Hyoscyamus niger

Hyoscyamus niger

1. Hyoscyamus niger origin : the dried leaves,or leaves and flowering Tops of Hyoscyamus niger ‘F. Solanaceae ’ Active Constituents : 1-Tropane alkaloids(.04-.72%) * Hyoscyamine * Hyoscine ( Scoplamine ) *Atropine * Apoatropine * Cuskhygrine 2-Apohyoscine,ascorbic acid and other amino acids Therapeutic Uses: 1-Mydriatic 2-Antispasmodic 3-Antimuscarinic effect 4-Antisialagogue 5-cerebral sedative Mechanism of Action Tropane alkaloids relates to their competitive antagonism at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors,preventing the binding of acetylcholine ….. Tropane alkaloids are readily absorbed following oral ingestion , but have a short biological half-life and Are rapidly biotransformed or excreted. Contraindication 1-pregnancy and breast feeding due to its risk of poisoning 2-Heart conditions such as heart failure or irregular heartbeat. 3-constipation 4-down syndrome Side effects and over dose *restlessness *hallucination *convulsion *dry mouth *nausea *vomiting