Hypertension PDF

Hypertention- brief PDF presentation made for the purpose of class presentation.

Information taken from internet, i do not own any content.

1. HYPERTENSION
BPT 3
rd
Year.

2. Blood pressure

The force exerted by the blood upon the walls of the arteries;

The pressure in the arteries originates in the pumping action of the heart,

Pressure waves (the pulse) can be felt at the wrist and at other points where arteries lie near the
surface of the body; since the heart can pump blood into the large arteries more quickly than it can be
absorbed and released by the tiny arterioles and capillaries, considerable inner pressure always exists
in the arteries;
The pressure is maintained between beats of the heart by the elastic recoil and smooth muscular
contraction in the walls of arteries

The contraction of the heart (systole) causes the blood pressure to rise to its highest point, and
relaxation of the heart (diastole) brings the pressure down to its lowest point;

Blood pressure is strongest in the aorta, where the blood leaves the heart; it diminishes progressively in
the smaller blood vessels and reaches its lowest point in the veins

Degree of physical activity, stress levels, emotional states, obesity, dietary salt and alcohol intake,
endocrine and kidney function, and various disease states affect blood pressure.

3. Hypertension

Abnormally high
blood pressure is
called Hypertension
.

4. This is how the
body normally
regulates the
Blood
Pressure.

6. Short-term regulation of
blood pressure is done
by Baroreceptors that
are located in the
carotid sinus in the
aortic arch.

9. What happens
when blood
pressure is
falling ?

10. Measurement
of Blood
Pressure.

The most widelyusedmethods of blood pressure found
in many clinical settings is the Auscultatory method using
a sphygmomanometer .
Sphygmomanometer -An
instrument for indirectly
measuring blood pressure
in the arteries, especially
one consisting of a pressure
gauge and a rubber cuff
that wraps around the
upper arm and inflates to
constrict the arteries.
Korotkoff sounds are blood flow sounds that
healthcare providers observe while taking blood
pressure with a sphygmomanometer over the
brachial artery in the antecubital fossa. These
sounds appear and disappear as the blood
pressure cuff is inflated and deflated.
In Auscultatory method,
The clinician observes the
Korotkoff sounds using a
stethoscope.

12. Normal
Blood
Pressure
forboth
genders.

13. Treatment of
Hypertension

Pharmacologic therapy Drug therapy is
recommended for individuals with
blood pressures 140/90 mmHg

Examples of drugs: –

Diuretics : Thiazides: HCTZ 
Beta blockers: Metoprolol
ACE Inhibitors: Captopril 
Angiotensin II Antagonists: Losartan

Calcium blockers: Verapamil

14. Submitted by:-

Sarina Negar
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NaushiParveen
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AhmarRaza

Abdur Razzaque

ShubhamKumar
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Amrita Singh
NazirAnsari
GulzarAhmed
FarazAhmed
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Intisha Shuaib
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Zainul Abdeen
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Fabiha Fatima
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Humaira