Inductor, capacitor and AC power (1).pptx

Inductor,capacitor and Ac power

1. Capacitor, Inductor, Phasor and AC power EEE 1181 (ME)

2. Capacitor A capacitor consists of two conducting plates separated by an insulator (or dielectric) Capacitance is the ratio of the charge on one plate of a capacitor to the voltage difference between the two plates, measured in farads (F) A capacitor is an open circuit to dc. The voltage on a capacitor cannot change abruptly Capacitor current Capacitor Voltage

3. Inductor An inductor consists of a coil of conducting wire I nductance is the property whereby an inductor exhibits opposition to the change of current flowing through it, measured in henrys (H). Inductor Voltage Inductor current An inductor acts like a short circuit to dc. The current through an inductor cannot change instantaneously.

4. Series Parallel of Capacitor and Inductor Self study

5. Inductor & Capacitor Math Solution

6. Sinusoids and Phasors (Leading Lagging of sinusoids) A sinusoid is a signal that has the form of the sine or cosine function. Useful formula for determination of leading lagging of different sinusoids Graphical approach for determination of leading lagging of different sinusoids

7. Sinusoids and Phasors (Leading Lagging of sinusoids)/Math Using Equation Using Graph It is easy t o see from Fig that v 2 leads v 1 by 30° that is, 90°-50°10°

8. Phasors A phasor is a complex number that represents the amplitude and phase of a sinusoid A complex number z can be represented by the following 3 ways The idea of phasor representation is based on Euler’s identity Where, This the phasor representation

9. Phasors

10. Phasor calculation math

11. Phasor Relationships for Circuit Elements For Resistor For Inductor For Capacitor

12. Impedance The impedance Z of a circuit is the ratio of the phasor voltage V to the phasor current I , measured in ohms (Ω ).

13. Sinusoidal SteadyState Analysis (Math)

14. Instantaneous and Average Power The instantaneous power (in watts) is the power at any instant of time. The average power, in watts, is the average of the instantaneous power over one period.

15. Instantaneous and Average Power (Math)

16. Effective or RMS Value The effective value of a periodic current is the dc current that delivers the same average power to a resistor as the periodic current Average power absorbed by R in AC Circuit Power absorbed by R in DC Circuit

17. Effective or RMS Value (Math)

18. Apparent Power and Power Factor The apparent power, S (in VA) is the product of the rms values of voltage and current The power factor is the ratio of the average power to the apparent power

19. Apparent Power and Power Factor (Math)

20. Complex Power Complex power (in VA) is the product of the rms voltage phasor and the complex conjugate of the rms current phasor. As a complex quantity, its real part is real power P and its imaginary part is reactive power Q.

21. Complex Power (Math)

22. Power Factor Correction The process of increasing the power factor without altering the voltage or current to the original load is known as power factor correction.

23. Power Factor Correction cont. If the original inductive load has S1 apparent power then,

24. Power Factor Correction math.