Improved_Indian_Constitution_Presentation_Class_8.pptx

Indian constitution

1. The Indian Constitution A Guide for Class 8 Students

2. What is a Constitution? A Constitution is a set of rules and principles that govern a country. It defines the structure, powers, and functions of government institutions.

3. History Adopted on January 26, 1950 Drafted by the Constituent Assembly, led by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar

4. Key Features Longest written Constitution in the world Contains 448 articles, 25 parts, and 12 schedules Federal in structure with a unitary bias

5. The Preamble Introduction to the Constitution States the objectives: Justice, Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity

6. Fundamental Rights Rights every citizen is entitled to: - Right to Equality - Right to Freedom - Right against Exploitation - Right to Freedom of Religion - Cultural and Educational Rights - Right to Constitutional Remedies

7. Fundamental Duties Duties of every citizen: - Respect the Constitution - Cherish the heritage - Protect the environment

8. Directive Principles Guidelines for the government to create social and economic conditions for citizens Examples: - Providing adequate means of livelihood - Securing a living wage - Ensuring children's right to education

9. Structure of Government Three branches: - Legislature - Executive - Judiciary Legislature makes laws, Executive implements laws, Judiciary interprets laws

10. The Legislature Parliament of India: - Lok Sabha (House of the People) - elected by the people - Rajya Sabha (Council of States) - represents states

11. The Executive President, Prime Minister, and Council of Ministers President is the head of state, Prime Minister is the head of government

12. The Judiciary Supreme Court, High Courts, and District Courts Supreme Court is the highest judicial body

13. Amendments The Constitution can be amended to address changing needs Example: 42nd Amendment (1976) added the words "Socialist" and "Secular"

14. Significance Ensures rule of law Protects fundamental rights Promotes justice and equality

15. Conclusion The Constitution is the supreme law of India It guides the country's governance and protects citizens' rights

16. Q&A Invite questions from the audience Provide answers and clarifications