INDIAN CONSTITUTION.pptx

Indian Constitution ppt for nurses

1. INDIAN CONSTITUTION 1

2. INTRODUCTION Supreme law of India Lays down the frame work defining fundamental, political principles, establishing the structure, procedures, powers and duties of the government. Spells out the fundamental rights, directive, principles and duties of citizens. 2

3. DEFINITI ON Probably no other nation’s constitution has provided so much impetus toward changing and rebuilding society for the common good. -Constitutional scholar Grasville Austin 3

4. Adopted by the constituent assembly of I ndia on 26 th November 1949 Effective on 26 th January 1950 Laid the foundations for establishing of sovereign democratic republic of India. 4

5. IMPORTANCE OF CONSTITUTION Lays down the basic structure of government Establishes the main organs of government the executive, the legislature and the judiciary. Demarcates the responsibilities. Regulates the relationship between the different organs, between the government of the people. 5

6. FEATURES OF THE CONSTITUTION Draws extensively from western legal traditions Enunciation of the principles of liberal democracy Elaborates principles reflecting aspirations to end the inequities of tradition, social relations and enhance the social welfare of the population. 6

7. AMENDMENTS OF THE CONSTITUTION By a simple majority of the parliament By special majority of the parliament (2/3 majority) By special majority of the parliament and ratification of at least half of the state legislatures by special majority Sent to the president for his assent. 7

8. DRAFTING OF THE CONSTITUTION The constitution was drafted over a period of 2 years, 11 month and 17days. The members of constituent assembly of India met for the first time in the year 1946 on December 9. Assembly took place on August 14 th 1947 for the dominion of India for the proposal of forming various committees. Fundamental rights committee Union powers committee Union constitution committee 8

9. CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY The constituent assembly of India was formed by the elected members of the provincial assemblies of the country. Presided by Dr. Sachidanand Sinha for the first time the Indian constituent assembly played the most important role in creating the constitution of India. After Dr. Sinha , Dr. Rajendra Prasad became the president of the assembly. Comprising over 30 schedule class members, the constituent assembly also included sections of Christians, Anglo – Indians and minority community. 9

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11. Cont- Harendra Coomar Mookerjee , being the minority community chairman, also successfully worked for the Christians. While H. P. Modi was representative of the Parsi community, Frank Antonym headed the Anglo – Indian section of the country in the constituent assembly. 11

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13. : IMPORTANCE OF THE PREAMBLE: The preamble highlights the fundamental values and guiding principles. The first word of the preamble – We the people signifies power is ultimately vested in the hands of the people of India. The preamble lays down the most important national goals which every citizen and the government must try to achieve such as socialism, secularism and national integration. 13

14. EXPLANATION OF SOME OF THE IMPORTANT WORDS IN THE PREAMBLE: SOVEREIGN: Sovereign means supreme or Independent. India is internally and externally sovereign – externally free from the control of any foreign power and internally, it has a free government which is directly elected by the people and makes laws that govern the people . SOCIALIST: The word socialist was added to the preamble by the 42 nd amendment act of 1976. It implies equality of all religions and religious tolerance. 14

15. Every person has the right to preach, practice and propagate any religion they choose. It must treat all religions with equal respect. All citizens, irrespective of their religious beliefs are equal in the eyes of law. No religious instruction is imparted in government or government aided schools. India does not have an official state religion. 15

16. DEMOCRATIC: India is a democracy. The people of India elect their governments at all levels by a system of universal adult franchise (permission). Every citizen of India who is 18 years of age and above and not otherwise debarred by law, is essential to vote. Every citizen enjoys this right without any discrimination on the basis of caste, creed, colour , sex, religion or education. REPUBLIC: As opposed to a monarchy. Head of state is appointed on hereditary basis for a lifetime or directly or indirectly for a fixed tenure. 16

17. President of India is elected by an electoral college for a term of five years. CRITICISMS: The constitution of India differs from other western constitutions, from which it has derived inspiration, in the fact that it stipulates the supremacy of the legislature as the supreme law making body of the land. In that respect, it renders the legislative arm of government nominally more powerful than either the executive or the judiciary. 17

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19. STRUCTURE OF INDIAN CONSTITUTION: 19 103 5 JANUARY 14 th 2019

20. PARTS OF INDIAN CONSTITUTION 20 I. The Union and States, their borders II - Citizenship III - Fundamental Rights IV- Directive Principles of State policy IV A- Fundamental duties. V - The Union Government VI - The State Governments VII - ( Deleted by 7th Amendment) VIII- The Union Territories IX- The Panchayats IX A- The Municipalities IX B- The Co operative Societies

21. Cont- X - The Scheduled and Tribal areas XI - Relations between the Union and States XII - Finance, Property, Contracts and Suits XIII- Trade, Commerce and Intercourse within the territory of India XIV - Services under the Union and States XIV A- Tribunals XV - Elections XVI - Special provisions relating to certain classes XVII - Official language XVIII - Emergency provisions XIX - Miscellaneous XX - Amendment of the Constitution XXI - Temporary, transitional and Special provisions XXII - Short Title and Commencements. 21

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23. Schedules in Indian constitution 23 SCHEDULE NO SCHEDULE 1 STATES AND UNION TERRITORIES 2 EMOLUMENTS FOR HIGH LEVEL OFFICIALS( SALARY) 3 FORMS OF OATH 4 DETAILS OF ALLOCATION OF SEATS IN RAJYA SABHA / STATE OR UNION TERRITORIES 5 PROVIDES FOR THE ADMINISTRATION AND CONTROL OF SCHEDULE AREAS AND TRIBES. 6. PROVISIONS FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF TRIBAL AREAS IN ASSAM

24. Cont- 7 UNION STATE AND CONCURRENT LIST OF RESPONSIBILITIES 8 OFFICIAL LANGUAGES 9 LAND AND TENURE REFORMS 10 ANTIDEFECTION PROVISIONS FOR MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT AND OF THE STATE LEGISLATURES 11 PANCHAYATI RAJ 12 MUNICIPALITIES 24

25. FUNDEMENTAL RIGHTS AND DUTIES: 25

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27. INDIAN ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEM HISTORY: The Indian Administrative Service (IAS) was formed in the year of 1946. It is one of the three All India Services.(The other two are Indian Forest Services and Indian Police Services) The cadre controlling authority is Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances & Pension, Department of Personnel & Training. The selected candidates' training ground is at  Lal Bahadur Shastri National Academy of Administration 27

28. II) EVOLUTION OF THE INDIAN ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEM: Kingdoms existed in India several hundred years B.C. In the earlier era the civil servants performed the role of servants of the king . ( Kautilya’s Arthshastra describes the civil service and lays down various norms 300 B.C. to 1000 A.D) Medieval period - State servants . The land revenue system was established during the Moghul period. The East Indian Company has a civil service to carry out their commercial functions. 28

29. Cont- During the British rule- as servants to the Crown , gradually -‘ Public Servants ’. The British government set up the Indian civil service, primarily with the objective of strengthening the British administration in the UK. In this period the role of the civil services was to further the British interest and the role was totally regulatory . Later on as development roles . After the force of the Constitution, the public services as IAS . 29

30. DESIGNATIONS: IAS officers time scales: Junior time scale(entry level) Senior time scale(four years of service) equivalent to an under secretary Junior administrative grade(nine years of service) – deputy secretaries Selection grade (13 years of service) – directors Joint secretary Secretary – highest rank Cabinet secretary.   30

31. THE EXISTING ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEM IN INDIA: The civil service system is the backbone of the administrative machinery of the country. At the central level, the civil services include All-India services Indian Administrative Service Indian Forest Service Indian Police Service. Various central services Indian Income Tax Service, Indian Railway Services Three tiers of administration- Union Government, State Governments and the Local governments. 31

32. ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE OF THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA: PRESIDENT    VICE PRESIDENT   PRIME MINISTER COUNCIL OF MINISTERS   MINISTER MINISTER MINISTER     SECRETORY ADDITIONAL SECRETORY JOINT SECRETORY 32

33. THE ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE OF THE STATE GOVERNMENT GOVERNOR   CHIEF MINISTER COUNCIL OF MINISTER    MINISTER MINISTER MINISTER   SECRETORY ADDITIONAL SECRETORY   JOINT SECRETORY 33

34. DISTRICT ADMINISTRATION : 34

35. LOCAL SELF GOVERNMENT-URBAN 35

36. LOCAL SELF GOVERNMENT-RURAL 36

37. DIVISIONS IN INDIAN ADMINISTRATION 37 28 STATES, 8 UNION TERRITORIES ELECTED GOVERNMENT - CHIEF MINISTER GOVERNOR – APPOINTED BY THE PRESIDENT OF INDIA

38. CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS OF INDIA 9 IMPORTANT CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS. Abolition of states according to classes and the instruction of union territories and reorganization of states by language (1956). The mini-constitution (42 amendment) inserted socialism and secularism in the preamble, a provision on fundamental (1976) Right to property deleted (1978) Law of defection (1985) Voting age reduced to 18 (1989) 38

39. Cont- 6. Introduction of nagar palikas and municipalities (1993) 7. Free and compulsory education – 6-14yrs children(2002) 8. Laws relating to socially, economically backward classes, schedule castes, tribes in public and private higher educational institutions (2014) 9. Introduction of goods and service tax (GST) 2016 103 rd amendment- Economic reservation in India 13 th Jan 2018. The citizenship Amendment Act 2019 39

40. ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS OF NURSING SERVICES AND EDUCATION AT NATIONAL STATES, DISTRICT AND INSTITUTIONS, HOSPITAL AND COMMUNITY 40

41. ORGANIZATION OF HEALTH CARE AT CENTER LEVEL 41 UNION MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE COUNCIL OF HEALTH CENTRE FAMILY WELFARE COUNCIL

42. FUNCTIONS 42

43. 2. CENTRE FAMILY WELFARE COUNCIL Deals with family welfare matters. 3. CENTRE COUNCIL FOR HEALTH Advisory, guiding and coordinating function. Recommends broad lines of policy on all matters of health Proposal for legislation Distribution of grant-in-aid. Development as a whole. 43

44. AT STATE LEVEL 44

45. STATE MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE - Political responsibilities of administration and management. HEALTH SECRETARIAT- Functions Official organ of ministry. Helps ministers in formulation, review and modification of board policy outlines. Execution of policies. Co-ordination- Government & states Control of administrative functioning 45

46. STATE HEALTH DIRECTORATE FUNCTIONS Providing curative and preventive service. Control & Sanitation – Milk and food Prevention of outbreak Laboratories establishment and maintenance, preparation of vaccines Promotion of health Education Vital statistics FUNCTIONS OF UNIVERSITIES: 46

47. AT DISTRICT LEVEL AT VILLAGE LEVEL-PANCHAYATI RAJ: 47

48. INSTITUTIONAL LEVEL AT HOSPITAL ORGANIZATION OF NURSING SERVICES AND EDUCATION Director of Nursing Function- Administration and co-ordination Nursing Superintendent Functions: Aims, Objectives and policies Planning and directing nursing services Staffing Maintaining supplies and equipments Budgeting Records and reports 48

49. Nursing Supervisor Function- General administration and co-ordination Head nurse/Nursing Tutor Staff Nurse/Clinical instructor Student Nurse POLICIES AND PROCEDURES FUNCTIONS OF HOSPITAL IN NURSING SERVICES AND EDUCATION 49

50. AT COMMUNITY- PHC DEFINITION: PHC is the basic structural and functional unit of public health services for rendering primary health care in peripheral areas. Elements of PHC: E- Ensure safe water supply L- Locally endemic disease control E- Education/ Expanded program on immunization M-Maternal and child health E-Environmental sanitation N- Nutritional services T- Treatment of minor ailments S- School health services 50

51. PRINCIPLES OF PHC- CoFIEA STANDARDS OF PHC- According to Indian Public health standards-IPHS Population – 20000-30000 6 beds Building Man power Equipments Drugs Other facilities 51

52. OBJECTIVES OF IPHS FOR PHC To provide comprehensive primary health care to the community through PHCs. To achieve and maintain an acceptable standards of quality care. To make the services more responsible and sensitive to the needs of the community. 52

53. STAFFING PATTERN 53 STAFF EXISTING RECOMMENDED MEDICAL OFFICER 1 4 ( 1 FEMALE ATLEAST) AYUSH PRACTITIONER - 1 ACCOUNTANT MANAGER - 1 PHARMACIST 1 2 NURSE MIDWIFE(STAFF NURSE) 1 7 HEALTH WORKER 1 1 HEALTH EDUCATOR 1 1 HEALTH ASSISTANT M/F 2 2 CLERKS 2 2 LAB TECHNICIAN 1 2 DRIVER 1 OPTIONAL/VEHICLE MAY BE FROM OUTSIDE CLASS IV 4 4

54. COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTERS Established and maintained by minimum need program and Basic minimum service Population 80000-120000 30 indoor beds Facilities- x-ray, labor room, OT, and laboratory. Managed by 4 medical specialists- Surgeon, physician, gynecologist and pediatrician 54

55. Definition of CHC is the nonprofit community governed health organizations that provide primary health care, health promotion and community development services, using them interdisciplinary terms of health providers. Principles of CHC Excellence Innovation Accountability Collaboration Accessibility Integrity Environment 55

56. ELEMENTS Primary care Illness prevention Health promotion Community capacity building Service integration STANDARD of CHC IPHS standards to be followed to provide quality care. CHCs SERVICES: Routine and emergency medical and surgical cases 24 hour delivery services, safe abortion, Newborn care National health programs 56

57. 57 THANK YOU