Imperialism second wave

Ch. 20 Imperialism

1. SECOND WAVE of European conquests in ASIA and AFRICA The period 1750–1900 saw a second, distinct phase of European colonial conquest. It was focused on South and Southeast Asia, Africa, and Pacific Islands It involved several new players like Germany, Italy, Belgium, U.S., and Japan

2. “White” Colonies Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa Populated mainly by people that moved there from Britain Given self-rule

3. “Non-white” Colonies in Asia & Africa Under indirect rule Populated mainly by people who are native to the area Few people from Western nations actually live there – but control the government

4. Western nations: Relied on native elites to directly rule and native soldiers to enforce laws

5. The partition of Africa 1880s

6. Scramble for Africa Berlin Conference in 1885 set rules for European colonization of Africa Africans in decentralized societies w/ no formal state structure held out the longest against European conquest By 1914, 90% of Africa was under European control

7. See if you can identify part of the problem with colonization.

8. By 1910, 10,000 missionaries in Africa (By the 1960s, 50 million Africans were Christian)

9. Consequences of the Scramble for Africa Traditional way of life disrupted Economic exploitation of Africans European racism imported into Africa Spread of European culture (education and religion) Spread of Western technology Change in women’s roles

10. The Rhodes Colossus ©2012, TESCCC

11. British control of India

12. British Imperialism in India Britain trading in India since 1600s British East India Co. gradually took over parts of India

13. Growth of British Power in India

14. SEPOYS

15. DIRECT British control began 1858 Indian soldiers or “sepoys” rebelled against the British leadership. After the violence ended, the British government direct took control of India. BRITISH RAJ

16. A British Merchant's Home in Colonial India

17. Consequences of British Imperialism in India British educational system established Rise of educated Indian middle class -eventually politically active Hinduism more “defined” Spread of English language Railroads tied India together

18. Question of the Day What was distinctive about European colonial empires of the nineteenth century (as opposed to earlier empires in history)?

19. What is being advertised? Where is this taking place? What is going on? What are the ways that this image symbolizes or give characteristics of Imperialism? (3 things) Who was the queen at the time? Advertisement 1897 Britain