Importance of farm machineries and power.pdf

Importance of farm machineries and power

1. Farm Machineryand Power
FarmPowerInIndia
Dr. JayantaKr. Mahato
AssociateProfessor
ShobhitInstitute of Engineering & Technology
(Deemed to be University)
Meerut –250110, UP
Phone:[phone]
E-mail:[email protected]

2. Importance of Farm Mechanization

3. Importance of Farm Mechanization (Contd…)
People Working in Agriculture
(A) Total number of employees and (B) the total population

4. Importance of Farm Mechanization (Contd…)

5. Importance of Farm Mechanization (Contd…)

6. Importance of Farm Mechanization (Contd…)

7. Importance of Farm Mechanization (Contd…)

8. Importance of Farm Mechanization (Contd…)

9. Importance of Farm Mechanization (Contd…)

10. Introduction
FARMPOWERININDIA–
FarmPowerisanessential
agriculturefortimelyfield
and
operations
productivity
inputin
for
ofincreasingproduction
land.
Farmpowerisusedforoperatingdifferent
typesofmachineryliketillage,planting,plant
protection,harvestingandthreshing
machinery.

11. Introduction

12. SOURCESOFFARMPOWER
TherearedifferentsourcesoffarmpoweravailableinIndia
which
Humanpower
Animalpower
Mechanicalpower(Tractors+Powertillers+Oilengines)
Electricalpower
Renewableenergy(Biogas+ Solarenergy+Windenergy)

13. HUMANPOWER
Humanpower isthemainsourcefor operatingsmallimplementsandtoolsat thefarm.
Stationarywork likechaffcutting,lifting,water,threshing,winnowingetcare alsodone
bymanuallabor.
An averagemancandevelopmaximumpower ofabout 0.1hpfordoingfarmwork

14. ANIMALPOWER
Powerdevelopedby anaveragepairofbullocksabout1hpforusualfarm
work.
Bullocksareemployedforall typesfarmwork inallseasons.
Besidesbullocks, otheranimalslikecamels, buffaloes,horses,donkeys,mules
and elephantsare alsousedat someplaces.
The averageforce a draft animalcanexertisnearlyone-tenthofitsbody
weight.

15. MECHANICAL POWER
Broadlyspeaking,mechanical powerincludesstationaryoil
engines,tractors,powertillersandselfpropelledcombines.
Internalcombustion engineisagooddeviceforconverting
liquidfuelintousefulwork(mechanicalwork).
Thethermalefficiencyofdieselenginevariesfrom32to38
percentwhereasthatofpetrolenginevariesfrom25to32
percent.
Inmoderndays,almostallthetractorsandpowertillersare
operatedbydieselengines.
Dieselenginesareusedforoperatingirrigationpumps,flour
mills,oilghanis,cottongins,chaffcutter,sugarcanecrusher,
threshers,winnowersetc.

17. ELECTRICALPOWER
Electricalpowerisusedmostlyin theform ofelectricalmotorson thefarms.
Itisclean,questand smooth running.
Itsmaintenanceand operationneedslessattentionandcare.
Electrical power is used for water pumping, diary industry, cold storage, farm product
processing, fruitindustry and manysimilarthings

18. RENEWABLE ENERGY
It is the energy mainly obtained from renewable sources of energy like sun, wind, biomass
etc.
Biogas energy, wind energy and solar energy are used in agriculture and domestic
purposeswithsuitabledevices.
Renewableenergy canbeusedfor lighting,cooking,water heating,space heating,water
distillation,foodprocessing, water pumping,and electricgeneration.
Thistypeofenergyisinexhaustibleinnature.

20. Usageofrenewableenergysources
Solarenergy-Solardryers,lantern,cooker,solarstill,solarrefrigeration,solar
lightingetc
Windenergy-Waterpumping,electricitygenerationetc.
Biomassenergy-Gasifierstoproduceproducergas,pyrolysistoproduceliquid
fuels,Biogasetc
Tidalenergy–electricitygeneration
Geothermalenergy-Heatandelectricityproduction

21. FarmMechanization
Themainconceptoffarmmechanizationistoapplythe
principlesofengineering andtechnologytodothe
agriculturaloperationsinabetterwaytoincreasecrop
yield.
This includes thedevelopment, application and
management ofallmechanical aidsforfieldoperation,
watercontrol,materialhandling,storageandprocessing.
Mechanical aidsincludehandtools,animaldrawn
implements,powertillers,tractors,engines,electric
motors,grainprocessingandhaulingequipment's

22. SCOPEOFFARMMECHANIZATION
Improvedirrigationfacilities,introductionofhighyielding
varieties.
Useofhigherdosesoffertilizersandpesticideshave
increasedthescopeforgreaterfarmmechanization
Ifmachinesareusedfarmerandhisanimalsarerelieved
ofhardwork.
Withthesupportofmachinesfarmercandohisjobbetter
andquicker.
Hewillgetmoreleisureanddevotehistimetoother
works.
Hecanearnbetterliving.

23. BENEFITSOFFARMMECHANIZATION
Timelinessofoperation
Precisionofoperation
Improvementofworkenvironment.
Enhancement ofsafety
Reductionofdrudgeryoflabor
Reductionoflossofcropsand foodproducts
Increasedproductivityofland
Increasedeconomicreturntofarmer
Improveddignityoffarmer
Progressandprosperityinruralareas

24. CONSTRAINTSINFARMMECHANISATION
Smalllandholdings
Lessinvestingcapacityoffarmers
Adequateavailabilityofdraftanimals
Lackofsuitablefarmmachinefordifferentoperations
Lackofrepairandservicingfacilitiesformachines
Lackoftrainedmanpower
Lackofcoordinationbetweenresearchorganizationand
manufacturer
Highcostofmachines
Inadequatequalitycontrolofmachine