Indonesia: The Untold Stories

Interesting data and facts that will make you feel more proud and love Indonesia. Premiere edition of information about Indonesia's natural wonders and potentials, what it stands and what so unique about this archipelago.

2. DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF INFORMATION AND PUBLIC COMMUNICATION
MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES

3. WORDS OF REMARKS
INDONESIA THE UNTOLD STORIES
The Ministry of Communication and Information Technology is proud to present this
publication to the public containing various treasure the country has that perhaps many of
us know little about. That is why we title this publication as Indonesia; The Untold Stories.
Over many years of development and in pursuit of our own identity, we have come to
realize that many information, history, geography, anthropology, culture, national treasure
and many more nation’s belongings we learnt from the west. In fact, our existence as
a nation which dated back to thousands of years ago had very little place in the world
history. Only after foreign settlement in Indonesia, we then began our nation and all its vast
diversity being told to the public.
Naturally we have been grateful to all those explorer, historians, and many more foreign
discoverers who have been passionate enough to write about our country. Nevertheless,
to further give us a sense of unity or our own identity, the Ministry aims at publishing this
book to seek wisdom from our own identity. It is with this purpose we hope to accomplish
a clear path towards our destiny and help develope a direction for the future path towards
prosperity.
We hope this publication will bring about pride and joy to everyone who simply never
ceases to be amazed about this country, what it stands for and what make it so special
to all of us.
Enjoy reading and God Bless Indonesia.
FREDDY H. TULUNG
DIRECTOR GENERAL OF
INFORMATION AND PUBLIC
COMMUNICATION
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
i

4. FOREWORD
Geography is destiny. This book called INDONESIA THE UNTOLD
STORIES is the premiere series of publication about the country’s best
kept secrets information that astonishes not just every Indonesian, but the
world alike.
This coffee table style and format is designed to ease and entertain readers
with picturesque and easy to digest content of all ages and walks of life.
Indonesia which spans over 5,000 kilometers from east to west or
equivalent range of Vladivostok to Sweden is a country of endless
wonders and diversity waiting to be discovered. Out of 17,500 islands less
than 6% even have names. No wonder if Indonesia is called with many
precious phrases; from the jewels of equator, the amazon of the sea, the
most diverse rainforest, and most of all the custodian of coral reef triangle.
Our oceans contribute over 30% of air all creatures breathe in this planet.
With so much to write about this country, we are confident that we will
follow production of the next series and will welcome contributions, critics
or even some photographic materials to enrich our library.
We wish to acknowledge a special friend from Good News From Indonesia
movement who relentlessly strive to spread the good news about this
country.
Please also join us in wishing all of Indonesian the very best and may this
book brings the best of us; today, tomorrow and beyond.
DEDET SURYA NANDIKA
DIRECTOR OF INFORMATION
MANAGEMENT AND PROVISION
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
ii

5. INDONESIA THE UNTOLD STORIES
EDITOR IN CHIEF
Freddy H. Tulung
REDACTOR
Dedet Surya Nandika
EDITOR
Rosmiati
WRITERS
Teguh Imawan
Akhyari Hananto (GNFI)
Dimas Aditya Nugraha
Suminto Yuliarso
Farida Dewi Maharani
Riana Riskinandini
Nuniek Aprianti Wibowo
Renita Sukma
Yusri Sinambela
Titania Nurrahim
Bayu Dwi Purnomo
Dadang Sutrisna
Agus Setia Budiawan
SECRETARIAT
Heryadi
Naca
Tri Murwanti
Syafaat
Rokayah
Lucy Tri Amintasari
Yudi Syahrial
Hanrosboy
Atikah
Aida Susilowati
GRAPHIC DESAINER
Agus Kustiwa
M Sabur
Danang Firmansyah
TRANSLATORS
Ermiel Thabrani
Muhammad Azhar Iskandar Zainal
Septa Dewi Anggraeni
Donum Theo
Filmon Leonard Warouw
Penni Patmawati Rusman
Rina Alexandra
Siti Chodijah
Sugiarti
Wilda Stiana
Directorate of Information Management and Provision
Directorate General of Information and Public Communication
Ministry of Communication and Information Technology
Republic of Indonesia
[email protected]
www.kominfo.go.id
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
iii

6. TABLE OF CONTENT
WORDS OF REMARKS
FOREWORD
46 YEARS TRAVELING AROUND INDONESIA
INDONESIA IS AS LARGE AS EUROPE
THERE ARE 707 LANGUAGES IN INDONESIA
5 MOST SPOKEN LANGUAGES IN INDONESIA
INDONESIANS FOR MANKIND
RUN ISLAND, MOLUCCAS,
MORE VALUABLE THAN MANHATTAN, NEW YORK
SPICES TO SPICE UP LIVES
MOUNT TAMBORA ERUPTION
THE LAND OF WEDHUS GEMBEL
LIVING HARMONIOUSLY WITH CALAMITY
LAKE TOBA, ONE OF THE WORLD’S TOP TEN DEEPEST LAKE
TROWULAN, TEMPLE OF THE LARGEST KINGDOM IN SOUTH EAST ASIA
PINISI, THE CONQUEROR OF SEVEN OCEANS
A GLIMPSE OF INDONESIAN OVERSEAS
HERBAL INDONESIA
INDONESIAN APHRODISIAC BLEND
LUWAK COFFEE, THE MOST EXPENSIVE COFFEE IN THE WORLD
THE GREEN GOLD OF INDONESIA
GIGANTIC LEAVES
BIODIVERSITY
THE LAST JURASSIC ANIMAL ON EARTH
INDONESIA: THE WORLD’S GREATEST FAUNA HABITAT
i
ii
1
3
5
7
9
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
40
41
45
47
49
51
52
53
55
56
57
59
61
63
65
66
67
69
71
75
77
79
80
81
83
85
87
INDONESIA’S CONTRIBUTION TOWARDS WORLD PEACE
THE ROLE OF INDONESIA IN INTERNATIONAL FORUM
CHAMPION OF DEMOCRACY
INDONESIA DEMOCRACY INDEX (IDI)
BENGAWAN SOLO, AND TO THE DISTANT THE RIVER FLOWS
ECHOES OF GAMELAN UNDER THE FEET OF EIFFEL TOWER
INDONESIAN TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
PENCAK SILAT FOR THE WORLD
CIMANDE VILLAGE, THE BIRTHPLACE OF FAMOUS PENCAK SILAT
OLD TRADITIONS NEVER FADE AWAY
NELSON MANDELA PROMOTED BATIK IN UNITED NATIONS
KOTEKA AND PAPUA
INDIGENOUS INDONESIAN
QUAKEPROOF TRADITIONAL HOUSES
TRI HITA KARANA, ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION TRADITION
INDONESIA, A NATION OF 1000 TEMPLES
STANDING THROUGH THE TEST OF TIME
TRIBUTES TO THE LATE AND ETERNAL SOULS
INDONESIA CYBER WAVESCAPE
ON-LINE CONTINUOUS CONNECTIVITY
DINAMIKA MEDIA MASSA MUTAKHIR
BANGKA AND BELITUNG’S TIN ON WORLD’S PHONES
INDONESIA: A TREASURE ISLAND
LIST OF ILLUSTRATION SOURCES
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
iv

7. 92
frontier
small
islands
THE WORLD LARGEST
ARCHIPELAGO
BETWEEN TWO
CONTINENTS; ASIA
AND AUSTRALA
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
1
If we take one day trip on every island, it will take 46 years to end the trip across the archipelago.
The distance between the
tip to the top of Indonesia
is longer than the
continental US.
46 YEARS
TRAVELING AROUND INDONESIA

8. Inhabited
Uninhabited
islands registered at the
United Nations
Total number
of islands
Sources: Ministr y of Marines Af fairs and Fisheries Af fairs
87.62%
12.38%
13,466
17,480
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
2
INDONESIAN ARCHIPELAGO :
7.7 MILLION

KM
2
COASTLINES
95,181 KM
1.9 MILLION
KM
2
(25%)
LAND AREA
5.8 MILLION
KM
2
(75%)
SEA AREA

9. BORNEO
539,460 KM
2
1
SUMATERA
443,066 KM
2
2
JAVA
138,794 KM
2
5
10 PROVINCES
119 REGENCIES
34 CITIES
6 PROVINCES
85 REGENCIES
34 CITIES
5 PROVINCES
47 REGENCIES AND
9 CITIES
NAGARI SIKABU-
KABU TANJUANG
HARO PADANG
PANJANG, IN
LIMA PULUH
KOTA REGENCY,
WEST SUMATERA
PROVINCE,
is THE LONGEST NAME FOR
ADMINISTRATIVE AREA IN
INDONESIA BANTEN, WEST
PAPUA, EAST
BORNEO, NORTH
BORNEO AND
NORTH MOLUCCAS
are Indonesian provinces THAT
DO NOT MAKE THEIR BIGGEST
CITIES THEIR CAPITAL CITIES
INDONESIA IS AS LARGE AS EUROPE
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
3
The
archipelago
stretches
farther than the
the continental
of US

10. 6
BALI & NUSA TENGGARA
CELEBES
180,681 KM
2
4
PAPUA
421,981 KM
2
3
3 PROVINCES
37 REGENCIES
4 CITIES
6 PROVINCES
65 REGENCIES
11 CITIES
MOLUCCAS & PAPUA:
4 PROVINCES
57 REGENCIES
6 CITIES
MERAUKE
DISTRICT
is THE FAR EAST DISTRICT
IN INDONESIA, AND ALSO
THE BIGGEST (45,071
KM2), or more than 14
TIMES LARGER THAN
YOGYAKARTA SPECIAL
DISTRICT’S AREA (3,185,80
KM
2
)
INDONESIA
34 PROVINCES
410 REGENCIES
98 CITIES
Source: Ministr y of Home Af fairs
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
4
1. Greenland : 2,166,086 km²
2. Papua Island (including New Guinea) : 890,000 km²
3. Borneo Island (Including Malaysia & Brunei) : 743,330 km²
4. Madagascar 587,041 km²
5. Baffin Island 507,451 km²
6. Sumatera : 443,065.8 km
2
7. Honshu : 230,500 km²
8. Great Britain : 218,595 km²
9. Victoria Island: 217,291 km²
10. Ellesmere Island: 196,235 km
2
OF INDONESIA’S MAJOR ISLANDS
ARE IN THE TOP TEN LARGEST
ISLANDS IN THE WORLD

11. The world speaks over 7,105
languages and 10% or 707 of
them are spoken in Indonesia. One
single island Papua New Guinea
is home to 836 languages and
dialects. All these come with vast
cultural and ethnic diversity.
THERE ARE 707 LANGUAGES IN INDONESIA
languages in
the world
languages
in Europe
languages
in Indonesia
languages in
Asia7,105
2,304
284
707
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
5

12. According to www.internetworldstat.com
Bahasa Indonesia is the
most popular language in cyberspace.
LANGUAGE
CENTERS
Bahasa Indonesia or Indonesian
Language is taught in
“Selamat malam hadirin sekalian, selamat berpisah
dan sampai bertemu lagi di lain waktu (Good night
people, goodbye and until we meet again)” is the voice
of I LYA S H A RU N, speaking in Bahasa Indonesia,
taped in a gold record in VOYAGER I spaceship.
The ship was launched by NASA in 1977 and has
now reached the outer border of our solar system.
The record was put in Voyager I spaceship as an
anticipation of alien encounter, if the ship is accidently
caught by extraterestrial beings.
8 MOST
THERE ARE 707 LANGUAGES IN INDONESIA
Sources : Summer Institute of Linguistics
International; global.britanica.com
SPOKEN LANGUAGE IN
THE WORLD
BAHASA INDONESIA
IS THE
IN 48
COUNTRIES
SINCE DECEMBER 1997,
BAHASA INDONESIA HAS BECOME THE
IN HO CHI MINH CITY, VIETNAM.
It means that Bahasa Indonesia is equal to
English, French, and Japanese, as prioritised
second languages.
SECOND

OFFICIAL LANGUAGE
Right now, there are over than
in Bahasa Indonesia.
IT WILL BE INCREASED BY 5,000
FROM NEW ADOPTED WORDS.
93,000
VOCABULARIES
TH
TH
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
6

13. BORNEO
The number of dialects is
CELEBES
The number of dialects is
In Sumatera,
every 50
Km apart,
a different
language
or dialect is
spoken.
In February 20013, Balinese language is added
to Google translation feature in addition to the
existing Javanese and Bahasa Indonesia
SUMATERA
The number of dialect is
5 MOST SPOKEN
LANGUAGES IN INDONESIA
JAVA & BALI
The number of dialects is
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
7

14. JAVANESE LANGUAGE
(75.5 MILLION)
SUNDANESE LANGUAGE (27 MILLION)
MALAY LANGUAGE
(20 MILLION)
MADURANESE LANGUAGE
(13.6 MILLION)
MINANGKABAU LANGUAGE
(6.5 MILLION)
NUSA
TENGGARA
The number of dialects is
MOLUCCAS
The number of dialects is
PAPUA
The number of dialects is
154
Source :
Summer Institute of Linguistics International
MOST SPOKEN
DIALECTS
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
8
ETHNIC DIALECTS
SPOKEN BY LESS THAN
10 PEOPLE :
• Lengilu
• Hoti
• Piru
• Hukumina
• Hulung
• Bonerif and
• Woria

15. INDONESIANS
FOR MANKIND
Distinguished scholar, scientists and former
President of Indonesia made remarkable
contribution to mankind.
BACHRUDDIN
JUSUF HABIBIE
Indonesia’s third President
is also a renown aeronautic
engineer who holds 46
global patents.
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
9

16. “HABIBIE THEOREM”
In the history of aircraft making, until Habibie’s theory of
CRACK PROGRESSION was discovered and published,
it was not exactly known that an aircraft overtime can
produce a metal fatigue which can be fatal if early detection
method was not in place. His theory has made air travel
safer, more efficient and easier to maintain.
His theory also further extend the cruising capacity of
an airline (longer distance), fuel efficiency and carrying
capacity. All this is because his theory improve the aircraft
weight factor. In other words, the weight of an aircraft is
reduced but the carrying capacity and distance coverage is
increased. It makes a lot of economic sense, because less
is more.
VERTICAL PLANE
Habibie was entrusted to design a whole new aircraft alone.
One of his masterpiece is the PROTOTYPE DO-31, a first
propeller plane which is capable of taking off and landing
vertically. This project was developed by HFB and Dornier
industry. The design was later purchased by the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration USA (NASA).
WORLD-CLASS CEO
He was the only non German native who sat as
the second in command in the biggest aircraft
manufacturer located in Hamburg, Germany.
A BRAIN BEYOND.
Habibie’s IQ is 200; far more superior than the world
greatest intellects, Albert Einstein who scored 160,
higher than Galleleo (165) or even Sir Isaac Newton
(190).
STANDING BY FOR THE R80 TO FLY
Habibie who is now almost 80 never loses his passion
and drive to invest a better aircraft product. Now, he is
undertaking a project called R80. This aircraft is ideal
to help Indonesia bridge its thousand islands because
it can take off and land at short runways and on short
flights (hoppers). It is expected to begin its maiden
flight in 2016.
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
10

17. WIWEKO SOEPONO,
THE INVENTOR OF TWO CREW
COCKPIT DESIGN
In the past, wide-body commercial aircraft was typically flown
by 3—5 people in the cockpit. It was Wiweko Soepono who
initiated the idea to fly a wide-body airplane with a crew of two in
the cockpit. Mr. Soepono who was also the first Asian to fly over
the Pacific using a single engine plane invented: Forward Facing
Crew Cockpit (FFCC) on Airbus A300-B4. This allows a wide body
aircraft flown by two people instead of commonly by 3-5 people.
SOSROBAHU, TJOKORDA RAKA SUKAWATI’S
ROAD CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUE
Rotating fly over road construction is a technique invented
by Tjokorda Raka Sukawati and it is called Sosrobahu
method or tehnique. This technique allows traffic underneath
to flow undisturbed thus easing up the road congestion
which otherwise is caused by the construction. Patents have
been registered worldwide.
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
11

18. THE GUERRILLA WAR STRATEGY
OF ABDUL HARIS NASUTION
Abdul Haris Nasution, a 5-star General with years of guerrilla combat experience
against foreign colonialism wrote a fascinating text book on guerrilla warfare and
used as a mandatory learning reference in many of the world’s elite military schools
including the West Point, USA. This book is available in various world’s languages.
KHOIRUL ANWAR’S 4G TECHNOLOGIES
Dr. Eng. Khoirul Anwar is the inventor of and, at the same time, holds the
patent of two FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) technologies used for high-speed
satellite and 4G (Uplink). This method is able to solve the problem of the
future wireless transmission that requires both low energy and high accuracy.
This technology has become the world standard, namely the International
Telecommunication Union Recommendation (ITU-R) No. ITU-R S.1878 and
ITU-R S.2173
Sources : indonesiasetara.org; runway-aviation.com
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
12

19. RUN ISLAND
BANDA ISLAND
NAIRA ISLAND
AI ISLAND
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
13
In late 17
th
century, a far away little island called Run in Moluccas was heavily
disputed by the Dutch and the British; all in the interest of dominating the world’s
major spices. The two eventually ceased fighting and signed a treaty and agreed
to exchange Manhattan Island in New York (formerly New Amsterdam) with Run
Island, the world’s top nutmeg producer. Nutmeg was then more valuable and
much more needed than gold.
RUN ISLAND, MOLUCCAS,
MORE VALUABLE THAN
MANHATTAN, NEW YORK

20. R(H)UN ISLAND is one of the
smallest islands of the Banda Islands,
Indonesia. Run Island is LESS
THAN TWO MILES LONG
AND THREE QUARTER OF
A MILE WIDE.
Source : business.time.com
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
14

21. M
uch of Indonesian history recorded
on the global history is founded on
the explorers’ pursuance of exotic
goods and trading materials. The European
fleet of merchant ships went to Indonesia in the
16
th
century was primarily attracted because
of the abundance of spices particularly in the
tip eastern part of Indonesia. No wonder this
country is called the Spice Islands. These
spices were not just in high demand in Europe,
some of them were even more precious than
gold. Exotic goods from far away islands were
considered perfect gifts for their Majesties,
Kings or Queens of these European Kingdoms.
Famous explorer such as Columbus, Marco
Polo, Magellan and Vasco de Gama were
among thousand of others who journeyed a
world and beyond and set foot on these islands
SPICES TO SPICE UP LIVES
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
15

22. Source: business.time.com
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
16
INDONESIA,
PARTICULARLY
THE NORTH
CELEBES,
MOLUCCAS AND
NORTH MOLUCCAS
SUPPLY OVER
THREE QUARTER
OF THE WORLD’S
NUTMEGS NEEDS.
Columbus believed he had
reached the East Indies
(now Indonesia and
beyond or Nusantara)
which was his
predetermined
destination. He
called the islanders
as INDIOS which
was later more popular
as INDIAN.

23. MOUNT TAMBORA ERUPTION
WAS RECORDED AS THE WORLD’S MOST
CATASTROPHIC DISASTER IN MODERN HISTORY
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
17
THE UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
CLASSIFIED THE ERUPTION OF MOUNT
TAMBORA AS THE MOST POWERFUL
VOLCANIC ERUPTION IN MODERN HISTORY.
AS THE RESULT OF TAMBORA ERUPTION,
THE EARTH WAS COVERED BY DARKNESS,
WHICH INSPIRED THE BIRTH OF
LEGENDARY MYSTERY NOVELS SUCH
AS ‘DARKNESS’ BY LORD BYRON, ‘THE
VAMPYRE’ BY DR. JOHN PALIDORI AND
‘FRANKENSTEIN’ BY MARY SHELLEY.
TAMBORA SPEWED OUT ASH, DUST, AND NO LESS
THAN 400 MILLION TONS OF SULPHURIC GASES
INTO THE AIR, UP TO 27 MILES PERPENDICULAR TO
THE STRATOSPHERE, FAR ABOVE THE CLOUDS.
THE ERUPTION OF TAMBORA IS 10 TIMES MORE
POWERFUL THAN THE ERUPTION OF KRAKATOA, AND
10,000 TIMES MORE POWERFUL THAN THE ERUPTION
OF EYJAFJALLAJÖKULL IN ICELAND IN 2010.
400 MILLION TONS
27 MILES
10.000 X

24. Sources : nationalgeographic.co.id; Fresh Water Ecology
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
18
YEAR WITHOUT SUMMER, DATES BACK TO 1816—1818,
TRIGGERED CROP FAILURES AND DEATHS IN MANY PARTS OF THE
WORLD.
THOMAS JEFFERSON BECAME THE FIRST FORMER
US PRESIDENT WHO WAS SENT INTO DEBT DUE TO
CROP FAILURES IN VIRGINIA AS A RESULT OF BIZARRE WEATHER
CAUSED BY MOUNT TAMBORA ERUPTION.
RESULTING IN NAPOLEON’S DEFEAT IN THE
BATTLE OF WATERLOO DUE TO EXTREME
WEATHER IN 1815.
A 34-YEAR-OLD GERMAN, KARL FREIHERR VON
DRAIS, INVENTED DRAISINE, A TWO-WHEELED
WOODEN TRANSPORTATION AS A SUBSTITUTE
OF HORSE AT THE TIME OF TAMBORA ERUPTION.

25. THE LAND OF
WEDHUS GEMBEL
MOUNT KRAKATOA in 1883. THE
ERUPTION WAS EQUIVALENT TO 13,000
TIMES THE HIROSHIMA ATOMIC BOMB.
MOUNT TAMBORA, West Nusa
Tenggara, in 1815, spewed out 1.7
MILLION TONS OF ASH that covered
the atmosphere as far as Europe
for a long period of time.
THE TWO LARGEST VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS
EVER RECORDED IN THE WORLD HISTORY :INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
19

26. WEDHUS GEMBEL
M
ount Merapi’s Wedhus Gembel is a hot
cloud that could vaporize human body
with the burning effect similar to that of
high voltage electric shock or a lightning strike.
Mount Merapi which is still active now often
burst its ashes high up in the sky forming a
dense cloud resembling the shape of goat or
lamb fur. This cloud differs from ordinary cloud.
It is very dense and curly and can be seen from
miles away.
The Javanese believes that such a great natural
power must be named wisely as not to reflect
fear.
Sources : indonesia.travel; esdm.go.id
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
20

27. I
ndonesia is situated in The Ring of
Fire where many active volcanoes
are located. Its marine seabeds are
home of the world’s most active tectonic
plates and always on a constant
collision. They are Euro-Australian, Euro-
Asian and Pacific plates.
Indonesian must learnt to adapt, adopt
and mitigate with its geographic nature
which more often produce more wealth
and goodness than disasters if we all
know how to live in harmony with our
environment.
LIVING HARMONIOUSLY
WITH CALAMITY
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
21

28. Sources :
bappenas.go.id;
nationalgeographic.com;
indonesia.travel;
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
22
Almost all earthquakes including the most
catastrophic ones occur in the span of ring of fire.
INDONESIA HAS 129 ACTIVE
VOLCANOES AND THREE
MAJOR TECTONIC PLATES
COLLISION THAT OCCURS
FREQUENTLY. This creates a constant
phenomenon and trend of tectonic, and seismic
earthquakes.
Everyday, thousands of earthquakes take place
in this archipelago. Fortunately, most of them
scored low on Richter scale because most
occur very deep under the oceans’ beds. Thus,
the effect is less devastating. But when a major
collision occurs in shallow water, a giant tsunami
and aftermath is felt thousands of miles away.

29. TOTAL AREA OF LAKE TOBA:
1,130 KM²
LAKE TOBA DIMENSION:
100 KM LONG; 35
KM WIDE
DEPTH OF LAKE TOBA:
505 M (RANKED 9
TH
IN
THE WORLD’S DEEPEST LAKE)
SAMOSIR ISLAND ELEVATION:
1,000 M ABOVE SEA LEVEL
SAMOSIR ISLAND SURFACE AREA:
630 KM²
Lake Toba, in which Samosir Island is
located, is THE DEEPEST
AND THE BIGGEST
VOLCANIC-FORMED
LAKE IN THE WORLD .
This was actually a caldera from a
Super Eruption of an extinct Mount
Toba. The uplift magma surfacing from
the deep is a volcanic activity that form
Samosir island.
ONE OF THE WORLD’S
TOP TEN DEEPEST LAKELAKE TOBA,
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
23
There are OVER 1,500 LAKES
IN INDONESIA with 840 LARGE ONES
AND THE REMAINING SMALL ONES.
Lake Toba is located IN
SUMATERA, THE 5
TH
LARGEST ISLAND
IN THE WORLD.

30. LAKE
GUNUNG
TUJUH IN
JAMBI IS THE
HIGHEST
LAKE IN
SOUTHEAST
ASIA, LOCATED
AT AN ALTITUDE OF
1,960 MASL.
LAKE MATANO
IN SOROWAKO (SOUTH
CELEBES) WITH 600
METERS DEEP
IS THE DEEPEST LAKE
IN SOUTHEAST
ASIA AND THE 9
TH

DEEPEST LAKE
IN THE WORLD.
LAKE
KELIMUTU
(FLORES ISLAND, EAST
NUSA TENGGARA,
INDONESIA) CONSISTED
OF THREE
COLORED
CRATER LAKES
NAMELY TIWU
ATA POLO,
TIWU NUAMURI
KOO FAI, AND
TIWU ATA
MBUPU. EACH OF
THE THREE LAKE HAS
DIFFERENT
COLOR
NAMELY RED,
BLUE, AND
WHITE.
LAKE KAKABAN IN DERAWAN
ISLAND, EAST BORNEO, IS THE
WORLD’S LARGEST
JELLYFISH LAKE WHICH COVERS
AN AREA OF 5KM2. THERE ONLY TWO
COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD WHICH HAS
JELLYFISH LAKE, NAMELY PALAU AND
INDONESIA.
THERE ARE 7JELLYFISH LAKES
IN INDONESIA, NAMELY:
1. LAKEKAKABAN, KAKABAN ISLAND OF
THEDERAWAN ISLANDS, EAST BORNEO
2. LAKEHAJIBUANG, MARATUA ISLAND, EAST
BORNEO
3. JELLYFISH LAKE LOCATED IN
KARAWAPOP, MISOOL ISLANDS, RAJA
AMPAT, WEST PAPUA
4. JELLYFISH LAKE LOCATED IN SUMALELEN,
MISOOL ISLANDS, RAJA AMPAT, WEST
PAPUA
5. JELLYFISH LAKE LOCATED IN BATANPALE,
RAJA AMPAT, WEST PAPUA
6. LAKE MARIONA, TOGEAN ISLAND,
CENTRAL CELEBES
7. LAKELANDU, EAST NUSA TENGGARA
IN 2007, LAKE PANIAI,
PANIAI REGENCY, PAPUA,
WAS RECOGNIZED
BY 157 COUNTRIES
ATTENDED THE
WORLD LAKE
CONFERENCE
HELD IN INDIA, FOR
ITS BEAUTY. LAKE PANIAI
IS AN ENDEMIC HABITAT OF
PAPUA SHRIMP WHICH IS
KNOWN AS “UDANG
SELINGKUH” (OR
LITERALLY TRANSLATES
AS “CHEATING SHRIMP”
OR CHERAX ALBERTISII) -A
SHRIMP WITH BIG CLAWS/
FLOPS SIMILAR TO CRAB-
THE POPULATION OF
THIS CREATURE IS NOW
CONSIDERED ENDANGERED.
LAKE SENTANI, PAPUA, HAS ITS
OWN ENDEMIC SPECIES OF FRESHWATER
SHARK WHICH IS COMMONLY
REFERRED TO AS SAW
SHARK OR SENTANI SHARK.
Sources : worldatlas.com; geology.com;
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
24

31. INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
25
OVER
REIGNED IN
INDONESIA
807
kingdoms

32. MAJAPAHIT
• While Italy has Pompeii, Peru has Machu Pichu,
Jordan has Petra, Cambodia has AngkorWat,
Greece has the Acropolis, INDONESIA HAS
TROWULAN; THE RUINS OF THE CAPITAL
CITY OF THE LARGEST KINGDOM IN
SOUTHEAST ASIA, MAJAPAHIT.
• Majapahit was the last Hindu-Buddhist Empire
that ruled the archipelago and became the largest
empire in the history of Indonesia. IT GAINED
POWER OVER JAVA, SUMATRA, MALAY
PENINSULA, BORNEO, TO EAST INDONESIA.
• INDONESIA’S FLAG COLOR RESEMBLED TO
MAJAPAHIT FLAG which is RED OVER WHITE.
• KALI MAJAPAHIT, a newly emerged martial art
popular in the Philippines was actually originated
from Majapahit war troops. Kali Majapahit means
the Kris (dagger-like weapon) of Majapahit. In the
manuscript of Majapahit in Negarakertagama is
called Sundang Majapahit which a form of martial
art using Kris and swords as its lethal weapons.
Source : indonesia.travel
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
26
TROWULAN,
TEMPLE OF
THE LARGEST
KINGDOM IN
SOUTHEAST
ASIA

33. PINISI,
THE CONQUEROR
OF SEVEN OCEANS
PINISI IS A BUGINESE
TRADITIONAL SHIP THAT WAS
JOURNEYING THE WORLD’S
GREATEST OCEANS SINCE 14
TH

CENTURY. Pinisi average Death Weight
Tonnage or DWT is between 100 to 200
TONS and is hand built by master craft men
and ship builders using the best available wooden
materials from the islands.
INDONESIA’S OCEAN VOYAGE
LEGACY WAS MADE POSSIBLE
BECAUSE OF PINISI. It is one among
other prominent signs of a true marine nation.
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
27

34. Indonesia’s renown marine tribes, THE
BUGINESE TRAVELED AS FAR AS
AUSTRALIA IN 17TH CENTURY
BEFORE EUROPEAN SET FOOD ON
THIS CONTINENT. A proof of this journey
was well recorded in THE ABORIGINES
PAINTING. This painting must be a manifestation
of an important historical event because Aborigines
were land lock not marine tribe.
There is place in CAPE TOWN
SOUTH AFRICA CALLED
MACCASSAR (now called
Makassar, the capital city of South
Celebes). This is a landmark and
legacy of Buginese settlement and
voyages.
Source : wikipedia
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
28
We can find Buginese villages almost in all Indonesian
regions. THE SPREADING OF BUGINESE
OCEANIC VOYAGES HAD REACHED
ASIA PACIFIC AND BEYOND.

35. 1 OUT OF 20 PEOPLE IN THE WORLD IS
INDONESIAN AND THEY ARE EVERYWHERE.
No less than 8 MILLION Indonesian Overseas
spread all over the world. This number is equal to
the population of Sweden and Austria or even twice
of Singapore’s population.
Indonesian overseas annually contributes to
Indonesian foreign exchange up to US$ 7BILLION,
OR NEARLY RP.70TRILLION. This amount is
almost equal to the annual allocation for special
autonomy fund in 2012 State Revenue and
Expenditure Budget (APBN) which transferred by
central government to local governments.

There are currently 56 INDONESIAN
OVERSEASNETWORK (IDN) BRANCHES IN 26
COUNTRIES.
A GLIMPSE OF INDONESIAN OVERSEAS
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
29
THE AVERAGE INCOME of Indonesian
citizen in the The United States is HIGHER
than an average The United States citizen.

36. SURINAME
DURING 1890-1939 OVER
30 THOUSANDS FORCE
LABORS WERE BROUGHT
TO SURINAME FROM JAVA
BY THE DUTCH to work on
sugar cane plantation. They have
since blended with local natives and
form a mixed culture of Javanese and
Surinamese.
TODAY, A CLEAR SIGNS
AND LEGACY OF JAVANESE
ARE EMBEDDED IN
VARIOUS LANDMARKS
OF THE COUNTRY. Many
places have been named in Javanese
meanings and language. This is most
eminent in the names of Surinamese
people who are natively Javanese
Sources : setkab.go.id; indonesiadiaspora.com.au;
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
30
Javanese people in
Suriname are STILL
USING JAVANESE
LANGUAGE for naming a
person or a village.
KAWANUA is Minahasa
people who do not live in the
land of Minahasa. Kawanua
in Minahasa language is often
interpreted as inhabitants
of the land or the united
Wanuas or “MINAESA”
(MINAHASA
PEOPLE)

37. INDONESIAN HERBS
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
31
INDONESIA HAS THE 2
ND
LARGEST BIODIVERSITY IN THE
WORLD AFTER BRAZIL. 75% OF ENDEMIC PLANT SPECIES
CAN BE FOUND IN INDONESIA.
THE FACULTY OF PHARMACY O F UNIVERSITY OF GAJAH MADA
IN YOGYAKARTA IS THE ONLY UNIVERSITY IN INDONESIA THAT
TEACHES HERBAL PHARMACY

38. 940 species have been
identified
7,500 are
medicine plants
283 species have been
registered as jamu
(traditional medicine)
at Indonesian National
Agency of Drug and
Food Control (BPOM)
1,845 species have been
inventoried
2012
US$ 1.1 BILLIONS
2015(DOMESTIC MARKET)
US$ 1.8 BILLIONS
2015(FOREIGN MARKET)
US$ 1.5 BILLIONS
40,000
plant species
90,000 plant species
have been used as herbal
medicine.
Indonesia has been voiced by APEC ECONOMIES
as THE CENTER FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE
AND HERBAL DEVELOPMENT
Sources : Research and Development Ministr y of Agriculture; National Agency of Drug and Food Control; Ministr y of Health.
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
32
HERBAL
MEDICINES
MARKET

39. TANGKUR BUAYA, MAKES YOU
AS STRONG AS A CROCODILE
Tangkur Buaya or Croc’s genital is a rare commodity and
must not be harvested from wild crocodile. This is men’s
supplement for an increased love appetites.
Countless herbal plants and spices grow in these lush tropical islands.
any are known to be aphrodisiac.
PURWOCENG,
JAVANESE APHRODISIAC
Grows in high altitude of Dieng plateau. It warms the
human body and helps blood circulation thus improving
reproduction system and libido.
INDONESIAN APHRODISIAC BLEND
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
33

40. PASAK BUMI,
INDONESIAN FOREST APHRODISIAC
Pasak Bumi or loosely translated as earth pillar is an
earth Aphrodisiac growing over 30 feet underground.
The herbal is best consumed with tea, ginger and a
twist of lemon.
MADURESE HERBAL BLEND,
NEXT ROUND COMES AROUND
Madura, an island off Surabaya coast is well known for its
herbal aphrodisiac. A blend of ginger, tumeric, eggs, honey
and fish oil is a natural way of maintaining healthy vitality
and love scent.
Sources : Research and Development Ministr y of Agriculture; National Agency of Drug and Food Control; Ministr y of Health.
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
34

41. INDONESIA,
PELANGI DUNIA
This coffee costs US$ 160/pound.
You must be wondering how it tastes.
Luwak coffee is natural coffee beans
blended in the stomach of a Civet
(mongoose family). These beans can only
be found in the faeces of these animals.
It was told that during the early colonial plantation
region of Indonesia, the plantation workers were only
allowed to drink these Luwak coffee. Only recently,
the world’s coffee connoisseur realized that this
coffee is exotic and has a special taste found in no
other coffee beans families.
LUWAK COFFEE,
THE MOST EXPENSIVE
COFFEE IN THE WORLD
35
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES

42. INDONESIA,
PELANGI DUNIA
2.000.000
coffee stakeholder
1.300.000 hectares
of coffee plantation
1,6 billions
is Indonesian coffee export value
350,000 p/a Export is
Indonesian coffee export volume.
robusta coffee (85%) and arabica (15%)
4th largest in the world after Brazil, Vietnam and Colombia.
50 export destination countries of
Indonesian coffee with USA, Japan, Germany, Italy, and United Kingdom as the main destinations.
950 gr/capita
local consumption
750.000 tons
The amount of coffee
production in Indonesia
96% of coffee plantation in
Indonesia are individually owned by local
farmers, the other 4% belongs to
private plantations and government (PTP
Nusantara)
Indonesia is the
PRIVATE
PLANTATIONS AND
GOVERNMENT
PEOPLE’S
PLANTATION
4
th

largest coffee producing
country in the world.
Sources : therichest.com; aeki-aice.org
36
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES

43. INDONESIA,
PELANGI DUNIA
PATCHOULI
SUGAR-
CANE
PALM TREE
COCONUT
CACAO
COFFEE
JATROPHA CURCAS
CLOVE
SUNAN PECAN
RUBBER
PEPPER
TEA
15 PRIMARY PLANTATIONS
IN INDONESIA
COTTON
TOBACCO
CASHEW
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
37
THE GREEN GOLD OF INDONESIA

44. INDONESIA,
PELANGI DUNIA
PALM TREE
INDONESIA IS THE LARGEST PALM
OIL PRODUCER IN THE WORLD . In
Indonesia, the spreads are in the region
of Aceh, the east coast of Sumatra, Java,
and Celebes.
STATE FOREIGN EXCHANGE FROM
THE EXPORT OF CRUDE PALM OIL
(CPO) IS 13.5 TRILLION RUPIAH
RUBBER
Indonesian rubber production is almost
100% in the form of semi-finished
upstream industry products: Ribbed
Smoke Sheet, Standard Indonesian
Rubber, Unsmoked Sheet, and
Concentrated Latex. While for downstream
production, Indonesia still has very limited
number of producers, including PT Industri
Karet Nusantara which is a subsidiary
of PT Perkebunan Nusantara III Medan,
North Sumatra.
A total of 95% cacao plantations owned
by individual farmers covering about 1.7
MILLION FARMERS in Indonesia
FOREIGN EXCHANGE CONTRIBUTED
REACHED US$ 1.05 BILLION IN 2012
The total of national production of cacao
beans in 2012 REACHED 712,000 TONS
Indonesia is the world’s
LARGEST PRODUCING
COUNTRY of natural rubber after
Thailand
Indonesian natural rubber production in
2012 reached
3.27 MILLION TONS
Indonesia controls ±27% - and
Thailand ±30% - of the world’s
demand of natural rubber.
CACAO
Indonesia is 18% cacao producer
in the world which is number 3 after
Ivory Coast and Ghana
95% of cacao plantation is owned and
harvested by 1.7 MILLION local farmers.
This resonates a significant livelihood for
smallholders.
Source: Ministry of Agriculture
2
ND
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
38

45. THE SANG LEAVES
(JOHANNESTIJSMANIA
ALTIFRONS) belongs to the the palm family
(Arecaceae). Indonesia’s diversity of palm ranks first
in the world which reached 477 SPECIES,
225 SPECIES OF WHICH ARE
ENDEMIC.
GIGANTIC LEAVES
6 M
1,7 M
Sources : www.goodnewsfromindonesia.com
www.pacsoa.org.au
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
39
IN LANGKAT district of NORTH SUMATRA particularly in the mountain
scape of LEUSER, you will find A PALM LEAF LIKE MEASURING UP
TO 4 TIMES THE HEIGHTS OF AN ADULT HUMAN. The locals call it
DAUN SANG OR JOEY PALM . This one is the DIAMOND OF JOEY PALM
and endemic to this habitat. These leaves are a common BUILDING
MATERIALS in these areas.

46. 60% of the world’s rattan species can be found in Indonesia.
350 OF 600 SPECIES OF THE WORLD’S RATTAN grow in
Indonesia’s tropical rain forest habitat.
BIODIVERSITY
INDONESIA HAS THE
LARGEST RAINFOREST
IN THE SOUTHERN
HEMISPHERE. The total
area of tropical forest in Indonesia
REACHED 98.56 MILLION
HECTARES or 52.4% of the
total land in Indonesia.
Indonesia ranks 8th
out of 10 countries
with THE LARGEST
NATURAL FOREST
AREA IN THE WORLD
INDONESIA IS A
COUNTRY WITH THE
SECOND LARGEST
BIODIVERSITY IN THE
WORLD, REACHING
20,000 SPECIES, 40%
are endemic or native plants in
Indonesia.
THE WORLD’S SMALLEST
ORCHID
• Orchids (Orchidaceae) reached 6,000
SPECIES OF ORCHIDS
• The Indonesian Scientific Institution (LIPI)
duirng the period of 2009-2013 found 9
NEW ENDEMIC species of ORCHIDS.
• Oberonia sp, THE SMALLEST ORCHID IN
THE WORLD, native to Mentawai Islands,
West Sumatra and SUGARCANE ORCHID
(GRAMMATOPHYLLUM SPECIOSUM)
SPREAD across the islands of Sumatra,
Borneo, Java, Celebes, Moluccas, and
Papua.
RAFFLESIA,
THE WORLD’S LARGEST
FLOWER
From 32 species of Rafflesia in Southeast
Asia, 17 can be found in Indonesia.
RAFFLESIA ARNOLDI IS THE
LARGEST FLOWER IN THE WORLD
with ALMOST 1 METER IN DIAMETER
AND WEIGHING UP TO 11 KG,
endemic in Bengkulu, Indonesia.
Indonesia has the most diversed species of
Meranti or shorea Dipterocarpus in the world,
with more than 400 species.
350
60%
40%
Sources: Indonesia Forest Statistics 2011, Ministry of Forestry; lartas-kemendag.net;
www.panda.org; ditjenbun.deptan.go.id; blog.sivitas.lipi.go.id; fwi.or.id; uplmps.unsoed.ac.id;
SPECIES
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
40

47. THE LAST JURASSIC ANIMAL ON EARTH
Sumber :
menlh.go.id
nationalgeographic.com
world.new7wonders.com
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
41
Komodo is the last Jurassic animal on earth. IT SURVIVE OVER 36 CLIMATE
CHANGES IN THE LAST 200 MILLION YEARS. This giant monitor
lizard is ONLY FOUND IN KOMODO ISLANDS is also known as the
LARGEST CRAWLING DRAGON EVER KNOWN to mankind.

48. KOMODO,
THIS LIZARD IS BELIEVED TO BE THE ONLY
THE PRE-HISTORIC DINOSAUR THAT -
SURVIVED UP TO THIS MOMENT. Local people
living near Komodo Island, its habitat, called this giant animal as
ORA.
Komodo has an average length of 2-3 meters. THE
LARGEST KOMODO EVER EXISTED WAS
3.13 METERS LONG AND 166 KILOGRAMS
WEIGH.
In 1986, KOMODO NATIONAL PARK WAS
AWARDED AS UNESCO’S WORLD
HERITAGE SITE
KOMODO NATIONAL PARK
KOMODO IS ONE OF THE WORLD NEW
NATURAL SEVEN WONDERS.
KOMODO ISLAND IS PART OF THE
KOMODO NATIONAL PARK WHICH COVERS
THE AREA OF 173 THOUSAND HECTARES.
The largest part of the Komodo National Park is marine. The sea
floor of Komodo National Park’s marine water is the best diving
sites in the world.
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
42

49. LEATHERBACK SEA TURTLE
(DERMOCHELYS CORIACEA)
• The few last remaining marine creature from the time
of dinosaur roamed the earth. This species spawn in
Indonesian waters and journey around the world from
Papua to African peninsula.
• Leatherback Sea Turtle body weight can reach 900 kg with
a body length of about one and a half to two meters.
• Habitat: tropical waters to sub-polar regions and regularly
spawn on beaches in tropical regions.
• There are very few places in the world they choose to
spawn. One of their spawning grounds is in the Jamursba
Medi Beach and Warmon Beach located in the North
of West papua Province’s Bird’s Head, Abun District,
Tambarauw Regency.
TRENGGILING OR
PANGOLIN
• Has been existed since the
Oligocene and Miocene
era, about 33 million to 23
million years ago.
• Habitat: tropical rainforest
in the lowlands. Trenggiling
can be found in Southeast
Asia. The Trenggiling found
Indonesia is known as
Trenggiling Java (Manis
javanica) and can be found
in the mountainous regions
of Sumatra, Borneo, Java,
and Bali.
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
43
Sources : www.iucnredlist.org; www.bk.menlh.go.id; www.penyu.org; www.seaturtle.org

50. COELACANTH FISH (IKAN
RAJA LAUT – NORTH
CELEBES)
• Coelacanth fish is estimated to have existed
since the Devonian era of about 380 million
years ago.
• This fish is believed to have gone extinct since
the end of the Cretaceous period 65 million
years ago, but was rediscovered in the waters
of North Celebes in 2007.
• In Indonesia, ancient Coelacanth fish can be
found in the waters of Talise, North Minahasa
and Malalayang waters, the Bay of Manado,
North Celebes.
AROWANA FISH
• This fish has existed on earth
since 220 million years ago.
This fish can be found in the
Amazon, in some parts of
Africa, Asia, and Australia.
Arowana Fish (Scleropagus
sp.) can be found in the
freshwater area in Indonesia,
especially in upper Kapuas
River and Lake Sentarum in
West Borneo. This fish thrives
in the peat primitive forest
water ecosystem.
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
44
Sources : www.wwf.or.id; www.bk.menlh.go.id

51. INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
45
TARSIUS PRIMATE
(TARSIUS PUMILUS OR
PYGMY TARSIER)
This is THE SMALLEST
PRIMATE IN THE WORLD
and is only a PALM SIZE OF A
MAN.
SUN BEAR
(HELARCTOS
MALAYANUS)
This is THE SMALLEST BEAR
IN THE WORLD, endemic to
Borneo. This bear is HALF THE
SIZE of a grown adult.
INDONESIA: THE WORLD’S
GREATEST FAUNA HABITAT
Sources: www.indonesia.travel; www.bk.menlh.go.id

52. INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
46
• Bird species in Indonesia IS THE
FOURTH MOST POPULOUS
IN THE WORLD.
• From the 1,598 SPECIES OF
BIRDS in INDONESIA, 381
SPECIES ARE ENDEMIC.
• BIRD OF PARADISE (Paradisea
Rubra, Paradigalla Carunculata,
Dyphilodes Respublica) is the prettiest
and most beautiful birds in the world
because of THE STRIKING
FEATHER COLOR.
• Endemic in the Bird’s Head region
(Arfak Mountains) and THE WEST
JAYAWIJAYA MOUNTAINS
in Papua.
• THE SMALLEST
COCKATOO is THE PYGMY
PARROT with a length of ABOUT
8 CM and lives in Papua and
surrounding islands.
• INDONESIA is ranked first IN
THE WORLD FOR THE
LARGEST NUMBER
OF SWALLOWTAIL
BUTTERFLIES SPECIES.
• A TOTAL OF 121 SPECIES
FOUND IN INDONESIA
and 44% OF THEM ARE
ENDEMIC.
• THE SECOND LARGEST
BUTTERFLIES IN
THE WORLD, THE
GIANT BUTTERFLY
(ORNITHOPTERA
GOLIATH) which lives in the forests
of Papua MEASURING ABOUT
13 TO 15 CENTIMETERS.
JAVAN RHINOCEROS (RHINOCEROS SONDAICUS)
• TOTAL POPULATION OF NO MORE THAN 50 ANIMALS in
Ujung Kulon National Park on the most western tip of Java.
• INCLUDED IN THE RED LIST OF THE IUCN WORLD
CONSERVATION AGENCY, which is in the category of critically
endangered.
Sources: menlh.go.id; nationalgeographics.com,
world.new7wonders.com, Ministry of Forestry

53. INDONESIA’S
CONTRIBUTION
TOWARDS WORLD
PEACE
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
47
THE CURRENT PRESIDENT (2009-2014)
SUSILO BAMBANG YUDHOYONO , was a
Brigadier General commanding a UN Chief Military post
(UNPF) during peace mission in Bosnia in 1995
SINCE 1957, a
total of Indonesian
United Nations
troops participating in
peace missions in a
number of countries
reached 24,284
PERSONNEL.
Indonesia ranks 15
OUT OF 177
countries which are the
most frequent to send
world peacekeeping
force.
Indonesia peace-
keeping forces named
Garuda has been
deployed on UN
sanctioned war areas as
many as 79 TIMES.

54. Sources:
presidenri.go.id, un.org, dpd.go.id,
republika; voi.co.id, Ministry of Foreign
Affairs
MEGAWATI
SOEKARNO PUTRI
The fifth President of
Indonesia, Megawati
Soekarno Putri, has
been named as The 8th
Most Powerful Woman
from 100 women leaders
in the world by the
International Business
Magazine, Forbes,
During his presidency, his
cabinet secured a lasting
peace with the country’s
prolonged disputes with
Aceh.
SOEHARTO
Under his reign,
Soeharto promoted
the most diligent
national movement
called P-4. This
basically a translation
and transformation of
the nation’s character
building to maintain
peace and harmony
among all Indonesian and
inter-faith populations.
ABDURRAHMAN
WAHID
Indonesia’s fourth
president, Abdurrahman
Wahid, who was often
called Gus Dur, received
the World Peace Prize
Award from a non-profit
institution of World Peace
Prize Awarding Council
(WPPAC), which is based
in the United States and
South Korea. Gus Dur
was assessed for always
bringing a message of
peace between religious
communities, playing
an active role in the
campaign for pluralism,
anti-terrorism and the
protection of the rights of
minority groups.
SOEKARNO
The first President of
Indonesia with the world’s
developing countries
led the formation of
Asia Africa Non-Aligned
Movement and its ten
principles. The first
congress took place
in Bandung in 1955.
This congregation led
to the basic peaceful
coexistence among all its
members.
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
48

55. THE ROLE OF INDONESIA
IN INTERNATIONAL FORUM
Indonesia participates in
regional and international forum
such as ASEAN, UN,
G-20, APEC, ASEM,
OIC AS WELL AS
WTO.
The AAC or Bandung Conference in 1955, was
intended to inspire Asian and African nations to
liberate the states from colonialism.
THE AAC WAS ATTENDED BY 29
ASIAN AND AFRICAN COUNTRIES
COUNTED FOR HALF THE WORLD
POPULATION AT THAT TIME.
Indonesia is highly respected by member
countries of OIC (ORGANIZATION OF
ISLAMIC COOPERATION) . Indonesia
is considered AS A ROLE MODEL,
and bridge builder between the West and
Islam world. In addition, Indonesia is also a
good role model in REPRESENTING
HARMONY OF ISLAM,
MODERNITY AND DEMOCRACY.
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
49
Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru.
His speech during Asian-African
Conference (AAC) in 1955:
BANDUNG WOULD ALWAYS
BE THE CAPITAL OF ASIAN
AFRICAN STATES

56. THE ROLE OF INDONESIA
IN INTERNATIONAL FORUM
Indonesia is among the founding
member states of ASEAN and is now
cochairing the New African Strategic
Partnership
Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
was first initiated in Blake Island, Seattle USA in
1993. It began a few years earlier as a forum
of Economic Ministerial Meeting among the 12
initial APEC Economies. In 1994, in Bogor the
leaders agreed to pursue what is then known
as Bogor Goals aimed at Free Trade and Open
Economy by 2010 for developed Economies
and 2020 for developing Economies. Currently
APEC has 21 Economies as its members
spanning from Papua New Guinea to Peru on
the other side of the planet.
Sources: apec.org; Ministry of Home Affairs;
General Election Comission; undp.or.id; menegpp.go.id.
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
50

57. In the early
reformation
era of 1999,(
the milestone
of Indonesian
democracy) ,
the number of
political party
participated in the
election was 48
THE AVERAGE
OF ELECTION IN
INDONESIA, is held in
every
DAYS DURING THE WHOLE YEAR,
including legislative and presidential elections, as
well as regional and local elections for governors,
mayor, and regents.
5
IN 2012
local elections were held
PARTIES
75
48
IN 2013
local elections were held
148
IN 2011
local elections were held87
CHAMPION OF
DEMOCRACY
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
51

58. IDI REFERS TO NUMERICAL FIGURES INDICATING LEVEL OF DEMOCRACY
DEVELOPMENT in all provinces in Indonesia BASED ON CERTAIN ASPECTS OF DEMOCRACY,
NAMELY CIVIL LIBERTY, POLITICAL RIGHTS, AND INSTITUTIONS OF DEMOCRACY.
IDI is a joint cooperation between Indonesian National Development Planning Agency (Bappenas), Coordinating Ministry of
Politics, Law and Security (Kemenkopolhukam), Central Statistics Agency (BPS), Ministry of Home Affairs, UNDP, Australian
AID, and also provincial stakeholders including Provincial Governments, Academicians, Media and NGOs
INDONESIA DEMOCRACY INDEX (IDI)
INDONESIA
6.76
MALAYSIA
6.41
THAILAND
6.55
According to the Economist Intelligence Unit
DEMOCRACY INDEX 2012
A directive for gender congressional participation of 30% was established in 2004, giving women more
opportunities and empowerment to lead the nation together with their fellow Indonesians. SINCE
THEN THE ADMISSION OF WOMEN IN THE PARLIAMENT
HAS DOUBLED IN THREE ELECTION PERIODS (2004-2009,
2009-2014 AND BEYOND)
30%
Democratization process is also measured by
the FREEDOM OF PRESS. Indonesian
press enjoyed this freedom even more than their
colleagues in many developed countries including
the US, Europe including Scandinavian countries
and Japan.
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
52

59. THIS SONG IS A
MANIFESTATION
OF A GREAT RIVER
IN JAVA CALLED
BENGAWAN SOLO
STRETCHES OVER 540 KM
THROUGH MAJOR PULSE
OF JAVA.
SINGERS AROUND THE WORLD WHO MADE A COVER OF GESANG’S
BENGAWAN SOLO ARE AS FOLLOWS: TOSHI MATSUDA (JAPAN), WALDJINAH
(INDONESIA), ANNEKE GRONLOH (DUTCH-INDONESIAN), REBECCA PAN (PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC
OF CHINA), FRANCES YIP (PRC), P. RAMLEEDAN SALOMA (MALAYSIA), MAYA GOLOVNYA (SOVIET
UNION), VIOLETTA VILLAS (POLAND).
THE SONG HAS BEEN
TRANSLATED IN 13
LANGUAGES including
English, Mandarin, Russian,
Japanese and many more. It
has been sung by many world
renown singers.
THE SONG OF BENGAWAN SOLO WAS
WRITTEN IN 1940 BY GESANG
MARTOHARTONO IN
CENTRAL JAVA.
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
53
BENGAWAN SOLO WAS AND STILL IS A FAMOUS SONG
CREATED BY GESANG MARTOHARTONO OF CENTRAL JAVA.
THE JAPANESE AND THE POLLACK USED THESE SONGS TO AMPLIFY SENSES OF
PATRIOTISM. EMPEROR HIROHITO AWARDED A SPECIAL RECOGNITION FOR THIS
SONG AND ITS AUTHOR.
BENGAWAN SOLO, AND TO THE
DISTANT THE RIVER FLOWS

60. The river of Bengawan Solo, which inspired Gesang, is THE LONGEST RIVER ON JAVA ISLAND WITH
543,8 KM LENGTH with two headwaters from South Hills, Wonogiri and Ponorogo and ends as creek in
Gresik.
“BENGAWAN” IN JAVANESE MEANS “THE GREAT RIVER” .
The river and its water system was formed about 4 million years ago.
Sources : music.columbia.edu, wikipedia, tokohindonesia.com
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
54

61. Sources :
guinessworldrecord.com
muri.org
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
55
GAMELAN IS INCLUDED IN THE
CURRICULUM AT SEVERAL SCHOOLS
IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA AND JAPAN.
MOREOVER, IT HAS BECOME A FIXED
CURRICULUM AT NEW ZEALAND SCHOOL
OF MUSIC (NZSM).
WORLD’S FIRST GAMELAN FESTIVAL WAS
HELD IN 1986 IN CANADA.
ECHOES OF GAMELAN
UNDER THE FEET OF EIFFEL TOWER
IN 1889, JAVANESE AND SUNDANESE GAMELANS WERE PART OF THE
INAUGURATION OF THE EIFFEL TOWER IN PARIS and had influenced the work of a
famous french composer, Claude Debussy (1862-1918), whose later made a breakthrough in
western classical music
MUSIC COMPOSER FOR BOX OFFICE MOVIE
“LIFE OF PI”, MYCHAEL DANNA, INSERTED
THE SOUNDS OF BALINESE GAMELAN AS
ITS MOVIE SOUNDTRACK.

62. KARINDING –
WEST JAVA
Kariding musical instrument
IS MADE OF WOOD AND
PALM FROND LEAF. IT IS
A PEN SIZE INSTRUMENT
PLAYED BY BLOWING ITS
TUBE AND MOVEMENT OF
FINGERS
Karinding was initially
USED BY SUNDANESE
ANCESTORS TO DRIVE
AWAY PEST AT PADDY
FIELDS, OR IN THE
TRADITIONAL RITUALS OR
CULTURAL CEREMONIES.
MURI RECORDED a national
record of playing Karinding by
515 people in Sumedang.
INDONESIAN TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
ANGKLUNG –
WEST JAVA
Angklung has been registered
as Masterpiece of Oral and
Intangible Heritage of Humanity
by UNESCO since November
2010.
GUINNESS BOOK OF
RECORDS recorded THE
LARGEST ANGKLUNG
ENSEMBLE CONSISTED
OF 5,182 PARTICIPANTS IN
WASHINGTON DC.
Participants were orchestrated
by Indonesian angklung
maestro, Mang Udjo.
A.S.A.P. DRAGON FLY is
a rock band that plays rock-
angklung (rocklung) and has
been performing around the
world, such as in Tong Tong
Festival XII in Den Haag, The
Netherlands, Germany, Turkey,
China, Shanghai, Egypt and
Malaysia.
KOLINTANG –
MINAHASA
The biggest Kolintang
WAS RECORDED IN THE
GUINNESS BOOK OF
RECORDS IN OCTOBER
31ST 2009. It was made of a
single compact car size wood
of Cempaka tree.
THIS INSTRUMENT ALONG
WITH BAMBOO MUSICAL
INSTRUMENTS also held
a record of MASSIVE
MUSICAL ORCHESTRA
PARTICIPATED BY OVER
1200 PEOPLE IN TONDANO,
NORTH CELEBES IN 2009.
SASANDO – EAST
NUSA TENGGARA
Sasando is a traditional
musical instrument that
combines THREE TYPES OF
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS,
NAMELY HARP, PIANO AND
GUITAR; three MUSICAL
INSTRUMENTS IN ONE
RHYTHM SECTION
YAKKUB BULLAN once
played Sasando in Indonesian
Cultural Night in Museo
Nacional de Bellas Artes and
Instituto Superior de Artes
Havana, Cuba.
SASANDO HAS BEEN
REGISTERED TO THE
UNESCO FOR INTANGIBLE
CULTURAL HERITAGE ,
pending the announcement.
Sources : muri.org; guinessworldrecord.com
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
56

63. PENCAK SILAT FOR THE WORLD
A
genuine and native Indonesian martial art called Pencak Silat was first introduced by King Erlangga of Sidoarjo, East
Java in the early years of the first millennium. This self defense system was initially used to exhibit power and defend
territory from enemy invasion
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
57

64. D
uring the era of kingdoms on Java,
Sumatera, BORNEO, CELEBES up
to Malay Peninsula, people created
various moves adapted from local animal
behaviours in the environment.
Those kingdoms were as follows: Kutai,
Tarumanegara, Mataram, Kediri, Singasari,
Sriwijaya, Majapahit
During colonial era, Pencak Silat was
instrumental in combating foreign forces in
Indonesia. One remarkable incident was the
heroic battle of Surabaya in November 1945
Today, Pencak Silat us taught in Indonesian
Military Academy as well as many schools of
Martial Arts in the world
Source: wikipedia
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
58

65. CIMANDE VILLAGE,
THE BIRTHPLACE OF FAMOUS PENCAK SILAT
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
59
PENCAK SILAT CIMANDE IS ALSO
KNOWN TO CURE BONE FRACTURES
AND DEFORMATION.

66. Pencak Silat is NOW
ORGANIZED WORLDWIDE
under PENCAK SILAT
FEDERATION, and at
the moment it members
40 COUNTRIES. This
federation is centered towards
INDONESIA’S PENCAK
SILAT LEARNING INSTITUTE
CALLED PADEPOKAN located
in Indonesia Miniature Garden in
Jakarta.
THE FIRST PENCAK SILAT
WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP
WAS HELD IN VIENNA,
AUSTRIA IN 1986.
THE MOVIE “THE RAID” won
various international film festivals
and subsequently put Pencak
Silat on the world stage. There
are now at least 600 styles
and moves of pencak silat in
Indonesia alone.
Influenced by local cultures,
pencak silat is also dominant in
religious nuance.Sources : tiff.net; Research and Development Ministry of Health
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
60

67. Stone jumping tradition in Nias
island, North Sumatera, popularly
known as HOMBO BATU OR
FAHOMBO, has existed for
centuries amongst megalith
cultures on an island with 700,000
population, of 5,625 KM2 and
surrounded by Indian Ocean.
Pile of rocks that must be jumped
over is 2 METERS HIGH, 90 CM
WIDE AND 60 CM LONG. The
top rock may not be touched and
perfect landing must be performed,
otherwise the risk of broken bones
or muscular injuries is unavoidable.
OLD TRADITIONS
NEVER FADE AWAY
OLYMPICS
Man On the 1996 Olympics in Atlanta, Charles Austin from USA jumped as high as 2,39 meters
Woman On the 2004 Olympics in Athens, Slesarenko Yelena from Russia jumped as high as 2,06 meters
NATIONAL
Man On the 2012 National Games (PON) in Pekanbaru, Riau, Andre Dermawan jumped as high as 2.15 meters
Woman On the 2012 National Games (PON) in Pekanbaru, Riau, Andre Dermawan jumped as high as 2.15 meters
NIAS ISLAND
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
61

68. REOG is one of Indonesia’s numerous well-preserved traditional
dances. It originates from PONOROGO , a city on northwest
East Java. Thus the dance inherits its famous name; Reog
Ponorogo. The dancer is believed to obtain power from mystical
or supernatural realm.
The male dancer wears a crowned lion mask made from
peacock feathers. HE HOLDS THIS 60 KG MASK WITH
HIS TEETH. He gains this powerful strength from an in-depth
spiritual exercises including fasting and meditation.
Sources : indonesia.travel; olympic.org
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
62

69. NELSON MANDELA
PROMOTED BATIK IN
UNITED NATIONS
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
63
A batik designer, NUSJIRWAN
TIRTAAMIDJAJA, or known as IWAN
TIRTA introduced Indonesia’s batik to the
world. His batik was first WORN BY THE
WORLD LEADERS DURING APEC
SUMMIT IN BOGOR, INDONESIA
IN 1994.
Nelson Mandela ALWAYS WORE BATIK
IN MANY DIGNIFIED AND MAJESTIC
FORA INCLUDING IN THE UN GENERAL
ASSEMBLY AND DURING A VISIT TO THE
BUCKINGHAM PALACE.

70. WOVEN FABRIC
The world famous designer house Gucci
used Indonesian woven fabric as material
for their fashion line. International markets
have acknowledged the quality of Indonesian
woven fabric. The fabric is considered
valuable due to its handcrafting process.
Hence an international brand like Gucci
agreed to collaborate with Indonesian
weaver.
The woven fabric were presented on
international designer runways from Milan,
Paris and now in London. In 2010 Fashion
Week Spring, Frida Gianini from Gucci
exhibited a cocktail fashion collection with
tribal style theme using ikat; a traditional
woven fabric pattern from Sumbawa,
Indonesia.
• Sumbawa Weaving
from Sumbawa
WEAVING ORIGIN :
• East Nusa Tenggara
Weaving from Timor
• Troso Weaving
from Jepara
• Lombok Weaving from
Lombok
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
64

71. PUNCAK JAYAWIJAYA IS ONE OF THE
WORLD’S SEVEN SUMMITS WITH THE
HIGHEST PEAK OF AN ISLAND. It is also called by
many other names such as: Mount Carstensz, Carstensz Pyramide or
Carstensz Topenz. The native has its own names like Nemangkawi according
to Amunkal Tribe, Ngga Pulu and Mount Sukarno. Puncak Jaya, which is
located on equatorial region, has stable climate with the average 0.5 degree
Celsius temperature fluctuation per year.
PAPUA IS THE FOURTH
HIGHEST TERRAIN AND
THE LARGEST ISLAND
IN THE WORLD. Its climate
and topography provide diversities in
ecosystem. THE ISLAND HAS
COMPLETE ECOSYSTEM
such as snow, tundra, savannah,
mountains, rain forest valley, mangrove, wet
land, lake, river, sea grass and tropical coral
reef, home to the most diversed sea species
in the world.
KOTEKA AND PAPUA
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
65
KOTEKA is traditional male covering used in native Papua cultures. IT IS MADE
FROM MARROW OUTER SKIN . Koteka is made by taking out marrow’s
flesh and seed and drying the outer skin under sun. Literally, the word koteka means
“clothes” and is derived from a language of one of the ethnics in Paniai. SOME
PAPUA HIGHLAND ETHNICITIES CALL IT HOLIM OR
HORIM.

72. BAJOE TRIBE is also
called SEA NOMADS
who refuse to live on land. They
are nomadic and live on boats
journeying from coast to coast.
They originate in South East
Celebes and voyaged as far as the
Philippines.
THE BADUI AND
ARABIC BADAWI which
is world apart refuse to adopt
modern living. They both are
custodians of their pristine habitat.
Much like the Amish in USA.
TENGGER TRIBE is a
native community who inhabits
Mount Bromo plateau; an active
volcanic mountain ridge in Bromo
Tengger Semeru National Park,
East Java. TENGGER
PEOPLE ARE
FAITHFUL HINDUS
but unlike Balinese Hindus, the
Tengger people do not worship
their Hindu religion in temples or
religious domes. They believe that
they are the last pure descendants
of Majapahit Empire.
DANI is one of the tribes living
in Papua Island. The community
settles at Grand Baliem Valley
in Wamena, Papua. THE
VALLEY IS FAMOUS
FOR ITS ANNUAL
FESTIVAL, KNOWN
AS THE BALIEM
VALLEY FESTIVAL
ON AUGUST.
THE THREE-DAY
FESTIVAL SHOWS
THE RE-ENACTMENT
OF WAR BETWEEN
DANI, LANI AND YALI
TRIBE SYMBOLLING
FERTILITY AND
PROSPERITY. The Danis
live in a traditional house called Honai
and had a unique feast named Bakar
Batu (Burning Stone) where meals
are roasted within special burned
stones. This feast can also be found
throughout Papua.
INDIGENOUS INDONESIAN
Sources : indonesia.travel; Ministry of Home Affairs
INDONESIA
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66

73. GADANG TRADITIONAL HOUSE:
MINANGKABAU, WEST SUMATERA
The traditional Minangkabau house is proven to have the flexibility and sturdiness to withstand tremors beyond 8 Richter Scale.
It uses no nails to bind each section but a carved joint to glue it together. During the horrific earthquake on 30 September 2009,
these houses remained standing and intact.
Sources : theinternationaljournal.org, parisada.org, indonesia.travel, Moluccas Cultural Foundation
QUAKEPROOF
TRADITIONAL HOUSES
T
raditional houses in Indonesia
are not only beautifully designed
but also quakeproof.
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
67

74. WOLOAN TRADITIONAL STILTS HOUSE,
TOMOHON, NORTH CELEBES
The stilts house is constructed from selected woods like ironwood
(Eusideroxylon zwageri) and Magnolia wood. The wood structure
is well known for its durability during earthquake. Since 90’s
era, Woloan Stilts House is exported to overseas such as Latin
America countries, Asia and even Europe.
JOGLO TRADITIONAL HOUSE,
YOGYAKARTA
The house has its own uniqueness on the solid arch roof
construction. Each room has its own individual roof. It has
four main pillars to support the main structure and hold the
roof. Joglo structure is made from wood logs frame which is
assembled like a tent.
LAHEIK TRADITIONAL HOUSE,
KERINCI, RIAU
Laheik or Larik in Bahasa Indonesia means lines. The house
is constructed from logs which are assembled using pegs.
Moreover each part is assembled using roots fibre rope.
Laheik is commonly built in Lake Kerinci region which is
situated on caesarean tectonic plates of Asia and Australia
OMO HADA TRADITIONAL HOUSE,
NIAS, NORTH SUMATERA
Based on its structure, Traditional Nias house construction consisted
of column (enomo) and beam (ndriwa). The columns are supported
by big rocks as the foundation against strong wind. Furthermore,
the diagonal column becomes the key to its steady and flexible
architecture when earthquake occurs.
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
68

75. One example of such tradition is
TRI HITA KARANA. It is a Balinese
local wisdom which highlights three
main elements of harmony. The three
elements are harmony between
human and environment, harmony
among humans and harmony between
human and God. It becomes the
APEC Economies sustainable tourism
tagline because the purpose of
development is not only to accelerate
economic growth but also to preserve
sustainable environment from which
human gets the benefits.
SUBAK is an irrigation system in Bali based on local wisdom reflecting Tri Hita Karana
concept. It is a comprehensive communal water management based on cultural
values, land use, water level and quality. The system based on the foundation of
Hindu rules and values is the integration of landscapes, cultural values in civil society
and unique faith system. Subak is one of the oldest form of democracy in the world as
applied on water management for crops, pura (temple), worship places and houses.
TRI HITA KARANA, ENVIRONMENT
CONSERVATION TRADITION
Indonesia is blessed with diversed and abundant ethnics and
cultures. Traditions born from Indonesian ethnic and cultural
communities are still well preserved until today.
Source : trihitakarana.info
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
69

76. IMPROVING VILLAGE ECONOMY
Local wisdom through mutual
cooperation is also reflected in
warteg (street restaurant). The
restaurant management is rotated
amongst family or hometown friends
as the reflection of: cooperation in
social and economy order and for
working opportunity for family and
friends. This is one of much historical
local wisdoms which is still practiced
by some communities.
TALLASA KAMASE-MASE is the
principle of life for Kajang community.
They were taught to live a humble,
modest live and to avoid greed.
Environment is seen as part of their
living ecosystem, rather than lifeless
foreign objects.
The community living in Bulukumba
Regency, South CELEBES divides
the forest into three zones. The first
zone is Borong Karamaka (Forbidden
Forest) where the forest potentials are
prohibited to be exploited. The second
is Borong Batasaya (Boundary Forest)
where its wood can be used but based
on traditional laws. The last is Borong
Luarayya (Utilization Forest) where
people may plant woods like bitti or
crops like cocoa. These local wisdoms
can effectively preserve the sustainable
environment.
PELA GADONG is a concept
to establish brotherhood among
kampong (communities) in Moluccas
particularly the Ambon Island. The
idea was born from the agreements
of inter-communities’ ancestors.
That is still well preserved by their
generations in upholding social law.
Source : palingindonesia.com Sources : parisada.org, indonesia.travel
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
70

77. BOROBUDUR IS THE LARGEST TEMPLE IN
THE WORLD
• The temple is located in Borobudur Village,
Magelang Regency, Central Java.
• It is 42 metres high (10 storey) with more
than 1 kilometre long reliefs.
• It is estimated that Syailendra Dynasty from
Ancient Mataram Kingdom (ca. 750-850 CE)
took 40 years to construct.
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
71
INDONESIA, A NATION OF 1000 TEMPLES

78. SUKUH TEMPLE, A HISTORICAL TRAPEZIUM ARCHITECTURE
According to history books, the oldest civilization is characterized by its
trapezium architecture for example Chichen Itza Pyramide in Yucatan,
Mexico. Accordingly, Indonesia has Sukuh Temple with the similar
architecture.
1. It is located at Sukuh Village, Karanganyar Regency, Central Java.
2. The temple relief shows erotic depiction of naked figures and
headless character (Gupala Statue).
3. Known as “The Last Temple” It is the last temple built before the
fall of Majapahit Empire in Central Java.
Source:
www.indonesia.travel/id
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
72

79. CETHO TEMPLE
KARANGANYAR, CENTRAL JAVA
• It is built during Hindu Majapahit Kingdom
golden age in 15TH CENTURY.
• “CETHO” IN JAVANESE LANGUAGE
MEANS CLEARLY VISIBLE. Furthermore it
means that from the village, people can observe
clearly the three surrounding mountains. THEY
ARE MOUNT MERBABU, MOUNT MERAPI
AND MOUNT LAWU. In addition, people can
see the peaks of Mount Sindoro and Mount
Sumbing.
• Cetho Temple reliefs are decorated with GIANT
TURTLE, THE SUN (PROBABLY SYMBOL
OF THE SUN OF MAJAPAHIT KINGDOM )
and 2 metres long of PHALLUS SYMBOL
(MALE GENITAL) with ampallang piercing.
• A ROUGH CARVING OF TURTLE SHAPE
symbolizes request or demands to God.
MOUNT PADANG SITE
• The site is located AT MOUNT PADANG,
KARYAMUKTI VILLAGE, CAMPAKA
DISTRICT, CIANJUR REGENCY.
• Its age is estimated 4500 YEARS OLD which
means IT IS OLDER THAN MESOPOTAMIA
CIVILIZATION AND THE GIZA PYRAMID
IN EGYPT. It is also believed as the oldest
civilization in the world.
• It is not a simple site but an enormous
monument. THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE IS
900 SQUARE METRES IN THREE HECTARES
OF TOTAL SIZE. It is ten times wider than
Borobudur in Central Java.
• The age is different for each stone layer. THE
TOP LAYER IS ESTIMATED FROM 500 BC
while the BOTTOM IS FROM 7000 BC.
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
73

80. MUARO JAMBI TEMPLE COMPOUND
• It is located in MUARO JAMBI TEMPLE
COMPOUND, MUARO SERBO DISTRICT,
MUARO JAMBI REGENCY
• The compound size COVERS AN AREA OF
12 SQUARE KILOMETRES WITH MORE
THAN SEVEN KILOMETRES IN LENGTH,
STRETCHING ALONG THE RIVER BANK. IT IS
ESTIMATED TO BE 12 TIMES LARGER THAN
BOROBUDUR COMPOUND, AND TWICE THAN
ANGKOR WAT COMPOUND IN CAMBODIA.
• The record shows that there are 11 MAIN
TEMPLES FOUND IN THE COMPOUND, some
of which had been restored. THE RESTORED
TEMPLES ARE GUMPUNG, TINGGI, TINGGI
I, GEDONG, GEDONG I AND II, KEDATON,
KOTO MAHLIGAI, ASTANO, TELUK I AND
II, BUKIT SENGALO AND KEMBAR BATU.
IT IS BELIEVED THAT THERE ARE STILL 82
UNEARTHED TEMPLES IN THE COMPOUND.
SAMBISARI TEMPLE
• The temple is situated at the north of Yogyakarta-
Solo main road about 12 KILOMETRES EAST
OF YOGYAKARTA CITY.
• It is estimated built on 812-838 CE when Hindu
Mataram or Ancient Mataram Kingdom ruled by
King Rakai Garung from Syailendra Dynasty.
• Sambisari is a unique temple because LOCATED
ON 6.5 METRES BENEATH EARTH SURFACE.
Thus it is also known as underground temple.
However experts predict that it was initially
above the earth level like many other temples.
But the region was COVERED BY VOLCANIC
MATERIALS DUE TO MOUNT MERAPI
ERUPTION ON 1006 AD
Source : www.indonesia.travel/id
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
74

81. STANDING THROUGH THE TEST OF TIME
FORTS
D
espite mentioned in the history that 459 forts were built in Indonesia, only 275
forts have been identified. Those historical buildings were scattered across
Indonesia, from its large islands to the smallest ones, with various physical
conditions.
Now the forts have been standing throughout Indonesian history. Some forts such as
Fort Vredeburg in Yogyakarta, Fort Rotterdam in Makassar of South Celebes, and Fort
Marlborough in Bengkulu are still standing tall in excellent physical condition, serving as
important city landmark. The forts in Indonesia served not only as protection from enemy,
but also as a place for trade activities. Therefore, the architecture combined military
architecture with rooms for traders from office, warehouse, place of worship, hospital, to
soldier barrack.
The forts resemble a complex or a small town consisting of various facilities for the
community living in the forts. Generally, the forts were situated along the coast near
harbor, or along river banks.
TROPICAL ART-DECO
BANDUNG
U
ntil today, Bandung is still home to
several best examples of Tropical
Art-deco architecture in the world.
These buildings in European architectural
style were built in the 1920s, when the Dutch
government was gradually moving its capital
to Bandung. During that time, many wealthy
Dutch people lived in Bandung, thus the city
was named “Parijs van Java”—Paris of Java.
The most famous building with deco
architecture is Gedung Sate, the building
which now become West Java Governor’s
office. This glamorous building with antenna
similar to satay combined a neo-classic style
with indigenous elements, creating elegance
and unique combination of West and East
ambiance.
Indonesia has been known as a nation rich of spices, that many other nations had been attracted to come and explore its resources
since the 16
th
century. For several reasons foreigners like Portuguese, Dutch, and English made their effort to defend their position and
monopoly trade in the country by developing their territories and forts.
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
75

82. KERATON
NGAYOGYAKARTA
HADININGRAT
K
eraton or kraton in Javanese
means palace. One of the famous
keraton is Keraton Ngayogyakarta
Hadiningrat or Yogyakarta Palace. Until
today the palace has well preserved
physical building, function, tradition, and
social system. Physically, the palace of
Sultan Yogya consists of seven main
complexes, namely Siti Hinggil Ler
(North Hall), Kamandhungan Ler (North
Kamandhungan) Sri Manganti, Kedhaton,
Kamagangan, kamandhungan Kidul (South
Kamandhungan) and Siti Hinggil Kidul
(South Hall).
LUBANG JEPANG,
BUKITTINGGI,
WEST SUMATERA
L
ubang Jepang (literally means
Japanese Hole) is a tunnel
(bunker) for shelter, built by
Japanese army for defense, during
Japanese occupation of Indonesia,
around the year 1942. There are 21
tunnels in 1470 meters length, built by
Romusha (forced laborers) who were
sent from BORNEO and CELEBES.
Some rooms in the tunnel were
functioned as military room, torture
chamber, ammunition storage room,
and detention room.
LAWANG SEWU
L
awang Sewu in Javanese means
One Thousand Doors; while actually
it only has 429. However, it has
1200 door leaves in either two hinges or
two sliding door leaves.
Source :
www.indonesia.travel/id
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
76

83. INDONESIA,
PELANGI DUNIA
TRIBUTES TO THE LATE AND ETERNAL SOULS
“NGABEN”, BALINESE CREMATION
CEREMONY
N
gaben is a ceremony of
incineration of corpse or
cremation carried out by Hindu
people in Bali, Indonesia. The essence of
this ceremony is to send back the spirit
of the ancestors (deceased people) to
its origin. The ritual is usually performed
festively without mourning.
For some of us death is a sacred event that needs special ceremony to honor it. In Indonesia, some rituals of death are still preserved
in its people’s culture up to this moment:
CEMETERY IN TRUNYAN VILLAGE,
KINTAMANI, BALI
T
runyan is the name of a village
situated at the edge of Batur Lake,
Kintamani, Bali. When a villager
died, the corpse would not be burried
on the ground, instead, it would be laid
to rest on a large stone which has 7
concaved surfaces. The dead body of
the deceased will only be covered by
rudimentary bamboo cages. Strangely,
despite the absence of embalmment,
the corpse would not cause stench.
The explanation on why the corpse
which is only laid on the ground do not
spread stench although it is naturally
decomposing lies on a tree called Taru
Menyan. Taru Menyan trees produce
scent that could neutralize the unpleasant
odor from the dead body. Taru means
tree, and Menyan means pleasant smell,
it only grows in this village. Therefore, the
tree Taru Menyan, which is later more
popular as Trunyan, is believed as the
origin of the village’s name.
Their tradition arranged that the area of
cemetery for the deceased villager would
differ in accordance to the cause of death
or their marital status.
When a Trunyan villager dies naturally,
the corpse would be covered in white
cloth. Moreover, a funeral ceremony
would be held for the deceased, and
the corpse would be laid on the ground,
under a big Taru Menyan tree in an area
named Sema Wayah.
If someone died of unnatural causes
such as accident, suicide, or murder,
the corpse would be laid in a different
area named Sema Bantas. While
for babies and children as well as
unmarried adult, the deceased would be
laid in Sema Muda.
77
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES

84. INDONESIA,
PELANGI DUNIA
CEMETARY OF DAYAK BENUAQ ,
EAST BORNEO
T
he Benuaq or Bentian burry the
body of a deceased person in a
carved wooden coffin-like container
which is fixed on top of a wooden post or
hung on ropes. After a few years they will
open the grave and exhume the bones to
eventually bless them and put them in a
container fixed on permanent posts.
TRIBUTES TO THE LATE AND ETERNAL SOULS
BATU LEMO, TANA TORAJA
L
ies in the village of Batu Lemo,
Tana Toraja, is a graveyard on
the face of a rock-cliff. The graves
have been there since the 16
th
century.
There are 75 holes on the rock cliff, some
of which with wooden statues called tau
tau displayed on balconies carved into the
cliffs. The statues are symbols of social
status and role when they lived as local
nobles.
On the side of the cliff is a hill with deep
cave. Wooden coffins are arranged in
groups based on family lines.
KAMBIRA TANA TORAJA
BABY CEMETARY
As for deceased babies, the bodies are
embalmed and covered in cloth for later
be put in holes on big trees. The holes
would then be covered by woven palm
fiber. The Torajans consider the ritual as
similar with returning the babies back to
their mothers wombs. The place of the
hole on the tree defines social strata of the
family. The higher the hole, the higher the
social status is.
ASMAT TRIBE MUMMIFICATION
A
smat tribe of Papua has a custom
of body mummification, They
usually perform the mummification
for the chief of tribe or war commander.
Bodies are mummified using traditional
ingredients to honor traditional heritage
and religion. Currently we can find three
mummies in Papua; Aikima mummy in
Aikima, Jiwika mummy in Jiwika, and
Purno Mummy in Asologaima. The three
mummies are in Wamena.
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
78

85. INDONESIA,
PELANGI DUNIA
Majority of Indonesian internet users own
motor vehicle.
• 88.6% have motorcycles
• 17.4% have cars
• 16.8% have both
INDONESIA INTERNET USER
IS DOMINATED BY MIDDLE-CLASS SOCIETY.
6 OF 10 INTERNET USERS visit social network every month
58
MILLION
PERSONS
Currently
Indonesian
mobile internet
consumers
reach
3 OF 10 NETIZENS claimed to replace their mobile phones
in the past year
1 OF 10 NETIZENS claimed to replace their laptops or netbooks
in the past year
An estimation by Indonesia Internet Service Provider Association (APJII), Indonesia internet user:
2012 = 63 MILLION USERS
2013 = 82 MILLION USERS
2014 = 107 MILLION USERS
2015 = 139 MILLION USERS
OR 50% OF INDONESIAN TOTAL POPULATION
40% (24.2 MILLION PERSONS)
of Indonesian internet users spend
more than 3 HOURS ONLINE
PER DAY.
63.95% OF 63 MILLION USERS
have Facebook and Twitter accounts
2,3%
Majority of Indonesian
internet users are youth
of
15-35
YEARS
OF AGE
OF WORLD’S
INTERNET USER IS
INDONESIAN
INDONESIA CYBER WAVESCAPE
79
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES

86. INDONESIA,
PELANGI DUNIA
Majority of Indonesian netizen is
BARGAIN HUNTER. When they
are about to do a purchase, they
tend to collect as many information
as possible about the product in
order to avail themselves with the
best product.
ONLINE SHOPPING
• 3.7 MILLION NETIZENS buy/sell online using various exitsting platforms from Facebook, e-Commerce site, Classified Ads
forum, BlackBerry Group, Blog, to Twitter.
• BANK TRANSFER is the most favorite payment method in online shopping.
• Only 3.9% online shopper pay with CREDIT CARDS.
• Products bought online by netizens are dominated by FASHION, APPAREL, and ACCESSORIES.
• Average Budget for netizens’ online shopping is around US$ 14.
• Women: APPAREL, ACCESSORIES, BAGS.
• MEN: TICKETS, BOOKS, ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS SUCH AS HANDPHONE, COMPUTER, OR LAPTOP.
Sources: Mark Plus Insight Netizen Survey 2012,
Nielsen, Markplus, APJII, Renstra Ditjen IKP 2011-2014 Kominfo
NETIZEN ARE
BARGAIN
HUNTER
56.4%
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
80
D
id you know that in Indonesia, communication and internet have become parts of people’s primary
need? A study conducted by a magazine stated that phone credit and internet connection cost
have become a spending more significant than food, beverages, transportation, body care, and
health expenditure.
ON-LINE CONTINUOUS CONNECTIVITY

87. INDONESIA,
PELANGI DUNIA
CELLULAR PHONE
TELEVISIONSMARTPHONE
RADIO
NEWSPAPERS
INTERNET
MAGAZINES
104%
95% 67%
47%
25%
24%
13%
MEDIA
PENETRATION
IN INDONESIA
INDONESIA,
PELANGI DUNIA
81
Irrespective of a lower income per capita of average Indonesian, each citizen
has at least one cellular phone toppled with the growing number of social and
modern media, the country has a wealth of media spanning from big cities to
rural villages
THE DYNAMICS OF INDONESIA’S
CURRENT MASS MEDIA

88. INDONESIA,
PELANGI DUNIA
1
300++
415
495
1465
737
218
69
257
10
NUMBER OF
TV STATIONS
PUBLIC TV
LOCAL TV
STATION
DAILY
NEWSPAPER
MAGAZINE
RADIO
PRINT MEDIA
TELEVISION
ONLINE MEDIA
TABLOID
PRIVATE TV
STATION
NUMBER OF PRINT MEDIA
IF HUMAN EYES COULD SEE THE FREQUENCY WAVES,
COULD YOU IMAGINE HOW INDONESIAN SKY WOULD LOOK LIKE?
INDONESIA THE UNTOLD STORIES
82

89. T
he world’s top electronic cellular
brands will not exist without Bangka
and Belitung’s tins. These are islands
located in the western Indonesia and
contributes to one third of the world’s tin
supplies.
BANGKA
AND
BELITUNG’S
TIN ON
WORLD’S
PHONES
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
83

90. CHINA
152,000 METRIC TONS
MALAYSIA
37,800 METRIC TONS
PERU
25,400 METRIC TONS
THAILAND
22,900 METRIC TONS
INDONESIA
52,300 METRIC TONS
26% of world production
WORLD’S TIN PRODUCER (2012)
WORLD’S LARGEST
TIN EXPORT,
800 kilo tons of
TIN RESERVES, or
Sources: US Geological Survey, PT Timah Tbk.
16.6%
of the world’s reserves of
4.8 MILLION TONS
Indonesian Tin Exchange specialized in
transaction of export tin ingots defines
the world’s tin price. Tin ingots trade through
exchange mechanism could prevent practice
of “under invoice”, increase reception of royalty,
prevent illegal tin trade, and increase Indonesia’s
competitiveness. The principle of exchange trade
is free and fair trade where seller and buyer are
free to carry out any transaction without any
restrictions.
100,876 TONS
in 2012.
is the world’s
largest TIN
company.
3
rd
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
84

91. Indonesia is the world’s
2
nd
largest exporter with
203 million tons
of export. On the first position
is Australia (252 million tons).
China, as the world’s largest
coal producer only sits on the 7
th

position of world’s coal exporter
(47 million tons).
Indonesia’s coal reserves
is only 0.5 %
of world’s reserves yet it
is the world’s 6
th
largest
producer with 246
million tons production.
INDONESIA:
A TREASURE ISLAND
INDONESIA HOLDS HUGE UNDER GROUND MINERALS
AND PRECIOUS COMMODITIES DEPOSITS. GOLD,
COPPER, COALS, OILS, GAS, DIAMONDS, AND PRECIOUS
MINERALS ARE FOUND ACROSS THE COUNTRY.
COAL
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
85

92. World’s 2
nd

largest LNG
exporter
country of as
much as
29.6 BCF
World’s 13
th
country
with largest natural gas
reserves of as much as
92.9
TCF
World’s 8
th

largest natural gas
producer country
with 7.2 TCF
production.
World’s 18
th

natural gas
consumer with
3.8
BCF/day of
consumption.
GOLD COPPER
NICKEL
The world’s
largest gold mine
is Grasberg Mine
(Freeport) in Papua.
It is the
world’s 6
th

largest gold
producer
with 6.7%
of world production
It has
the world’s
7
th

largest gold
potential.
7
th

largest contribution to
the world’s copper reserves
with 4.1%
Indonesia is the 2
nd
largest copper producer
with 10.4% of
world production and
the world’s
Indonesia has the world’s
8
th

largest nickel reserves
with 2.9%
of world’s nickel reserves.
It is also the world’s 4
th

nickel
producer with 8.6% of
world production.
INDONESIA
THE UNTOLD STORIES
86

93. PAGE PHOTO/ PICTURE
DATE &
DOWNLOAD TIME
AUTHOR LINK
6
INDONESIAN MAP
ILLUSTRATION
20140507 10.44 Wikipedia: Indigo
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Ensiklopedia-
Indonesia.jpg
9
BACHRUDDIN JUSUF
HABIBIE
20140507 13.30
Office of the Vice
President The
Republic of Indonesia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bacharuddin_
Jusuf_Habibie_official_portrait.jpg
11
SOSROBAHU
TECHNIQUE
20140507 13.45 Jafkhairi
http://download.antarafoto.com/search-result/
dom-1398239101
11
TWO CREW COCKPIT
DESIGN
20140507 14.00
Ministry of
Transportation
http://m.dephub.go.id/read/berita/direktorat-
jenderal-perhubungan-udara/persyaratan-pilot-
asing-oleh-maspakai-penerbangan-nasional-
diperketat-15880
12
THE GUERRILLA WAR
TECHNIQUE
20140507 14.30 Punt / Anefo
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Abdul_Harris_
Nasution.jpg
14 PULAU R(H)UN 20140507 14.45 Lencer
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Banda_Islands_
en.png
16 COLOMBUS 20140507 15.00
Sebastiono del
Piombo
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Christopher_
Columbus.PNG
http://www.metmuseum.org/works_of_art/
collection_database/european_paintings/portrait_
of_a_man_said_to_be_christopher_columbus_
sebastiano_del_piombo_sebastiano_luciani/
objectview.aspx?page=1&sort=6&sortdir=asc&key
word=Piombo&fp=1&dd1=11&dd2=0&vw=0&collID
=11&OID=110002098&vT=1&hi=0&ov=0
16 NUTMEG 20140507 15.30 Brocken Inaglory
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nutmeg_Zanz41.
JPG
17 FRANKENSTEIN 20140507 16.05
A promotional photo
of Boris Karloff
as Frankenstein's
monster, using Jack
Pierce's makeup
design, Universal
Studios
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Frankenstein%27s_
monster_%28Boris_Karloff%29.jpg
LIST OF ILLUSTRATION SOURCES

94. 17 TAMBORA MOUNTAIN 20140508 17.03
Jialiang Gao (peace-
on-earth.org)
http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Caldera_Mt_
Tambora_Sumbawa_Indonesia.jpg
18 THOMAS JEFFERSON 20140508 12.14
Rembrandt Peale
(1778-1860)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Thomas_
Jefferson_by_Rembrandt_Peale_1805_cropped.jpg
18 NAPOLEON 20140508 12.14
The York Project:
10.000 Meisterwerke
der Malerei. DVD-
ROM, 2002. ISBN
3936122202.
Distributed by
DIRECTMEDIA
Publishing GmbH
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Jacques-
Louis_David_017.jpg
18 DRAISINE 20140508 11.34
Wilhelm Siegrist
(1797-1843)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Draisine1817.jpg
18
SUMBAWA
THOPOGRAPY
20140508 11.59 Sadalmelik
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sumbawa_
Topography.png
19 GUNUNG KRAKATAU 20140509 14.27
Lithograph: Parker
& Coward, Britain;
Original uploader
was Twinsday at
en.wikipedia
http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Krakatoa_
eruption_lithograph.jpg
20 WEDHUS GEMBEL 20140508, 11.22 A. Lesto P. Kusumo
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Merapi_
pyroclastic_flows.jpg
23 DANAU TOBA Barry Kusuma
http://indonesia.travel/en/destination/48/the-
incredible-lake-toba/article/27/lake-toba-history-of-
a-volcanic-mega-explosion-and-its-legend
25 TROWULAN TEMPLE 20140507 17.05
Gunawan
Kartapranata
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bajang_Ratu_
Gate_Trowulan.jpg
28
AUSTRALIA CONTINENT
ILLUSTRATION
20140508 16.50 Hans Braxmeier
http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Reliefmap_of_
Australia.png
31 INDONESIAN HERBS 20140509 17:50 heydrienne
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/
commons/0/03/Spices_22078028.jpg
33 PURWACENG 20140508 16.30 Ministry of Agriculture
http://perkebunan.litbang.deptan.go.id/wp-content/
uploads/2013/12/perkebunan_PurwocengPipru-05.
jpg
34 PASAK BUMI 20140508 17.29
Hutan Lindung
Sungai Wain
http://sungaiwain.org/wp-content/
uploads/2012/10/pasak-bumi.jpg
34
MADURESE
CONCOCTION
20140508 11.03 Miansari66
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Garam_Masala.
JPG

95. 35 A GLASS OF COFFEE 20140508 12.46 Indonesia.travel
http://indonesia.travel/public/media/images/
upload/poi/IMG_1293%20Kopi%20O,%20
Warung%20Kopi%20Legendaris%20Tung%20Tau.
JPG
35 LUWAK 20140508 08.58 Leendertz
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Luwak-Katze_in_
Kepahiang.jpg?setlang=id
35 LUWAK COFFEE 20140508 12.55 HaztechGuy
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Indonesian_
farmer_shows_coffee_beans_already_digested_
by_Asian_Palm_Civet,_but_before_cleaning_and_
roasting.jpg
37 PEPPER 20131014 15.52
http://ditjenbun.deptan.go.id/tanregar/berita-
226-meningkatkan-kemitraan-dan-penguatan-
kelembagaan-untuk-mensejahterakanpetani--lada.
html
37 TEA 20131014 13.11
http://balittri.litbang.deptan.go.id/eng/index.php/
component/content/article/26-news/42-the-four-
different-types-of-tea
37 JATROPHA CURCAS 20131014 12.11
http://cybex.deptan.go.id/category/bidang/
perkebunan/tanaman-tahunan/jarak-pagar
37 CLOVE 20131014 18.45 deptan.go.id
37 CASHEW 20131014 14.25 http://perkebunan.litbang.deptan.go.id/?p=4360
37 SUGAR-CANE 20131014 04.31
http://perkebunan.litbang.deptan.go.id/?page_
id=3755
37 COTTON 20131014 18.55
http://ditjenbun.deptan.go.id/perlindungan/berita-
189-musim-hujan-datang--penyakit-antraknosa-
dan-bercak-daun-kapasmengancam.html
37 TOBACCO 20130514 05.59
http://cybex.deptan.go.id/lokalita/pelatihan-
budidaya-tembakau-ram-0
37 SUNAN PECAN 20130514 15.41
http://cybex.deptan.go.id/penyuluhan/pembukaan-
lahan-dan-penanaman-kemiri-sunan
37 PATCHOULI 20131014 19.55
http://ditjenbun.deptan.go.id/perlindungan/berita-
194-layu-bakteri-yang-merugikan-tanaman-nilam.
html
39 RAFFLESIA ARNOLDI Kemparekraf
39 ORCHID Kemparekraf
41 KOMODO Kemparekraf
43
LEATHERBACK SEA
TURTLE
Fiqman Sunandar ANTARA FOTO

96. 43
LEATHERBACK SEA
TURTLE
ANTARA FOTO
44 COELACANTH 20140508 12.08 Qwertzy2
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/
ff/Latimeria_menadoensis.jpg --- http://opencage.
info/pics/Latimeria_menadoensis.asp disclaimer: to
share & to remix per 07052014
44 AROWANA 201405 09.13
Marcel Burkhard alias
cele4
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/
b4/Arowana.jpg
45 TARSIUS PRIMATE 20131014 19.55
http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Tarsius_tarsier_
Tandurusa_zoo.JPG
45 SUNBEAR 20140508 18.21 Ryan Poplin
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/
a0/Sun_Bear_7.jpg wikimedia commons.
Disclaimer: to share and to remix
46 BUTTERFLY Yusran Uccang ANTARA FOTO
46 JAVAN RHINOCERUS 20140508 13.15
http://www.
rhinoconservation.org
http://indonesia.travel/en/news/detail/778/
sumatran-baby-rhino-expected-to-be-born-in-the-
way-kambas-national-park
46 JAVAN RHINOCERUS 20140508 17.14
http://ppid.dephut.go.id/photos/news/ratubadak1.
jpg
46 BIRD OF PARADISE 20140508 18.12 Herry Wijayanto
http://indonesia.travel/public/media/images/
upload/poi/cendrawasih%20by%20herry%20
wijanto.jpg
47 GARUDA CONTINGENT Istimewa Penerangan Konga XXIII-H dan G/UNIFIL
47
SUSILO BAMBANG
YUDHOYONO UN
Istimewa Ani Yudhoyono
48 SOEKARNO Setkab
48 SOEHARTO Setkab
48 ABDURAHMAN WAHID Setkab
48 MEGAWATI Setkab
49 JAVAHARLAL NEHRU
Bundesarchiv, Bild
183-61849-0001 /
CC-BY-SA
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/
commons/d/d7/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-61849-
0001%2C_Indien%2C_Otto_Grotewohl_bei_
Ministerpr%C3%A4sident_Nehru_cropped.jpg
53
BENGAWAN SOLO
RIVER
20131014 19.55
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bengawan_
Solo_in_Solo.JPG
54
BENGAWAN SOLO
PAINTING
20101014 19.55
Abraham Salm
(Schilder)
Nederlands: Litho. Litho naar een oorspronkelijk
schilderij van A. Salm.. De rivier de Solo Link:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/
c1/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_De_rivier_de_
Solo_TMnr_3728-417.jpg

97. 55 EIFFEL TOWER 20140508 16.10 Brian Bibbets
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/
da/MG_8998.jpg Free License
55 CANADIAN FLAG 20131014 19.55
http://www.pch.gc.ca/
eng/1363356053583/1363342021822
55 GAMELAN Tony Kemparekraf
56 KARINDING Agus Bebeng ANTARA FOTO
56 ANGKLUNG Marshal Kemparekraf
56 SASANDO Bambang WidjanarkoKemparekraf
56 KOLINTANG
Jessica Helena
Wuysang
ANTARA FOTO
57 PENCAK SILAT 20140506 16.05 Maril Gafur
http://download.antarafoto.com/search-result/
dom-1399265701
59 CIMANDE VILLAGE
http://www.disparbud.jabarprov.go.id/wisata/
fimages/Kampung_Pulo.JPG
60
PADEPOKAN PENCAK
SILAT
20140508 12.05
Gunawan
Kartapranata
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/
be/Padepokan_Pencak_Silat_Gate.jpg
60
PENCAK SILAT
COMPETITION
www.kemlu.go.id/brussels/picture/pencak.jpg
60 POSTER THE RAID 20140507 16.15
http://www.indonesia.travel/id/news/detail/681/
memajukan-film-indonesia
61 STONE JUMPING NIAS 20140508 14.12 Fanny Octavianus
http://www.antarafoto.com/peristiwa/
v1252159004/lompat-batu
62 REOG 20140508 12.56 Sapto Budiarso
http://www.indonesia.travel/en/news/detail/723/
tall-ship-dewaruci-reaches-miami-harbor-u-s-a-
rendezvous-with-indonesian-community
63 ANI YUDHOYONO 20140508 13.30 Anung
http://www.presidenri.go.id/ibunegara/index.php/
galeri/album/thumb/detail/129/602/
63 NELSON MANDELA 20140508 12.41
South Africa the
Good News
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/
commons/1/14/Nelson_Mandela-
2008_%28edit%29.jpg
64 WOVEN FABRIC 20140508 08.39 Kemparekraf
65 KOTEKA 20140508 19.56
http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koteka#mediaviewer/
Plik:Koteka.jpg
65
PUNCAK JAYA (
PIRAMID CARTENZ)
20140508 12.26
http://www.indonesia.travel/en/destination/501/
carstensz-pyramid
66 BADUI TRIBE 20140507 10.31 Hafidzh Mubarak
http://www.antaranews.com/berita/409154/warga-
baduy-inspirasikan-praktik-kearifan-lokal

98. 66 TENGGER TRIBE 20140508 12.51 Musyawir
http://www.antarafoto.com/spektrum/
v1307689826/suku-tengger
66 BAJOE TRIBE 20140508 14.52
Sahrul Manda
Tikupadang
http://www.antarafoto.com/peristiwa/
v1321101007/suku-bajo
66 DANI TRIBE 20140508 15.27
http://www.indonesia.travel/en/destination/427/
baliem-valley-festival
67
GADANG TRADITIONAL
HOUSE
20140507 15.29
http://www.indonesia.travel/id/news/detail/766/
menggapai-finish-di-rumah-gadang-termegah-di-
sumatera-barat
68
OMO HADA
TRADITIONAL HOUSE
20140508 15.43 Monica Renata
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Omo_Sebua,_
South_Nias,_Indonesia.jpg
68
LAHEIK TRADITIONAL
HOUSE
20140509 15.59
Tropenmuseum of
the Royal Tropical
Institute (KIT)
http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:COLLECTIE_
TROPENMUSEUM_De_controleurswoning_
van_H.H._Morison_en_P.A._Morison-Noordermeer_
in_Kerintji_TMnr_60048866.jpg
68
WOLOAN TRADITIONAL
HOUSE
Ismar Patrizki ANTARA FOTO
68
JOGLO TRADITIONAL
HOUSE
Directorate General
of Indonesian Culture
http://kebudayaanindonesia.net/id/culture/1016/
rumah-adat-joglo
69 TRI HITA KARANA 20140508 10.22
http://www.indonesia.travel/public/media/images/
upload/poi/Paddy%20Fields,%20Pupuan,%20
BALI,%20PHOTO%20BY%20EFENDY%20BONG.
jpg
70
TALLASA KAMASE
MASE
http://v-images2.antarafoto.com/g-pr/1247116603/
tenun-kajang-03.jpg
70 PELA GADONG 20140508 08.37 Lencer
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:MOLUCCAS_
Islands_en.png
70 WARTEG 20140507 08.42 Veriyanta Kusuma
http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Food_at_
Warung_Tegal.jpg
71 BOROBUDUR TEMPLE Kemparekraf
72 SUKUH TEMPLE 20140507 10.38 Merbabu
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Candi_
Sukuh_2007.JPG (By: Merbabu)
73 MOUNT PADANG SITE
http://www.disparbud.jabarprov.go.id/destinasi/
userfiles/image/buat%20artikel%20copy.jpg

99. 73 CETHO TEMPLE 20140507 11.44 Kembangraps
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/
commons/8/8c/Ceto_tampak_depan.jpg (By:
Kembangraps)
73 MUARO JAMBI TEMPLE
http://indonesia.travel/public/media/images/
upload/poi/_MG_2201%20Candi%20Gedong%20
II.jpg
74 SAMBISARI TEMPLE 20140507 10.27 Crisco 1492
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/
commons/5/53/Sambisari_Panorama_%2829_
December_2013%29.jpg (By: Crisco 1492)
74 ROTTERDAM FORT
http://indonesia.travel/public/media/images/
upload/poi/fort%20rotterdam3.jpg
75 GEDUNG SATE
http://indonesia.travel/public/media/images/
upload/poi/1_bandung_gedungsate.jpg
75
KRATON
NGAYOGYAKARTA
HADININGRAT
http://indonesia.travel/public/media/images/
upload/poi/Keraton%20Yogya%202.jpg
76 LUBANG JEPANG
http://indonesia.travel/public/media/images/
upload/poi/Lampu%20menerangi%20Lobang%20
Jepang%20Bukittinggi.jpg
76 LAWANG SEWU
http://indonesia.travel/public/media/images/
upload/poi/lawangsewu2.jpg
76 NGABEN Agus Kustiwa
77
CEMETERY IN
TRUNYAN
20140508 18.43 Yusuf IJsseldijk
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/
commons/7/71/Human_skulls%2C_Trunyan%2C_
Lake_Batur%2C_Bali.jpg
77
CEMETARY OF DAYAK
BENUAQ
20140508 19.47 Tropenmuseum
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/
commons/4/41/COLLECTIE_
TROPENMUSEUM_Een_Benua_Dajak_
kamponghoofd_%28petinggi%29_van_Tanjongjan_
Borneo_TMnr_10001683.jpg
78
BATU LEMO, TANA
TORAJA
20140508 15.33
http://www.indonesia.travel/public/media/images/
upload/poi/Toraja-07.jpg
78
ASMAT TRIBE
MUMMIFICATION
20140508 12.41
http://www.indonesia.travel/en/destination/471/the-
wamena-highlands
78 Batu Lemo-Tana Toraja20140508 15.33  
http://www.indonesia.travel/public/media/images/
upload/poi/Toraja-07.jpg
78 Mumi Suku Asmat 20140508 12.41  
http://www.indonesia.travel/en/destination/471/the-
wamena-highlands