Iiver cirrhosis.By Malak Tag Aldeen.pptx

Medical surgical nursing

1. Iiver cirrhosis

2. Introduction The term cirrhosis was first used by Rene Laennec (1781-1826) to describe the abnormal liver color of individuals with alcohol induced liver disease. Cirrhosis is characterized by diffuse hepatic fibrosis and nodule formation . It can occur at any age, has significant morbidity and is an important cause of premature death. It is the most common cause of portal hypertension and its complications. It is an irreversible condition . T he worldwide most common causes of cirrhosis are al cohol abuse and viral infection

3. Definition Cirrhosis d erived from Greek word Kirrhos means Yellowish brown color and osis means condition . It is a chronic , progressive liver disease characterized by liver necrosis and fibrosis and conversion of normal liver architechture into structurally abnormal nodules that lack normal lobular organi z atio . (Figure. 1) Figure.1

4. Anatomy of liver The liver is located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen , just below the diaphragm . (Figure.2) The liver is connected to two large vessels : the hepatic artery and the portal vein T he liver is divided into four lobes : left , right , caudate , and quadrate .( Figure.3) t he lobes are further divided into lobules , the functional units of the liver Figure.2 Figure.3

5. Functions of liver Metabolism - Carbohydrate , Fat & Protein Secretory - bile , Bile acids , salts & pigment s Excretory - Bilirubin , drugs , toxins Synthesis - Albumin , coagulation factors Storage - Vitamins , carbohydrates etc Detoxification - toxins , ammonia , etc .