Ideas of Novel Materials for Plastic Composite Sleeper.pptx

Ideas of Novel Materials for Plastic Composite Sleeper.pptx

1. Ideas of Novel Materials for Plastic Composite Sleeper Md Sabbrojjaman PhD Candidate in Civil Engineering UniSQ, Toowoomba, Qld, Australia Supervisor: Prof. Allan Manalo Co-Supervisor: Dr. Wahid Ferdous Dr. Omar Alajarmeh Date: May 27, 2024

2. Methods to improve properties of recycled mixed plastics Coupling Agent Silane hydroxyl methacrylate Ɣ- methacryloxypropyltrimethoxy silane (Ɣ-MPS) maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene ( MaPP ) maleic anhydride grafted Polyethylene (MA-g-PE) maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin (MA-g-PO) maleic anhydride grafted octane–ethylene Octane–ethylene copolymer and amino silanes Temperature Antioxidants Hindered Phenols ( Irganox 1010, 1076 ) Amine Stabilisers Aminic Antioxidants ( DBPD ) Compatibilisation Ethylene-propylene Copolymer (EPM) Ethylene-propylene-diene Monomer (EPDM) Graft Copolymer Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) Reinforcement Natural Cotton, Flax, Hemp, Jute, Sisal Synthetic E-glass, S-glass, Aramid, Carbon UV-stabilisers High molecular weight hindered amine stabilisers (HAS) Hindered amine light stabilisers (HALS) Fillers Graphite, CaCO 3 Mica, and talc

3. Polyamide (PA)

4. Polypropylene (PP)

5. Aluminium Can  Beverage cans are generally made from aluminium alloy 3004, which is 97.8% aluminium, 1.2 % manganese and 1% magnesium. In its pure form its melting point is recorded at approximately 660 degrees celsius or 1220 degrees fahrenheit . The melting point of aluminium oxide is higher than the pure form of aluminium. Aluminium oxide melts at about 2,000 degrees celsius .  Most aluminium cans are lined with plastic coatings or linings made from epoxy resins. Characteristically, they have a higher strain threshold - meaning they undergo a higher level of deformation before fracturing.

6. Aluminium Property Value Physical Properties Density Around 2.7 g/cm³ Electrical Conductivity Good conductor Thermal Conductivity Good conductor Melting Point Around 660°C Mechanical Properties Flexural Strength Varies depending on alloy (typical range: 100-500 MPa) Compressive Strength High (typical range: 200-700 MPa) Tensile Strength High (typical range: 200-700 MPa) Shear Strength Moderate (typical range: 100-300 MPa) Durability UV Resistance Good (natural oxide layer offers protection) Maximum Service Temperature Varies depending on alloy (typical range: 150-350°C) Glass Transition Temperature N/A Melting Point Around 660°C

7. Polystyrene 85 per cent made of recycled material, a mix of “polystyrene and agricultural plastic waste, including cotton bale wrap, vineyard covers and pipe from the mining industry”

8. Glass Bottles For Spirits

9. EPDM in particular exhibits outstanding resistance to heat, ozone, steam, and weather. As such, EPDM can be formulated to be resistant to temperatures as high as 150 °C, and, properly formulated, can be used outdoors for many years or decades without degradation.