IEEE Microgrid Presentation 2016-05-11.pdf

Ppt

1. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016 All rights reserved.
Introduction to Microgrids &
Control Solutions

2. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 2
Industry Perspective on Microgrid

3. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 3
Microgrid Market Potential to Exceed $670 Million
Take Away
A Five increase from 2014
($133 million) to 2017 ($671
million)
Project cost $/kW to decrease
by cost efficiency gains in
controller development and
project development
Beside generation vendors,
the biggest opportunities will
be controller, modeling and
switching providers
Take Away
A Five increase from 2014
($133 million) to 2017 ($671
million)
Project cost $/kW to decrease
by cost efficiency gains in
controller development and
project development
Beside generation vendors,
the biggest opportunities will
be controller, modeling and
switching providers
Source:GTM Research 2014

4. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 4
Consumers Initiatives towards Microgrid and More
üGoldman Sachs(2020)
üJohnson & Johnson(2050)
üNike(2025)
üProcter & Gamble
üSalesforce
üStarbucks
üSteelcase
üVoya Financial(2015)
üWalmart
9 Massive US Companies Pledge To GO
100% Renewable

5. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 5
Microgrid Definition
üScaled-down power system
üLocal generation and
consumption of power
üTypically connected with main
grid via coupling point
üManage decentralized energy,
including renewables & storage,
in a local environment
üAllow for optimizing controllable
loads and building automation
CHP
PV, Wind
Energy Storage – Thermal /electrical
Controllable
Load
Utility
Grid
Points of
Common Coupling
Microgrid
Controller
Limited or not
Controllable
Energy Resources
ControllableGeneration
Fuel cells
Back up gen sets
UPS
Critical
Load
Turbine, Recip
engine
Geothermal

6. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 6
Wind, Solar, other RES
GT, ST, CHP, Fuel Cell, Diesel Gen-sets
Battery, UPS, Other ESS
Mixed Generation Assets
Critical vs. Non-Critical
Controllable vs. Non-Controllable
Sheddable vs. Non-Sheddable
Complicated Load Profile
Grid-Connected vs. Off-Grid
Black start
Re-synchronization to the Grid
Complex Modes of Operations
Three Pillars of a Microgrid System

7. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 7
Role of a Microgrid Controller
Components (SW and HW):
Field layer
§DG: Solar PV, Wind turbine,
combustion engine, CHP, CCHP
§Energy Storage: Battery, ultra
capacitor, flywheel, E-car
§Grid components: switchgear,
distribution line, transformer,
protection
§Power consumer mgmt.
Control & supervisory
§Central mgmt. & control comp.
§Operation tool for baselining &
decision logic (e.g.
weatherforecast)
System layer
§Power electronics: Smart
inverter, smart connection
§Smart controller(DG,
storage, loads)
Communication layer
§IT-communication
§Smart meters, sensors
Monitor and Control all Assets:SCADA
Balance Supply and Demand:Frequency Control
Manage Sufficient and Safe Voltage:Voltage Control
Energy Management:SchedulingGeneration & Storage
Transitionbetween Island and Grid-connected States
Manage a Black Out Situation:Black Start Restoration
Respond to Utility’sDemand ResponseRequest
Optimizethe Microgrid for Maximum Asset Utilization

8. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 8
Microgrid Control Hierarchy
Energy
Trading
SCADA
Load
Forecast
Generation
Forecast
Generation
Optimization
Frequency
Regulation
Voltage
Regulation
Load
Management
Archiving
Tertiary Control
Power Quality
Analyzer
Automatic
Islanding &
Resynchronization
Emergency
Demand
Response
Secondary Control
Power Quality
Protocol
Conversion
Distributed Energy Resources
Primary
Controller
Building
Mgmt
Energy
Storage
EVFMS
Fuel
Cell
DieselPV
OLTC
Relays/
Meters
Breakers
Coupling
Switch
Primary Power System Equipment
Local ControlSCADAAdvanced Functions Secondary Control
Key:
Less Fast
Fast
Very Fast
MGMS
Power
Automation
Systems
Local Control

9. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 9
Microgrid Control Hierarchy – Local Control
Distributed Energy Resources
Primary
Controller
Building
Mgmt
Energy
Storage
EVFMS
Fuel
Cell
DieselPV
OLTC
Relays/
Meters
Breakers
Coupling
Switch
Primary Power System Equipment
Primary Power System Equipment
Switch/Circuit Breakers
Protection and Control Devices
and Power Meters
On-load Tap Changer
Controller
Genset Controller
Local Control
Key:

10. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 10
Microgrid Control Hierarchy – Local Control
Distributed Energy Resources
Primary
Controller
Building
Mgmt
Energy
Storage
EVFMS
Fuel
Cell
DieselPV
OLTC
Relays/
Meters
Breakers
Coupling
Switch
Primary Power System Equipment
Distributed Energy Resources
PV Cells / Solar Inverter Diesel Generators Energy Storage
(Batteries)
Building Management
System
Fuel Cells
Local Control
Key:

11. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 11
Microgrid Control Hierarchy
Energy
Trading
SCADA
Load
Forecast
Generation
Forecast
Generation
Optimization
Frequency
Regulation
Voltage
Regulation
Load
Management
Archiving
Tertiary Control
Power Quality
Analyzer
Automatic
Islanding &
Resynchronization
Emergency
Demand
Response
Secondary Control
Power Quality
Protocol
Conversion
Distributed Energy Resources
Primary
Controller
Building
Mgmt
Energy
Storage
EVFMS
Fuel
Cell
DieselPV
OLTC
Relays/
Meters
Breakers
Coupling
Switch
Primary Power System Equipment
Local ControlSCADAAdvanced Functions Secondary Control
Key:
Less Fast
Fast
Very Fast
MGMS
Power
Automation
Systems
Local Control

12. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 12
Microgrid Control Hierarchy – Secondary Control
Automatic
Islanding &
Resynchronization
Emergency
Demand
Response
Power Quality
Protocol
Conversion
Secondary Control
Key:

13. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 13
Microgrid Control Hierarchy – Secondary Control
Automatic
Islanding &
Resynchronization
Emergency
Demand
Response
Power Quality
Protocol
Conversion
Secondary Control
Key:
Secondary Control
Engineering and
Maintenance Station
Redundant
SCADA Servers
Control Room
Interface to Building
Automation System
TCP/IP Modbus / IEC 61850

14. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 14
Microgrid Control Hierarchy – Secondary Control
Secondary Control – Communications Network
Engineering and
Maintenance Station
Redundant
SCADA Servers
Control Room
Interface to Building
Automation System
TCP/IP Modbus / IEC 61850
Primary Equipment
TCP/IP Modbus / IEC 61850
Redundant
Controller
Gateway
Modbus/Profibus
Meter
Primary EquipmentPrimary Equipment
Non-Redundant
Controller
TCP/IP Modbus / IEC 61850
Central
Controller
Primary Equipment
TCP/IP Modbus / IEC 61850

15. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 15
Microgrid Control Hierarchy –Power Quality
Power Quality
IEEE States:
“Power quality is the concept of powering and grounding sensitive equipment in a matter that is
suitable to the operation of that equipment“.
The need for Quality Power - Every market is exposed by financial losses due to power availability
and voltage quality. Minimizing losses due to power quality issues starts in identifying and
understanding the problem.
Power reliability is truly a business and operations issue rather than merely an inconvenience.

16. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 16
Microgrid Control Hierarchy –Power Quality
Power Quality
Electrical
System
Harmonics
Reactive Power
Flicker
Unbalance
Loads
Electrical
System
Loads
Harmonic Predistortion
Voltage Dips / Swells
Voltage Variations
Interruption

17. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 17
Microgrid Control Hierarchy –Power Quality
Page 17
O
f
f
ic
e
L
e
v
e
l
(
A
n
a
ly
s
is
)
§One Location for all Power Quality Data
§Both Quick and Detailed Review
of your Power Quality
§Analysis and Reports
Power Quality Analyzer
§
E
x
e
t
e
n
d
e
d
f
a
u
lt
r
e
c
o
r
d
a
n
a
ly
s
is
S
u
b
s
t
a
t
io
n
L
e
v
e
l
(
A
r
c
h
iv
in
g
)
PQS Archive
§Fault records
§Power Quality data
§PDR records
§Topological Information
§Evaluation results
§Fault location reports
§Scheduled reports
§Fault location
§Grid Code evaluation
§Creating scheduled Reports
Power Automation Services
§Notification via E-Mail & SMS
§COMTRADE / PQ Dif Export
§Report Export
Protection devices Fault recorder PQ Recorder
P
r
o
c
e
s
s
L
e
v
e
l
(
R
e
c
o
r
d
in
g
)
Power Meter
§IEC61850
§Profibus FMS
:
§Autom. COMTRADE Import
§Autom. PQ Dif Import
:
Snapshot
of
Disturbances
§Modbus
§Profibus DP
:

18. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 18
Typical Design Example
Point of
Common
Coupling to
Grid
Critical Loads
Dispatchable
Generation
Renewable
Generation
Energy
Storage
Utility
Service
MCL #2 MCL #3
MCL #1

19. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 19
Microgrid Control Hierarchy
Energy
Trading
SCADA
Load
Forecast
Generation
Forecast
Generation
Optimization
Frequency
Regulation
Voltage
Regulation
Load
Management
Archiving
Tertiary Control
Power Quality
Analyzer
Automatic
Islanding &
Resynchronization
Emergency
Demand
Response
Secondary Control
Power Quality
Protocol
Conversion
Distributed Energy Resources
Primary
Controller
Building
Mgmt
Energy
Storage
EVFMS
Fuel
Cell
DieselPV
OLTC
Relays/
Meters
Breakers
Coupling
Switch
Primary Power System Equipment
Local ControlSCADAAdvanced Functions Secondary Control
Key:
Less Fast
Fast
Very Fast
MGMS
Power
Automation
Systems
Local Control

20. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 20
Microgrid Control Solutions
Grid health
Fast detection of grid failure
Power quality, freq/ voltage
Alarming
…
Monitor
Freq/Volt control
Reserve management
Fast grid restoration
Black start sequence
Load and generation controls
Fast Load shedding
…
Control Mode of operations
Economic Dispatch
“When to generate what and why”
to provide secure power to
mission critical loads
…
Optimize

21. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 21
Advanced Microgrid Control Solutions
Load and
Renewable
Generation
Forecast
Microgrid
Optimization
Module
Generation &
Load Control
Feedback
Load and
Generation
Schedules
Control Commands
Weather Data
Feed
Historical Load
and
Generation
Data
Min ∑ cost
–or-
Min ∑ emissions

22. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 22
Net-Load
Load
-1250
-750
-250
250
750
1250
1750
0:00 2:24 4:48 7:12 9:36 12:00 14:24 16:48 19:12 21:36 0:00
PV Output
MGMS Overview
Day-ahead Forecast and Scheduling based on Optimization
Grid Expensive $$$
DischargeStorage
Gas GenerationOnline
Grid Normal $$
ChargeStorage
Grid Cheap $
DischargeStorage
Grid Cheap $
ChargeStorage

23. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 23
Advanced Microgrid Control Solutions
Reliable Power
Renewable Integration
Cost Savings
Emission
Security
Reliable Efficient Sustainable Secure
Alarming
Frequency Control
Voltage Control
Reserve Management
Grid to Island
Transition
Fast Load Shed
Island to Grid Resynch
Black Start
Restoration
Power Quality Analysis
Optimal economic
dispatch & Unit
commitment
Simple Deployment
Autonomous or Simple
Operation
Demand Charge
Management
Bid energy markets or
ancillary services
Interface/optimize energy
storage
Emission Optimization
Solar & wind
forecasting
Maximum penetration
of renewables via
storage optimization
N
e
e
d
s
B
e
n
e
f
i
t
s
F
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
s
Strong security,
platform
based on utility-level
system
Patch management
Security architecture &
design
Cyber vulnerability
assessment
Access control
Security in lifecycle
Information security
governance
High-Level Customer
Requirements
Advanced Microgrid
Control Solution
Benefits
Specific Functional
Requirements
Resiliency

24. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 24
MGMS: Grid Connected

25. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 25
MGMS: Islanded

26. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 26
Advanced Microgrid Controls Enables Integrated Grid
Interconnected Grid to Integrated Grid
Better integrate renewables, storage and
other DER
Grid recovery and healing
Optimization of system energy and load
management
Unidirectional Power Flow Bidirectional Power Flow
Offshore Wind Parks
Large Scale
PV Plant
Small Industrial
Gas Turbine
Biogas CHPDiesel Generator
Storage
Solutions
Electrical
Vehicles
Private Solar
Smart Street
Lighting
Hydrogen Storage
Storage
Solutions
Pumped Storage
Power Plant
Microgrids
Advanced Microgrid Controls enable:
Transparency and data accessibility
Prosumers
Distribution-level power markets
Grid stability
Safety and protection

27. Unrestricted © Siemens AG 2016
20XX-XX-XXPage 27
Contact
Maggie Clout
Business Development Manager
Microgrid
Mobile: [phone]
Email:[email protected]