Iec

1. SEMINAR ON INFORMATION EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION

2. INTRODUCTION IEC IS AN IMPORTANT APPROACH TO BRING ABOUT CHANGS IN THE KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES & BEHAVIOUR OF THE PEOPLE FOR BETTERMENT OF THEIR HEALTH & THE HEALTH OF THE FAMILY & COMMUNITY IN WHICH THEY LIVE.

3. DEFINITION INFORMATION: THIS CONSISTS OF PROVIDING SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE TO THE PEOPLE ABOUT THE HEALTH PROBLEMS AND HOW TO PREVENT THEM AND PROMOTE AND MAINTAIN GOOD HEALTH.

4. EDUCATION IT CONSISTS OF EDUCATING OR MOTIVATING THE PEOPLE TO CHANGE THEIR LIFE STYLE OR BEHAVIOUR FOR BETTERMENT OF THEIR HEALTH.

5. COMMUNICATION IT IS A COMPLEX PROCESS IN WHICH A SOURCE OF INFORMATION GIVES THROUGH VARIOUS CHANNELS TO THE AUDIENCE AND IN TURN GETS FEED BACK TO KNOW THE EFFECT OF THE PROCESS.

6. IEC IEC CAN BE DEFINED AS AN APPROACH WHICH ATTEMPTS TO CHANGE OR REINFORCE A SET OF BEHAVIOUR IN A TARGET , AUDIENCE REGARDING A SPECIFIC PROBLEM IN A PREDEFINED PERIOD OF TIME.

7. STEPS IN IEC

8. PLANNING SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS: UNDERSTANDIND & UNDERLYING PHILOSOPHY IDENTIFICATION OF TARGET GROUPS ESTABLISHMENT OF OBJECTIVES, GOALS & TARGETS

9. PREPARATORY ACTIVITIES DEVELOPING LINKAGE WITH OTHER EXISTING ORGANIZATIONS. ARRANGING SUPPORT ACTIVITIES LIKE ADVOCACY, COUNCELLING, AND GETTING MATERIALS AND MONEY. CONDUCTING EFFECTIVE TRAINING TO PREPARE RESOURCES.

10. KNOWING THE NEEDS TO THE TARGET GROUP DESIGNING THE MESSAGE FOR THE TARGET GROUPS. CHOOSING APPROPRIATE MEDIA OR CHANNEL FOR COST EFFECTIVENESS AND PREPARING APPROPRIATE IEC MATERIAL .

11. GENERAL PRINCIPLES IEC MATERIALS SHOULD BE DEVELOPED OUT AND PRODUCED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CENTRAL THEME AND CONTENTS OF MAJOR MESSAGES MENTIONED IN THE IEC STRATEGY. ALL IEC MATERIALS MUST BE PRETESTED AND EVALUATED PRIOR MASS PRODUCTION.

12. SET THE GOAL CONDUCT NEEDS ASSESSMENT. CONTENTS OF THE MESSAGE MUST BE FORMULATED ON THE BASIS OF THE RESULTS OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHES.

13. ESTABLISH BEHAVIOURAL OBJECTIVES THAT WILL CONTRIBUTE TO ACHIEVING THE GOAL. IDENTIFY POTENTIAL BARRIERS AND WAYS OF OVERCOMING THEM. ESTABLISH EVALUATION PLAN INDICATORS SHOULD DETERMINE THE LEVEL OF ACHIEVEMENT OF THE BAHAVIOUAL OBJECTIVE.

14. IEC STRATEGIES Acceptable, Appropriate, Relevant, Understandable, Attention pulling, Unforgettable, Striking, Powerful, Attractive & Credible.

15. IEC DEVELOPMENT RULES 1.Command attention 2.Clarify the message 3.Communicate a benefit 4.Consistent 5.Cater to the heart & head 6.Create trust 7.Call to action

16. IEC OBJECTIVE S-SMART M-MEASURABLE A-AREA SPECIFIC R-REALISTIC T-TIME BOUND

17. IEC MESSAGE A GOOD MESSAGE IS SHORT, ACCURATE AND RELEVANT. IT SHOULD BE DISSEMINATED IN THE LANGUAGE OF THE TARGET GROUPS. THE MESSAGE TONE MAY BE HUMOROUS, DIDACTIC, AUTHORATIVE, RATIONAL OR EMOTIONALLY APPEALING.

18. IT MAY BE INTENDED AS A ONETIME APPEAL OR AS REPETITIVE REINFORCEMENT. IT IS OFTEN NECESSARY TO DEVELOP SEVERAL VERSIONS OF MESSAGE DEPENDING ON THE AUDIENCES WHOM IT IS DIRECTED. DETERMINE SUITABLE METHODS AND CHANNELS OF ACTION AND COMMUNICATION.

19. PRINCIPLES FOR MATERIAL DISTRIBUTION

20. IEC UNIT

21. IEC UNIT: Developing a strategy and implementation plan for information education and communication. Coordinating communication between the Board and stakeholders and the general public. coordinating communication between the Board and the media.

22. Arranging media conferences, media release, media visits and responding to media enquiries. Initiating communication/publicity events. Ensuring the quality of information, education and communication materials and reports. Handling all Board protocol issues.

23. COMMUNICATION The big gap remaining between awareness and action shown that we only paid attention to approaches of information transmission the past years. The choice of communication approach will be based on the characteristics of each audience group.

24. TYPES: One way communication Two way communication Verbal communication Non verbal communication Formal communication Informal communication Visual communication Tele communication

25. IMPLEMENTATION: PLANNING WAYS TO ENSURE THAT THE MATERIALS REACH THE TARGET AUDIENCE. MONITORING: REGULAR CHECKING OF THE PROGRAMMED ACTIVITIES. EVALUATION: ANALYZING THE INFORMATION PERIODICALLY

26. BARRIERS OF COMMUNICATION : PHYSIOLOGICAL BARRIER (hearing, expression difficulties) PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIER (emotional disturbance) ENVIRONMENTAL BARRIER (noise pollution, overcrowding) CULTURAL BARRIER (illiteracy, customs, beliefs)

27. PRINCIPLES FOR MOBILIZING CHANNELS OF COMMUNICATION:

28. HEALTH EDUCATION

29. HEALTH EDUCATION DEFINITION: It is a process of bringing scientific knowledge on health to the people to bring about the changes in their knowledge, attitude and the behavior for the betterment of their health and the health of the community in which they live.

30. OBJECTIVES: To encourage the people to adopt healthy life styles. To encourage them to make best use of available health services. To change their attitude towards their own health To improve the health of the family and the community at large.

31. APPROACHES IN HEALTH EDUCATION : REGULATORY APPROACH SERVE APPROACH HEALTH EDUCATION APPROACH PRIMARY HEALTH APPROACH.

32. PRINCIPLES: Credibility Content Context Clarity Consistency Channels Participation Motivation Comprehension Reinforcement Known to unknown Feedback

33. MASS MEDIA :

34. MASS MEDIA Mass media refers to all forms of media that are open to and accessible by the public. This includes newspapers, television, internet, magazines, radio etc .

35. RADIO AND TELEVISION To allot more times for transmitting population and family planning messages through radio and television programs, including news and entertainment programs .

36. To define clearly the characteristics and demand of listeners/viewers, identify the audience's favorite types and programs in order to be able to use appropriate contents and types and achieve the most efficiency in transmitting such population and family planning messages .

37. To compose very short spots (radio and television spot), containing population and family planning messages that are simple and easy to understand, to remember and to imitate, and to transmit them regularly once every week in combination with the audiences' favorite programs (in the 1992-1995 period) and twice or more every week (in the 1996-2000 period).

38. To record in tapes all radio and television programs containing the population and family planning contents in order to disseminate such programs at grass-root levels through local radio and video-show house network.

39. NEWSPAPER To define the characteristics, demand of information and favorite types of audiences in order to be able to formulate appropriate contents and message types.

40. To raise the quality and quantity of the pages reserved for the population/FP related topics and themes, particularly its attractiveness. To give more spaces to the items of "Question and Answer on Family Planning" and "Guidance in Family Planning Implementation".

41. To improve the contents of news and articles with regard to population and family planning in all newspapers and magazine. To introduce easily-understood types and forms containing the population and family planning contents with less words and more pictures such as picture stories, cartoons, advertisements, etc., to audiences having a low educational level.

42. ADVANTAGES : - Information - News - Entertainment - Communication ( specifically for internet) - Product reviews

43. DISADVANTAGES - Can lead to wrong perceptions - unrest - Panic

44. FOLK MEDIA:

45. FOLK MEDIA Indian folk forms are a mixture of dialogue, dance, song, clowning, moralising and prayer. Though the folk media attracts a small audience, the impact on them is at a much deeper level inviting the audience participation.

46. ORAL TRADITION These include mostly verbal arts or expressive literature consisting of spoken, sung and voiced forms of traditional utterances like songs, tales, poetry, ballads, anecdotes, rhymes, proverbs and elaborate epics .

47. MATERIAL CULTURE : These are visible aspects of folk behaviour such as skills, recipes and formulae as displayed in rural arts and crafts, traditional motifs, architectural design, clothes, fashions, farming, fishing and various other types of tools and machinery.

48. Social folk customs : These are areas of traditional life, which emphasize the group rather than the individual skills and performances. They include large family and community observances and relate to rites of passages such as birth, initiation, marriage and death or annual celebrations, festivals, fairs, ritual and ceremonial gatherings, market occasions and rural meets.

49. PERFORMING ARTS : These consist of traditional music, masquerades, dance and drama.

50. ADVANTAGES OF FOLK MEDIA: The Familiarity, Personal contact, Common Language, Intelligibility, Credibility and Acceptance make the folk media universally acceptable among rural folks. In the folk media there is contact between the sender of the message and the receiver. As the contact is direct and personal, the messages in folk media are far more credible and acceptable than if it were transmitted through the electronic media.

51. The folk media is more flexible, repeatable and reachable than the electronic media. Repeating one particular message through the folk media is far easier and far less expensive than doing so through the electronic media. In India, folk traditions are used as a vehicle for mass communication

52. DISADVANTAGES: The cultural groups used for such purposes lack the spirit of social service and social welfare. The folk items presented for the healthy entertainment of the people lack in authenticity and depth.

53. The new themes given to these traditional forms such as dance, drama, and song do not suit the purpose for which they are meant and the technique in which they are used. They are either very unsuitable or too direct for assimilation and moral impact. The traditional forms used for mass communication are not properly assessed for their suitability. Proper documentation work is not conducted before their use.

54. Various art groups working in the field of publicity under some governmental projects too are of low calibre. The contents of their performances aim at publishing the governmental achievements and not at developing the personality of men.

55. JOURNALISM

56. JOURNALISM Journalism is concerned with collection and dissemination of news through the print media as well as the electronic media. This involves various areas of works like reporting, writing, editing, photographing, broadcasting or cable casting news items.

57. Career in journalism is a prestigious profession as well as a highly paid one. Journalist plays a major role in the development of nation. It is through them that we get information about daily happenings in the society.  

58. PURPOSE: The purpose of journalism itself is to inform and interpret, educate and enlighten the people.

59. CLASSIFICATION: 1 . PRINT JOURNALISM : Print Journalism includes newspapers, magazines and journals. In print journalism one can work as editors, reporters, columnists, correspondents etc.

60. 2. ELECTRONIC JOURNALISM: Electronic journalism includes working for Radio, Television and the Web. In the web, skilled people are required to maintain sites by web newspapers (which cater only to the web and do not have print editions) and popular newspapers and magazines who have their own web editions. In electronic journalism one can be a reporter, writer, editor, researcher, correspondent and anchor. 

61. TELE MEDICINE: INTRODUCTION: Tele medicine generally refers to the use of communication and information technologies for the delivery of clinical care. Tele medicine may be as two professionals discussing a case over the telephone or as complex as using satellite technology and video conferencing equipment to conduct a real time consultation between medical specialties in two different areas.

62. THE BASIC REQUIREMENT FOR A TELEMEDICINE: Image digitizer Modem Personal computer with broad band connection.

63. USES OF TELEMEDICINE : It can reduces the distance needed to travel for help Linking health centers, medical departments with remote clinics in the hub. It has provoked to be a cost effective way to maintain quality.

64. Distance learning has been a popular use of telemedicine technology for under graduate, graduate and post graduate medical training. It also provides a greater continuity of patient care. People like to receive high quality care in their local community itself.

65. TYPES: 1.REAL TIME (SYNCHRONOUS): Real time telemedicine could be as simple as a telephone call or as complex ass robotic surgery. Video conferencing equipment is one of the most common forms of technology used in synchronous telemedicine.

66. 2. STORE AND FORWARD: It involves acquiring medical data (like medical images, biosignals etc) and then transmitting this data to a doctor or medical specialities ass a convenient time for assessment offline.

67. ADVANTAGES: It provides health care facilities to rural and remote areas. It is beneficial for the population living in isolated communities. Eliminate distance barriers and improve access to quality health services. It reduces unnecessary traveling time foe both patient and health professionals. Patient education has improved.

68. DISADVANTAGES: Breakdown in relationship between health professional and patient. Use of expensive equipments is sustainable. Only high tech clients only accessible. Lack of human touch.