Indian Traditional Knowledge: Astronomy.pptx

Indian Traditional Knowledge

1. PRESENENTED BY- Prof. US Lunkhead TOPIC – HOW PANCHANG IS CONNECTED WITH SCIENCE

2. DO YOU KNOW WHAT IS PANCHANG? IT HELPS BY TELLING US TO SYNCHRONIZE ACTIONS AND REDUCE OBSTACLES “PANCH” means “five” and “ANG” means “parts” in SANSKRIT

3. RASHI Panchang simply translates to "five pieces." Rashi, Nakshatra, Tithi, Yoga, and Karana are the components.

4. NAKSHATRAS MEANS CONSTELLATIONS (तारामंडल) Ecliptic is divided into 27 equal parts is Nakshatra. List: The 27 Nakshatras include Ashwini, Bharani, Krittika, Rohini, Mrighasira, Ardra, Punarvasu, Pushya, Ashlesha, Magha, Purva Phalguni, Uttara Phalguni, Hasta, Chitra, Swati, Vishaka, Anuradha, Jyestha, Moola, Purvashada, Uttarashada, Sharavan, Dhanishta, Shatabisha, Purvabhadra, Uttarabhadra, and Revati.

5. SUNRISE ON 7:00 AM ROHINI NAKSHATRA ON MOON REMAINS FOR 6 HOURS AFTER SUNSET IT MEANS 7+6=13, AT 13:00 AM MEANS 1:00 AM THE NAKSHATRA WOULD CHANGE FROM ROHINI NAKSHATRA TO MARGSHIRA NAKSHATRA.

6. MOVES 1 degrees MOVES 13 degrees

7. 1 degrees 12 degrees DIFFERENCE B/W SUN AND MOON :- 13 degrees Tithi plays imp role as its determines most of religious festivals & functions in India. its difference of longitudes of moon & sun divied by 12.

8. KARANAS HALF of part of Tithi is known as KARANA . Everyday’s difference between SUN and MOON , i.e. 12degree had to be divided with 6 to obtain KARANA . It means 12 should be divided by 6 to receive KARANA . So we receive 2 and therefore we have 2 KARANAS in 1 day .

9. WE WILL COMPARE PANCHANG AND SCIENCE ON THE BASIS OF WEATHER OF 2016, MONTHS NAME AND SOLAR ECLIPSES. SO THAT WE CAN BE SURE THAT ARE THEY BOTH CONNECTED.

10. PANCHANG SAYS ABOUT WEATHER FOR YEAR 2016: There will be adequate rainfall in the country, but at some places the rainfall will be excessive. There is the possibility of one or two droughts in the year. 3. BIHAR, ODISHA, WEST BENGAL, and UTTAR PARDESH are the regions where rainfall will be both adequate and excessive.

11. SCIENCE SAYS ABOUT WEATHER FOR YEAR 2016: 1 . There is a great possibility of high rainfall in some regions of INDIA. 2. This year there is a great possibility of adequate rainfall at proper time in INDIA. 3. 2016 can be among the hottest years in records but not the hottest.

12. EXCESSIVE RAINFALL ADEQUATE RAINFALL DROUGHT

13. COMPARISON ON THE BASIS OF MONTHS NAME. PANCHANG OR HINDU CALENDAR HAD SET IT’S MONTHS NAME ACCORDING TO NAKSHATRAS NAME.

14. SHRAVAN NAKSHATRA THE NAKSHATRA FOUNDED ON THE EAST OF SUNRISE WOULD BE THE MONTH’S NAME. LIKE ‘SHRAVAN NAKSHATRA’ Months Name ‘SHARAVAN’

15. January:  named after Janus, the god of doors and gates February:  named after Februalia, a time period when sacrifices were made to atone for sins March:  named after Mars, the god of war April:  from  aperire,  Latin for “to open” (buds) May:  named after Maia, the goddess of growth of plants June:  from  junius,  Latin for the goddess Juno July:  named after Julius Caesar in 44 B.C. August:  named after Augustus Caesar in 8 B.C. September:  from  septem,  Latin for “seven” October:  from  octo,  Latin for “eight” November:  from  novem,  Latin for “nine” December:  from  decem,  Latin for “ten”

16. THE EARLIEST LATIN CALENDAR WAS A 10-MONTH ONES, BEGINNING WITH MARCH; THUS, SEPTEMBER WAS THE SEVENTH MONTH, OCTOBER WAS THE EIGHTH ETC. JULY WAS ORIGINALLY QUINTILLS MEANING FIFTH. AUGUST WAS CALLED SIXTILLS MEANS SIXTH. IMPORTANT NOTE ON CALENDAR

17. THE LAST COMPARISON BETWEEN PANCHANG AND SCIENCE IS OF SOLAR ECLIPSES. WHAT DOES PANCHANG AND SCIENCE SAYS ABOUT SOLAR ECLIPSE?

18. SCIENCE - Eclipses have absolutely no effect on the planet at all that is any different then the effects the sun and the moon cause daily. The reason is that the positions which produce eclipses are simply a matter of perspective rather than a change in behavior. An eclipse is a shadow and that is all. PANCHANG - Eclipses are a great time to stay in, meditate, and do your inner work.  In fact, they provide an especially rich opportunity to connect with spirit because the ‘veils’ are thin. The truth according to Vedic Astrology is that eclipses can be a terrible time to start or end projects, relationships, jobs, or any other important thing in the material world.

19. Astronomy Astronomy is the study of everything in the universe beyond Earth's atmosphere.

20. The celestial bodies have no relationship to the society or the culture, except that they influence climatic conditions, rainfall, etc. The Sun, for instance, is imagined as nothing but an inert matter consisting of material and radiating a large amount of energy. Knowledge of astronomy was widely used by all sections of Indian society, not just by the subject matter experts. Villagers, farmers, arts, and craftsmen and householders would know the meaning of Rāśi (Zodiac Sign), Nakşatra (Star), and months of the calendar, and certain details about every day (Pañcānga). They developed some understanding of how seasons are formed, as seasonal changes affect economic activities such as farming, and the general health of individuals. UNIQUE ASPECTS OF INDIAN ASTRONOMY

21. This is common knowledge, even if the citizens are not educated in modern methods. There are cultural-religious aspects Knowledge of astronomy was widely used by all sections of Indian society. The celestial entities are an integral part of all living beings on Earth. There is a strong sense of mutual dependence between the earthly and the celestial entities. UNIQUE ASPECTS OF INDIAN ASTRONOMY

22. The Vedic living required methods for fixing an auspicious time for performing various rituals and activities. Knowledge of the cardinal directions is also required to set the Vedic altars. In ancient times, there were two major wealth-generating activities: Agriculture and Trade. Agriculture was the main driver of the economy and wealth creation. Ability to predict the weather conditions and understand the mechanism of season formation was a key requirement to improve agricultural productivity. The other economic activity is related to international trade. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIAN ASTRONOMY

23. Celestial Coordinate System. Ecliptic is an imaginary line depicting the sun movement around the earth.

24. Celestial Coordinate System.

25. Astronomical Instruments (Yantras)

26. Astronomical Instruments (Yantras)