IMPACT OF ETHICAL LEADERSHIP ON WORKPLACE DEVIANCE WITH MODERATING ROLE OF WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY

INTRODUCTION
Ethics has now become an important problem due to the
revelation of a number of high-profile company
scandals.

Deviant or unethical conduct will generate a bad
inference on organization, groups, and individuals

Whereby it also motivates academicians towards ethical
managing
(EL) The demonstration of normatively appropriate conduct through
personal actions and interpersonal relationships, and the promotion of
such conduct to followers through two way communication and decision
making.
EL is actually connected to place of work deviance

Deviant or unethical action has affected in lowering the overall
performance as well as efficiency for a business.

A leader is actually an important learning resource for honest
recommendations for all the employees that are also accountable for the
moral improvement of the business.

WORKPLACE
DEVIANCE
Action of an individual or group of
individuals that violates organizational
norms and is meant to hurt a company, the
personnel of its, or both.

Regular workplace deviance builds bad
reputation of the organization in terms of
financial gains or psychological disturbance
among employees.

DA aren't anticipated in the businesses since
it departs from organizational anticipations
it's viewed as a crucial issue for
academicians and practitioners.

1. IMPACT OF ETHICAL LEADERSHIP ON WORKPLACE DEVIANCE WITH MODERATING ROLE OF WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY Submitted By: HOOR BAHADUR

2. INTRODUCTION Ethics has now become an important problem due to the revelation of a number of high-profile company scandals. Deviant or unethical conduct will generate a bad inference on organization, groups, and individuals Whereby it also motivates academicians towards ethical managing

3. CONT…. (EL) The demonstration of normatively appropriate conduct through personal actions and interpersonal relationships, and the promotion of such conduct to followers through two way communication and decision making. EL is actually connected to place of work deviance Deviant or unethical action has affected in lowering the overall performance as well as efficiency for a business. A leader is actually an important learning resource for honest recommendations for all the employees that are also accountable for the moral improvement of the business.

4. Many empirical studies which talk about the impact of ethical leadership against deviant behavior has shown that you will find inconsistencies within the study so a gap existed which needs to be filled. They argue that much more empirical investigations are actually needed to take a look at the indirect and direct impact of ethical leadership on work deviance. Mo identified that very little concern is given to probe the effect of ethical leadership on deviant workplace conduct, In this research we will fill the gap by using workplace spirituality because through the literature it is clear that regardless of ethical leaders RESEARCH GAP AND IMPLICATIONS 4

5. How ethical leaders will help in reducing WPD How workplace spirituality will help ethical leaders in reducing WPD. To find the role of Ethical leaders in reducing WPD. To increase workplace spirituality that will help ethical leaders in reducing WPD. RESEARCH QUESTION RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

6. LITERATURE REVIEW

7. ETHICAL LEADERSHIP The role of leader in an organization is very important Leader is a person who determine the goods and bad of an organization or people around him Ethical leaders clearly defines the right way to do the work to followers An ethical leader is perceived on the basis of two dimensions Moral manager Moral personas Ethical leaders establish an ethical organization by explaining how to behave ethically in an organization

8. WORKPLACE DEVIANCE Action of an individual or group of individuals that violates organizational norms and is meant to hurt a company, the personnel of its, or both. Regular workplace deviance builds bad reputation of the organization in terms of financial gains or psychological disturbance among employees. DA aren't anticipated in the businesses since it departs from organizational anticipations it's viewed as a crucial issue for academicians and practitioners.

9. IMPACT of ETHICAL LEADERSHIP Ethical leadership works well in stopping deviant behavior They are also very good in producing a very good organizational. Connection between ethical leadership with different types of unethical conduct i.e misconduct and bullying. There is indirect relationship between EL and WPD, negative relationship between these two variables W.R.T Workplace Deviance

10. There is indirect relationship between ethical leadership and WPD The role of moderating variable WPS is also indirect between ethical leader and WPD 01 02 HYPOTHESIS HP

11. The research frame work is developed on the basis of Literature review Conduct analysis Conclude the results Justify the results frame work RESEARCH FRAMEWORK

12. RESEARCH MEASUREMENT

13. RESEARCH Different offices of WAPDA at Lahore Population is unknown Used non probability sampling techniques Employees at Lahore. SAMPLE 311 Questionnaire is used to collect response Collect primary data Targeted group DESIGN 311

14. SCALE Study is adopted from 3 different studies SECOND PART Questions FIRST PART Scale is consisted THIRD PART Questions from scale 21 questions of WPS 12 questions of WPD 10 question of ethical leadership 1. Measuring WPS use scale by ashmos and duchon’s (2000) 2. Measure WPD adapted questions from ( bennett and robinson , 2000) Demographic Variable Gender-occupation

15. Analysis Strategy Used SPSS software Results are generate By tests like Regression Correlation Reliability

16. DATA ANALYSIS

17. Different qualification most of employees are having post graduate degree 311 30 29 1. DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS 311 Individuals 29-30 Age group 50% 40% 30% 20%

18.     FREQUENCY PERCENT VALID % CUMULATIVE % GENDER Male 158 50.8 50.8 50.8 Female 153 49.2 49.2 100.0 Total 311 100.0 100.0   AGE 29 and Younger 89 28.6 28.6 28.6 30-39 90 28.9 28.9 57.6 40-49 59 19.0 19.0 76.5 50-59 37 11.9 11.9 88.4 60 or Olders 36 11.6 11.6 100.0 Total 311 100.0 100.0   QUALIFICATION Intermediate or less 67 21.5 21.5 21.5 Graduate 84 27.0 27.0 48.6 Postgraduate 92 29.6 29.6 78.1 Higher 68 21.9 21.9 100.0 Total 311 100.0 100.0   OCCUPATION Dy. Director 77 24.8 24.8 24.8 Engineer 76 24.4 24.4 49.2 Assistant 81 26.0 26.0 75.2 Clerk 77 24.8 24.8 100.0 Total 311 100.0 100.0  

19. VARIABLES CRONBACH'S ALPHA NO. OF ITEMS Ethical Leadership 0.629 10 Workplace Spirituality 0.716 21 Workplace Deviance 0.683 22 Reliability Analysis

20. CORRELATION ANALYSIS MODEL ELA WD a ELA Pearson Correlation 1 -.099 Sig. (2-tailed)   .080 N 311 311 WORKPLACE DEVIANCE A Pearson Correlation -.099 1 Sig. (2-tailed) .080   N 311 311 workplace deviance is negatively correlated with EL (r = - 0.099).

21. PEARSON’S CORRELATION MODEL ELA WS a ELA Pearson Correlation 1 .080 Sig. (2-tailed)   .160 N 311 311 WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY Pearson Correlation .080 1 Sig. (2-tailed) .160   N 311 311 Workplace spirituality is positively correlated with EL (r = 0.080).

22. PEARSON’S CORRELATION MODEL WS WD a WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY Pearson Correlation 1 -.491** Sig. (2-tailed)   <.001 N 311 311 WORKPLACE DEVIANCE a Pearson Correlation -.491** 1 Sig. (2-tailed) <.001   N 311 311 workplace deviance is negatively correlated with WS (r = -0.491).

23. Conti…… By sum up all the correlation analysis ; we run two test to find the correlation between variables Pearson correlation Spearman correlation In both test the relationship of ethical leadership with WPD is negative. If moderating variable then its relationship with EL is positive but with workplace deviance is negative So, with the presence of ethical leaders and workplace spirituality we can control WPD 01 03 02

24. REGRESSION ANALYSIS

25. COEFFICIENT ANALYSIS MODEL UNSTANDARDIZED COEFFICIENTS STANDARDIZED COEFFICIENTS t Sig. B Std. Error Beta 1 (Constant) 3.319 .183   18.138 <.001 ELA -.047 .038 -.061 -1.221 .223 Workplace spirituality -.405 .041 -.486 -9.779 <.001 2 (Constant) 2.697 .650   4.147 <.001 ELA .192 .243 .248 .791 .429 Workplace spirituality -.250 .161 -.299 -1.545 .123 ELWPS -.060 .060 -.377 -.997 .320

26. MODEL SUMMARY Change in R square the value of second model is minimum. So moderation is proved but the effect of moderation is weak and insignificant because the change in the value of R square is just 2% . Model R R Square Adjusted R Square Std. Error of the Estimate CHANGE STATISTICS Durbin-Watson R Square Change F Change Df1 Df2 Sig. F Change 1 .494 a .244 .240 .422 .244 49.825 2 308 <.001   2 .497 b .247 .240 .422 .002 .994 1 307 .320 2.341

27. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION

28. 2 nd hypothesis of the study, result indicates that WPS moderate the relationship between EL and WPD but this moderation is not much stronger. Impact of EL on WPD while using WPS as a moderator to check weather, this study will strengthen the relationship btw EL and WPD. The data of the research is collected from the public sector Organization WAPDA . The role of the ethical leader is positive in reducing WPD. like WAPDA should introduced the role of ethical leaders to reduce the WPD. 1 st hypothesis is ,the result of the study indicates that EL is negatively correlated to WPD 01 02 03 04 05 When ethical leaders motivate employees towards ethical actions and treat them equally then employees will also give him respect and minimize the WPD

29. No dimension of ethical leadership is used .So future study should use its different dimensions like integrity, moral values etc. Study does not use any mediator .So ,future study should add mediator in their studies. Use cross sectional collection method ;future studies should use time series design. LIMITATIONS and FUTURE DIRECTION

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35. THANK YOU