infection control

INFECTION CONTROL SLIDES BOTH FOR MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS...... CHECK IT OUT..........

1. SEMINAR ON INFECTION CONTROL BY:- Mr. SUNIL KUMAR FINAL YEAR M.Sc NURSING B.V.C.O.N. PUNE

2. DEFINITION: The definition of infection is the process of bacteria or viruses invading the body or making someone ill or diseased. When you catch a cold, this is an example of an infection. A virus is an example of an infection.

3. Infection may be local or generalized and spread throughout the body. Once the infectious agent enters the host it begins to proliferate and reacts with the defense mechanisms of the body producing infection symptoms and signs: pain, swelling, redness, functional disorders, rise in temperature and pulse rate and leukocytosis.

4. INFECTION CONTROL Infection control is the discipline concerned with preventing nosocomial or healthcare-associated infection. It is an essential (though often under-recognized and under-supported) part of the infrastructure of health care.

5. Infection control addresses factors related to the spread of infections within the health-care setting, including prevention, monitoring/investigation of demonstrated or suspected spread of infection within a particular health-care setting, and management (interruption of outbreaks).

6. OBJECTIVES OF INFCTION CONTROL:- To protect the patient and members of the hospital team from contracting infections during hospital procedures To reduce the numbers of pathogenic micro-organisms in the dental operatory to the lowest possible level. To implement a high standard of infection control when treating every patient (universal precautions)

7. STRATEGY TO ACHIEVE INFECTION CONTROL:- All patients must be screened. Barriers for personal protection. Careful aseptic techniques. Sterilization & disinfection. Disposal of contaminated waste safely.

8. IMPORTANCE OF INFECTION CONTROL Prevents post procedure infections Results in high-quality, safe services Prevents infections in service providers and other staff Protects the community from infections that originate from health care facilities Prevents the spread of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms Lowers the costs of health care services, since prevention is cheaper than treatment.

9. HOSPITAL INFECTION CONTROL PROGRAMME  The aim of the Hospital Infection Control Program is dissemination of information, surveillance activities, investigation, prevention and control of nosocomial infections in the hospitals. 

10. Nosocomial infections affects approximately 2 million patients annually in acute care facilities in our country and their annual patient care costs several millions of rupees.  Studies shows that nearly one-third of nosocomial infections can be prevented by a well organised infection control programme. But only less than 10% are actually prevented. 

11. To be effective the infections control programme should include the following.  1. Organised surveillance and control activities  2. One infection control practitioner for every major Health Facility.  3. A Trained Hospital Epidemiologist 

12. The important components of the infection control program are: basic measures for infection control, i.e. standard and additional precautions; education and training of health care workers; protection of health care workers, e.g. immunization; identification of hazards and minimizing risks; routine practices essential to infection control such as aseptic techniques ,

13. use of single use devices, reprocessing of instruments and equipment , antibiotic usage, management of blood/body fluid exposure, handling and use of blood and blood products, surveillance;

14. incident monitoring; outbreak investigation; infection control in specific situations; and Research sound management of medical waste;

15. ORGANIZATION OF AN INFECTION CONTROL PROGRAM As with all other functions of a health care facility, the ultimate responsibility for prevention and control of infection rests with the health administrator. The hospital administrator/head of hospital should: Establish an infection control committee which will in turn appoint an infection control team; Provide adequate resources for effective functioning of the infection control program.

16. In the majority of countries Infection control program (ICP), typically operates on two levels: an executive body – the infection control team (ICT) – and an advisory body to the hospital management – the infection control committee (ICC) – which adopts the ‘legislative’ role of policy making.

17. INFECTION CONTROL COMMITTEE INFECTION CONTROL TEAM INFECTION CONTROL MANUAL

18. INFECTION CONTROL COMMITTEE:- It is a multidisciplinary committee responsible for monitoring program policies implementation and recommend corrective actions. It includes representatives from different concerned hospital departments & management. They meet bimonthly. It establishes standards for patient care, it reviews and assesses IC reports and identifies areas of intervention.

19. The hospital ICC is charged with the responsibility for the planning, evaluation of evidenced-based practice and implementation, prioritization and resource allocation of all matters relating to infection control. The ICC must have a reporting relationship directly to either administration or the medical staff to promote ICP visibility and effectiveness. The ICC should meet regularly (monthly) according to local need

20. Team members to be authorised :- Team should have authority to manage an effective control program. Team should have a direct reporting with senior administration. Infection control team members or are responsible for day-to-day functions of IC and preparing the yearly work plan. They should be expert and creative in their job.

21. THE ICC HAS THE FOLLOWING TASKS:- To review and approve the annual plan for infection control To review and approve the infection control policies. To support the IC team and direct resources to address problems as identified To ensure availability of appropriate supplies To review epidemiological surveillance data and identify area for intervention.

22. To assess and promote improved practice at all levels of the health care facility To ensure appropriate training in infection control and safety. To review risks associated with new technology and new devices prior to their approval for use. To review and provide input into an outbreak investigation

23. THE ROLE OF ICN:- Identify , investigate and monitor infections, hazardous practice and procedures Participate in the preparation of documents relating to service specifications and quality standards. Participate in training and educational programs and in membership of relevant committees where infection control input is needed

24. Educate individuals and groups about the risk, prevention, transmission, and control of infection, disease-specific care,  appropriate precautions, and appropriate assessments Investigate, manage and conduct surveillance of suspected and confirmed outbreaks of infection

25. Training and education under the supervision of ICO Increase awareness among patients n visitors about infection control Maintain infection control standard and policies.

26. INFECTION CONTROL MANUAL:- Every Hospital should have a nosocomial infection prevention manual or a Hospital associated infection prevention manual containing recommended instructions and practices for patient care. The manual should be developed and updated by the infection control team and reviewed and approved by the committee. It must be made readily available for health care workers, and updated in a timely fashion.

27. SERVEILLANCE PREVENTIVE ACTIVITIE STAFF TRAINING

28. SURVEILLANCE:- DEFINATION :- It is the outgoing systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation and evaluation of health care practices.

29. PURPOSE OF SURVEILLANCE Reduce infection rates within a hospital Identify outbreak Convincing medical personnel Evaluating control measures

30. SURVEILLANCE ACTIVITIES:- Operative Procedures Critical Care Units (MICU, SICU, NICU) Targeted Surveillance Outbreak Investigation

31. AIMING AT PREVENTING SPREAD OF INFECTION: Treating all patients in the health care facility with the same basic level of “standard” precautions involves work practices that are essential to provide a high level of protection to patients, health care workers and visitors.

32. STANDARD PRECAUTIONS: These measures must be applied during every patient care, during exposure to any potentially infected material or body fluids as blood and others. Components: A. Hand washing. B. Barrier precautions. C. Sharp disposal. D. Handling of contaminated material.

33. HAND WASHING:- Hand washing is the single most effective precaution for prevention of infection transmission between patients and staff. Hand washing with plain soap is mechanical removal of soil and transient bacteria (for 10- 15 sec.) Hand antisepsis is removal & destroys of transient flora using anti-microbial soap or alcohol based hand rub (for 60 sec.)

34. BARRIER PRECAUTIONS  A general term referring to any method or device used to reduce contact with potentially  infectios  body fluids, including. facial masks, double gloving and fluid-resistant gowns gloves; protective eye wear (goggles); mask; apron; gown; boots/shoe covers; and Cap/hair cover.

35. SHARPE DISPOSAL Sharps are objects or devices that have been used in patient care, medical, research, or industrial laboratories. Sharps can be glass, metal, or plastic with rigid corners, sharp edges, or protruding pieces that can slice, scrape or pierce the skin. Sharps may include (but aren’t limited to ): Acupuncture needles Broken glass or capillary tubes Blood vials Scalpel blades Syringes with and without needles Suture needles Trauma scene waste that can cut,slice or pierce Culture dishes and slides Tubing with needles Needles and tubing

36. ADDITIONAL (TRANSMISSION-BASED) PRECAUTIONS:- Additional (transmission-based) precautions are taken while ensuring standard precautions are maintained. Additional precautions include: Airborne precautions; Droplet precautions; and Contact precautions.

37. Handling of contaminated material means proper biomedical waste management should be their.

38. [Bio-Medical Waste Management]

39. MANAGEMENT OF BIO MEDICAL WASTE :-

40. Bio Medical Wastes: Segregate and Pack it right at the point of Generation

41. Bio Medical Wastes Collection &Transport

42. Bio Medical Wastes Collection &Transport

43. STAFF TRAINING:-

44. Staff health promotion and education: 1. HCW’s are at risk of acquiring infection, they can also transmit infection to patients and other employee. 2. Employee health history must be reviewed, immunizations recommendations to be considered. 3. Release from work if sick, occupation injury must be notified. 4. Continuous education to improve practice, better performance of new techniques

45. Master institutional infection control orientation and in service education program-for all level staff Wards/departmental in service training program Infection control seminar/workshops and symposia

46. INFECTION CONTROL IN BHARATI HOSPITAL AND RESEARCH CENTRE PUNE

47. INFECTION CONTROL TEAM :- INFECTION CONTROL INCHARG:- Dr . Anuradha Tolpadi (microbiologist) SISTER INCHARGE:- Mrs . Sunita pawale INFECTION CONTROL NURSE:- Br . Sujitkumar Landge Mrs.Ancy C Br . Anoop K A

48. MANAGEMENT OF INFECTION CONTROL IN BHARATI HOSPITAL Monthly they have one infection control meeting on 3 rd Friday with all committee members In which they deal with all infection control prevention measures of hospital Also they discuss with all department and infection control nurse about monthly report of infection control in hospital

49. Also they have in-service education in hospital for staff, 2 times class lecture for staff and one time class lecture for infection control nurse. Also they give education to staff and students at bed sidesheir ICN has duty in 2 shifts 7:30 pm to 3:30 pm and 12 pm to 8:00 pm daily. They follow all the protocols like universal precaution, BMW etc.

50. THANK YOU THANKS TO ALL