importance of Vital Signs-1. Body Temp..pptx

vital signs- Body Temperature, Pulse, Blood Pressure, Respiratory Rate, Po2..etc.....

1. How to asses Vital Signs Good Co-op from Pt, Instruments in good condition Hand Hygiene …. Body Temp , Bp , Pulse, R R .

2. Normal vital signs Vital Signs Normal Abnormal ↓ ↑ Temp. 97.8-98.6 F/37c ↓ (95)(35) ↑ (104) Pulse. -60-100bp/m ↓ ( 90/60 ↑ (100) Resp. 16-20/m ↓ (12) ↑ (20) Bp. 120/80mmhg) ↓ (90) ↓ 140 Po2- 95-100% ↓ 80

3. Vital Signs - Fever What is Fever ? Is it a disease ? When to treat ? How to treat ? What’s the Mechanism ?

4. Vital Signs - Fever What is Fever ? Fever is a disorder of Thermoregulation causing an elevation of body temp. more than 98.4F An increase in the Temp . of more than 1.5Fis termed Fever.

5. Temperature –Fever- PYREXIA it’s the most common presentation of any disease Normal body temp.37c/ 98.4F. its body’s natural defense action to fight against disease It slows down the growth of pathogens Boost Immune response. Increases Metabolic Rate & Accelerate Tissue Repair .

6. Physiological Body Temp. can also be raised due to various other reasons like Exercise Ovulation Menstruation, Early stages of Pregnancy etc. Temp. Above 100.4 F/38 c is considered to be fever The most accurate site of taking temp.is Oral / Rectal Than Axillary

7. Normal Mechanism- Body Temp. Hypothalamus – control & Regulate Body Temp . It act as Thermostat :- Keep Temp.at Normal Range by a thermoregulatory mechanism, maintain constant balance between heat loss & Heat production. Usually- When the body is Hot – It Signals cooling Mechanism (Exercise)-> Sweating/ increases Breath rate/ & Vasodilation When the body Temp.is Low – it signals Heating Mechanism  Release of Norepinephrine->Vasoconstriction, Acetyl choline-> Shivering.

8. Causses of Fever Infection Connective tissue disorders Vasculitis Malignancies Auto immune , Endocrinal, psychogenic, Miscellaneous-Traumatic, Enviornmental Most common cause is Infection -Fever is a result of inflammation when body fight against Infection

9. Pathophysiology/ Mechanism of Fever Infection / Injury Boost the Immuno-inflammatory Response  Immunoinflammatory Response  Macrophages/Kupfer cells/ Lymphocytes Cytokines- IL1, , IL6,IL10 TNF , = Pyrogens in to Circulation + Cox2 Enzyme  HypothalamusPG-E2 Thermo Regulatory Neurons Vasoconstriction Increases Body Temp. : Vasoconstriction, Shivering Body Temp. is increased.

10. Mechanism of Fever

11. Mechanism of Fever

12. Body Temperature & Age Groups- Flow chart Age group 1-2 yrs 3-10 yrs 11-65 yrs >65 yrs fever oral N/A 35.5-37.5C 95.9-99.6F 36.4-37.5C 97.6-99.6F 35.7-36.9C 96.4-98.5F 37.7c Rectal (+1) 36.6-38C 99-100.4 36.6-38C 99-100.4 37-38.1C 98.6-100.4F 36.2-37.3C 97.1-99.2 38c/ 101F Axillary( -1) 34.7-37.3C 94.5-99.1F 35.8-36.7C 96.6-98F 35.2-36.8C 95.3-98.4F 35.5-36.3C 96-97.4F 37c Ear/tympanic 36.4-38C 97.5-100.4F 36.1-37.7C 97-100F 35.8-37.6C 96.699.7F 35.7-37.5C 96.4-99.5F 38c CORE 36-37.5c 36.4-37.7C 97.5-100F 36.4-37.7C 97.5-100F 36.8-37.8C 98.2-100.2F 35.8-37.1C 96.6-98.8F

13. Types of Fever Intermittent Remittent Continuous / sustained Relapsing

14. precaution Continuous Monitoring Cooling interventions Ventilation Medication o/E:- if the Body Temp. is above 104/40C  Mental Confusion Seizures Severe Brain Damage

15. Convertion Celsius = ( F-32)x5/9  Fahrenheit= (9/5xc)+32