IMPORTANCE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY IN LATEST TECHNOLOGY

MECHANICAL

1. Welcome! IMPORTANCE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY PRESENT BY SUGUMAR.S DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

2. NON-RENEWABLE RESOURCES 1MW thermal plant will produce = 730 tons of CO 2 emissions 1 kg of uranium is equal to = 2000 ton of coal (24000 MW).

3. AIR POLLUTION SOURCES

4. RENEWABLE RESOURCES

5. NEED FOR SOLAR ENERGY Fossil fuels create massive pollution in the environment. This pollution affects waterways, the air you breathe, and even the meat and vegetables that you eat. These fuels are expensive to retrieve from the earth and they are expensive to use. Other, more Eco-friendly energy sources like wind and solar energies are relatively inexpensive and easy to produce. This could lead to a clean environment, less money spent on utilities, and a healthier world.

6. HOW MUCH ENERGY DOES THE SUN PRODUCE AND EARTH RECEIVES By the time it reaches Earth's surface, the energy in sunlight has fallen to about 1,000 watts per square meter at noon on a cloudless day. The Earth receives 174 petawatts (1 PW=10 15 watts) of incoming solar radiation at the upper atmosphere. Approximately 30% is reflected back to space while the rest is absorbed by clouds, oceans and land masses.

7. OVER VIEW OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES Geo thermal & Tidal

8. Disadvantages Solar panels are expensive. When it is cloudy or at night there is not enough light. What is it? Solar power uses energy from the Sun. Solar panels transfer the Suns energy to heat water. Advantages The energy from the Sun is free. The sun does not produce greenhouse gases. The sun will always be there during our lifetime.

9. Disadvantages Solar cells are expensive. They take up lots of space. They only work in Sun light What is it? Solar cells use energy from the Sun. Solar panels transfer the Suns energy directly into electricity. Advantages The energy from the Sun is free. The sun does not produce greenhouse gases. The sun will always be there during our lifetime.

10. SOLAR THERMAL PLANT

11. SOLAR POWER TOWER     Solar Power Tower –huge arrays of computer controlled mirrors that track the sun and focus sunlight on a central heat collection tower. Advantages Disadvantages Cost will drop as Technology improves Costs is high

12. Disadvantages Lots of wind turbines are needed to produce enough power. Turbines can only be put in windy areas. It is not always windy. Some people don’t like the look of the turbines. What is it? Wind turbines are used to generate electricity from the wind. The wind turns the large blades and the blades turn a generator. Advantages Wind is renewable. Wind is free. No greenhouse gases are made. There are few safety risks.

13. Disadvantages Inefficient (only 30% efficiency). Releases harmful solid carbon particles into the atmosphere. What is it? Biomass, is a renewable energy source made of biological material from living, or recently living organisms. Energy is released by combustion (burning). Advantages Produces less pollution than fossil fuels. Does not cause acid rain. Can be found locally. It is renewable.

14. Disadvantages There are not many places where we can build geothermal power stations. Harmful gases and minerals may occasionally come up from the ground below. These can be difficult to control. What is it? Rocks under the ground are hot. Water can be pumped through these hot rocks and warmed up. Advantages Geothermal energy does not produce greenhouse gases. The energy source is free and will not run out.

15. Disadvantages The dam is expensive to build. By building a dam, the nearby area has to be flooded and this could affect nearby habitats. If it does not rain much we may not have enough water to turn the turbines. What is it? Flowing water is used to turn a turbine which generates electricity. Advantages When the electricity is generated, no greenhouse gases are made. The water used is free. It is a renewable energy source.

16. Disadvantages Small waves generate small amounts of electricity. Electricity needs to be transported from the sea onto the land. The equipment is expensive What is it? Waves force air in and out of a chamber. The air causes a turbine to generate electricity. Advantages Waves are free and will not run out. Wave power does not produce greenhouse gases. There are very few safety risks. Wave

17. Disadvantages A dam to make the water flow through the generators might be needed. Plants and animals that live nearby might get harmed The tides only happen twice a day, so can only produce electricity at that time. What is it? Solar power uses energy from the Sun. Solar panels transfer the Suns energy to heat water. Advantages Tides are free and will not run out. No greenhouse gases are produced. It is reliable because we know exactly when the tides happen.

18. NEW TECHNOLOGY IN RENEWABLE ENERGY TESLA CAR TESLA GIGAFACTORY TESLA SEMI TRUCK BLOOM BOX HYPERLOOP VIRTUAL POWER PLANT

19. List of countries banning fossil fuel vehicles S.NO country Ban announced commences 1 Norway 2016 2025 2 Britain 2017 2040 3 France 2017 2040 4 India 2017 2030 5 TheNetherlands 2017 2030 6 China 2018 2018 7 Germany - 2030 9 United states of america(California) 2017 2040

20. TESLA CAR

21. History of electrical vehicle 1832 Robert Anderson invents a non-rechargeable electric carriage. 1835 Thomas Davenport builds the first practical electric vehicle and receiving a patent for the first electric motor in 1837. 1859 French physicist Gaston Planté invents the rechargeable lead-acid battery. 1891 William Morrison of Des Moines, Iowa builds the first successful electric automobile in the United States. 1900 One-third of all cars found on the roads of New York City, Boston, and Chicago are electric.

22. History 1908 Henry Ford introduces the gasoline-powered Model T. 1912 Charles Kettering invents the electric automobile starter . Eliminating the need for a hand crank starter on gasoline powered vehicles. 1972 Victor Wouk builds the first full-size hybrid vehicle 1974 Vanguard-Sebring's CitiCar is introduced it has a top speed of 30 mph and a 40 mile range. 1975 The U.S. Postal Service purchases 350 electric delivery jeeps from AM General. 1974 Sebring-Vanguard- CitiCar Victor Wouk with 1972 Buick Skylark Hybrid

23. History 1996 General Motors Saturn EV1 is released. 1997 Toyota introduces the Prius, the first mass-produced hybrid. 2003 GM discontinued the EV1 and “ killed the electric car” 2007 the Chevrolet Volt concept car. 2008 Tesla Motors 2012 Tesla model s 2015 tesla model x 2016 tesla model 3 2019 tesla semi truck 1996 Saturn EV1 Chevrolet Volt Concept Car

24. What is an Electric Vehicle?

25. Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) Hybrid vehicles that can plug into the grid so they can operate on electricity as well as an internal combustion engine.

26. Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) A vehicle that runs on electricity stored in batteries and has an electric motor rather than an internal combustion engine.

27. 1904 Baker Electric Stanhope Horsepower – 1.75 Top Speed – 22.4 Kmph 3 Speed Transmission Range – 64 Kilometer Weight – 975 lbs Shaft drive $1600

28. 1975 Sebring-Vanguard CitiCar Horsepower – 3.5 Top Speed – 70 Kmph 3 Speed Transmission Range – 80 km Weight – 1475 lbs Direct Drive Full charge in 6 hours $3500

29. 1998 Saturn EV1 Horsepower – 137 Top Speed – 128 kmph (regulated) Range – 120 to 208 km Weight – 3084 lbs Full charge in 6 hours $33,995 ($349 per month lease)

30. Tesla Roadster Horsepower – 248 Top Speed – 200 kmph 2 Speed Transmission Range – 352 km Full charge in 3.5 hrs (with 70 amp home charging station) Shaft Drive Weight – 2690 lbs $109,000

31. Differences EVs are virtually silent Some Electric Vehicles (EVs) look no different from gasoline-powered vehicles . gasoline engine is replaced by an electric motor electric motor gets its power from a controller controller gets its power from an array of rechargeable batteries.

32. How it works

33. Benefits Reduced dependence on foreign oil could displace 6.2 million barrels of oil a day (1 barrels = 160 liter) (10 crores liter) Zero emissions Can cost of less than 1.2 RS per mile driven Can be recharged using a typical household outlet

34. Drawbacks The prices of Electric Vehicles are still very high Most EVs have slow pick-up Would drastically increase electric bills to new areas.

35. PERCENTAGE OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE SALES IN US

36. Why Tesla ?

37. Technology and Products “Aim to provide the best products for customers” Leading battery and charging technology Highest NHTSA( National Highway Traffic  Safety  Administration  ) safety rating Top speed to 250 km/h and accelerate from 0 to100 km/h within 3.3-second , While the normal speed is below 100 km/h. T he fastest 4-door sedan in history T he longest range  The maximum range is 426 km with 85 kWh , while others can only achieve 150 km. Super charge : Finish 80% charging within 30 minutes

38. Complexity is hidden behind an elegant and functional design. Totally Touchscreen Display Simple and reliable powertrain lowest drag coefficient

39. ADVANTAGES Luxury vehicles All-electric green vehicles Sports cars in fashion Target customers Expand the products value Uniqueness Direct sales Buy Tesla directly online  

40. Economic Benefits Volatile Gas Prices Reduce dependence on the pump Lower Fueling Costs Off peak charging Time-Of-Use rates Lower Maintenance Costs No more oil changes, reduced tune ups

41. The Idea There are dozens of eco-friendly cars and dozens of luxury vehicles in the market today, however, Tesla has is the first to combine the two. Tesla utilizes both the luxury market and green market in the car market, by providing the world’s first luxury electric car. It’s eco-friendly capacities and sharp aesthetics attract many sectors of the car-buying market. Tesla also provides the electric powertrain equipment, such as the Tesla Supercharger Station and their backup batteries.

42. http://www.zgeek.com/first-tesla-electric-sedans-hit-the-road/ Over the past several years, there has been a search for alternative fuel and greener forms of transportation. We feel that Tesla has utilized this market to its full potential, as they are the only car on the market of its type ( fully electric car) Future Landscape of Success

43. They also look to increase the number of their Supercharger stations nationwide. https://gotentrepreneurs.com/project/tesla-motors/

44. Tesla Roadster Energy Efficiency- Solar “…the panels produce about $3,200 worth of transportation fuel plus about $600 worth of home energy, for a total of about $3,800 per year.”- Martin Eberhard

45. Tesla Roadster Maintenance 12,000 miles/12 months Reduced Maintenance No motor oil or oil filters to change No smog equipment to check No air filters to replace No power steering fluids to refill

46. Model S

47. Tesla Model s Battery The Model S is offered with two battery packs: a base model with a 60 kW·h battery expected to deliver 230 miles and 85 kW·h battery expected to deliver 300 miles. Tesla released software that features new energy-saving “sleep" functionality. The software allows Model S owners to choose between keeping the displays and vehicle electronics instantly available each time you turn on the car, or powering off the display and vehicle electronics each time you exit through a "sleep" state. it can increase the Model S range up to 8 mi per day. The lithium-ion battery consists of more than 7,000 battery cells for the 85 kW·h pack. The battery pack uses Panasonic cells with nickel-cobalt-aluminum cathodes. The battery pack location underneath the car in the floor provides the Model S with a very low center of gravity. The Model S battery is guaranteed by Tesla Motors for eight years or 100,000 mi for the base model with the 40 kW·h battery pack, while the base model with the 60 kW·h battery has an eight years or 125,000 mi warranty. All models with the 85 kW·h battery pack are guaranteed for eight years and unlimited miles.

48. Charging The charger for the Tesla Model S provides 10 kW 110/240-volt charging standard . An optional US$1,500 upgrade will support 20 kW charging Instead of a power port that opens like a gasoline cap , like other electric cars in the market, the Model S charge port is hidden behind the left rear taillight. The port is circled in LED lights that indicate how much the battery is charged by how rapidly the lights blink. Adapters are provided for 110 and 240 volt outlets, and for public charging stations. Tesla has deployed several 90 kW 250 amp Tesla Supercharger units between key cities to allow fast charging on road trips with plans to build more. A Supercharger can add 150 miles of range in 30 minutes and a full charge in approximately one hour

49. Charging

50. Model S Charging Vocabulary 110V Outlet 240V Outlet Tesla Mobile Connector Tesla High Power Wall Connector Twin charger(s)

51. Model S Supercharging • Industrial grade, not available for home use • Up to 120 kW input • Up to 120 kW off-board charger • Bypasses on-board vehicle chargers • Fills battery directly

52. TESLA GIGAFACTORY

53. GIGAFACTORY Gigafactory : The lithium-ion battery factory , reduce battery prices by 30% by 2017 . The Tesla Gigafactory was born out of necessity and will supply enough batteries to support Tesla’s projected vehicle demand. Tesla’s mission is to accelerate the world’s transition to sustainable energy through increasingly affordable electric vehicles and energy products. To achieve its planned production rate of 500,000 cars per year by 2018 , Tesla alone will require today’s entire worldwide supply of lithium-ion batteries .

54. TESLA SEMI TRUCK

55. Tesla Electric Semi Truck (2020)

56. The Bloom Box

57. BACKGROUND INFO Headquartered in Sunnyvale, California, Bloom Energy is a company that was founded in 2001 by K.R. Sridhar Bloom Energy has created an innovative technology that can change the way the world generates and consumes electricity The “Bloom Box” is a unique on site power generation system that uses new fuel cell technology with roots in NASA’s Mars program

58. What is the Bloom Box? A collection of fuel cells, skinny batteries that use oxygen and fuel to create electricity with no emissions made of sand that is baked into diskette-sized ceramic squares and painted with green and black ink The fuel cells are stacked into brick-sized towers sandwiched with metal alloy plates The Bloom Box consists of these fuel cell stacks that are housed in a refrigerator-sized unit

59. How does it work? Oxygen is drawn into one side of the unit, and fuel (fossil-fuel, bio-fuel, or even solar power can be used) is fed into the other side The two combine within the cell and produce a chemical reaction that creates energy with no burning, no combustion, and no power lines The device was originally invented to produce oxygen on Mars but when NASA scrapped the Mars mission, Sridhar reversed his Mars machine, pumping oxygen in, instead of making oxygen

60. Benefits Lower your energy costs and eliminate volatility Save the environment and save money Improve your energy security and reliability Start small and "pay as you grow" Get access to power quickly

61. Cost Cost is always a concern with fuel cells, as is round-the-clock, 24-7 functionality Bloom Energy still has to figure out how to mass-produce the unit and get its costs down low enough to outfit every home with a Bloom Box Sridhar says he eventually wants to get costs down to $2,000 per box

62. Hyperloop from Dubai to Fujairah UAE

63. Introduction and Background Hyperloop is fast becoming considered the future of transportation around the globe. It will soon be our fifth primary mode of transport (after aircraft, trains, boats and cars) and promises to provide fast, easy and environmentally friendly transportation which is cost effective as well. Hyperloop is emerging as a mode of transportation which will change the way we live together – literally moving passenger traffic and transport at supersonic speeds and bringing us all closer together. The Hyperloop System consists of two one-way low pressure tubes with capsules that transports passengers inside them between termini located at each end. Capsules can travel at both low and high speeds throughout the length of the tube. Passengers are allowed to enter and exit the capsules at stations located at either ends of the tube, or at the end of branches along the tube length. Capsules travel in air tight tubes over a low pressure air cushion and are propelled by magnetic linear accelerators fixed inside the low pressure tube and rotors fixed beneath each capsule.

64. The Government of Dubai is planning to build Hyperloop infrastructure in the near future between two great global cities, Dubai and Fujairah City in the neighboring Emirate of Fujairah. The government aims to reduce the transportation time between these two cities to 10 minutes from the current 1hr20mins over road transport. Build Earth Live 2016 challenges participants to imagine and design the world’s first Hyperloop system to connect Dubai and Fujairah City for seamless passenger and freight transport. Participants need to design two parallel Hyperloop systems, one for two-way passenger transport and second for two-way freight transport. The Hyperloop tubes and capsules for both transports should be different however both systems should be connected with the same termini. The Challenge

65. VIRTUAL POWER PLANT The  South Australian government will build  what it says is the world’s largest virtual power plant by rolling out solar panels and Tesla batteries to at least 50,000 homes. Installation is planned over the next four years, and those households will combine to create  the 100 MW virtual power plant . Energy generated from the solar panels will be stored in the Tesla batteries, and any excess energy will be fed back to the grid, which will be centrally controlled and provide energy to the rest of the state when required.

66. THANK YOU!