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imperialsm

1. What Is imperialism ? Imperialism is a form of international hierarchy in which one political unit or polity , effectively governs or controls another polity.

2. Forms of Imperialism Colony imperialism : is when a powerful nation with a lot of wealth starts to extend its control over other contries . Direct rule . ( ruler from mother land) Indirect rule . ( local ruler )

3. 2. Protectorate imperialism : A country or a territory with its own internal government but under the control of an outside power . 3. The sphere of influence : An area in which an outside power claims exclusive investments or Trading privileges.

4. British imperialism

5. what were the causes of Great Britain’s empire-building ? what regions did Great Britain control ? What did British imperialism look like in its own colonies and protectorates?

6. Causes of British Imperialism Industrialization : Britain is the first country in the world to industrialize. British expedition to obtain raw materials. To sell finished products around the world. Technological changes : New ship technology : better ships , faster ships. Increase in shipping volume and lower costs. Cultural beliefs : Religion , competition . Political changes : Following the Napoleonic wars, Britain was able to expand its control to southeast Asia, and the Caribbean .

7. E.g. the British took over the Dutch colonies of south Africa . Strategic Advantages : Some regions served as strategic outposts for supplies and trade . E.g. Cape colony in South Africa was a strategic supply station.

8. Where was the British Empire ?

9. Britain established colonies all over the world : America , Africa, Asia , and Australia . The level of British control varied form place to pla ce . Direct rule : The British held complete control of the colony . e.g. Britain abolished the monarchy of Burma and installed its own government .

10. Indirect Rule : Local ruler used to impose the will of the British. E.g. in Nigeria Britain leaves local leaders in Charge in exchange for cooperation. Protectorate : Left local rulers in place . But were advised by Officials from Britain . E.g. Indian leaders are still around ,but advised by British government officials; also British military present.

11. Case study : Australia and New Zealand: In many places , the British left the indigenous population in places, choosing only to trade with them or rule over them . In Australia and New Zealand, British settlers that displaced the indigenous Population . The Portuguese had sighted Australia in 1600s but Britain began to explore it in 1760s . Unfamiliar diseases brought by new diseases contacts substantially reduced the population of hunter-gatherer Aborigines of Australia and of Maori of New Zealand .

12. Case study: Australia received British convicts and, after the discovery of gold in 1851 , a flood of free European settlers. British settlers came more slowly to New Zealand utile defeat of the Maori , faster ships and a short gold rush brought more British immigrants after 1860 . The British crown gradually turned governing power over the British settlers of Australia and New Zealand, but Aborigines and Maori experienced intense discrimination.

13. Mercantilism : Mercantilism was  a popular economic philosophy in the 17th and 18th centuries . In this system, the British colonies were money makers for the mother country. The British put restrictions on how their colonies spent their money so that they could control their economies .

14. Mercantilism trades all over the world during British Empire

15. Mercantilism in East India Britain kept India in chaos . 1600s British East India Tea Company won trading rights from British government . Manipulated rulers of states, suggested each needed British support to keep throne . Played rulers against each other, kept India in chaos . Company’s army took over much of India, claiming it had to restore order .