Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis- An Overview
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Nov 22, 2014
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About This Presentation
IHPS is the commonest cause for non-bilious vomiting in infants. Treatment is Ramsted's pyloromyotomy either open or laparoscopic.
Size: 7.47 MB
Language: en
Added: Nov 22, 2014
Slides: 27 pages
Slide Content
Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric
Stenosis (IHPS)
Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric
Stenosis (IHPS)
AN OVERVIEW AN OVERVIEW
Dr.B.SELVARAJ,MS;Mch;FICS; Dr.B.SELVARAJ,MS;Mch;FICS;
Neonatal & Pediatric Surgeon
Associate Professor
Melaka Manipal Medical College
Melaka- 75150
Malaysia
OBJECTIVES
•
To discuss the etiology, clinical features and
pathophysiology of IHPS
•
To discuss workup to clinch the correct
diagnosis
•
To discuss the various treatment options
•
To make you confident in managing an infant
with IHPS
Etiology
•
Hypertrophy of muscles surrounding pyloric
channel
•
Idiopathic
•
Various Hypothesis: Milk curd theory& theory of
Aganglionosis
•
Male:Female 4:1
•
Female parent with the disorder four times more
chances of having affected offspring
•
Increased incidence within families
History&Physical
•
Cyclical Nonbilious projectile vomiting at
2wks to 2 months of age
•
Usually first born male child
•
Failure to thrive
•
Loss of weight & Dehydration
•
Visible Gastric PeristalsisIIIIVGP
•
Olive tumor
•
Occasional jaundice
History & Physical
•
Nonbilious
projectile vomiting
at 3 to 6 weeks of
age
•
Usually first born
male child
•
Failure to thrive
•
Loss of weight &
Dehydration
•
Visible Gastric
PeristalsisIIIIVGP
Olive
tumor
–
Occasional
jaundice
IHPS- Paradoxical Aciduria
Differential Diagnosis
•
GE Reflux
•
Faulty feeding techniques
•
Indirect marker of illness like UTI, ICP and
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Workup
•AXR- Erect
:Dilated Stomach
•Barium meal series
: String sign and Rail
road track sign
•USG Abdomen
: Dilated and elongated
pyloric channel muscles
•
Serum electrolytes
•
Arterial blood gas analysis
Plain AXR & Barium Meal
USG Abdomen
USG Diagnostic criteria IHPS
•
Pyloric channel lengthIIII1.5 to 2 cms
(Normal 1.2cms)
•
Pyloric channel diameterIIII1.3 to 1.5cms
(Normal 1 cms)
•
Circular muscle thicknessIIII 4 to 5 mms
(Normal < 2mms)
Preop Preparation
•
NPO
•
NGT Decompression and gastric lavage
•
Correction of dehydration and alkalosis
withD5W with 1/2 normal saline •
Serum bicarbonate should be < 28 meq/ ltr and
Serum chloride should be > 100 meq/ltr before
taking up the child for surgery
Management
•
Fredet- Ramstedt’s Pyloromyotomy
IIIIconventional open procedure
•
Laparoscopic Pyloromyotomy
•
PostopIIIIProgressive increase in feeding
from 8 hrs onwards
•
D/C IVF if child tolerates 60ml Q3H