Infection control.pptx in hospital settings

infection control is one of the most important topics for the healthcare professionals. every student should be aware of the control of infections and prevent cross infection.

1. iNTRODUCTION Infection control practiced by health care personal to prevent spread, transmission , and acquisition of infection between clients , from health care providers to clients and from clients to healthcare providers .

2. Types of infection Nosocomial infection Airborne infection Droplet infection Cross infection Acute infection Chronic infection sub- Clinical infection Local infection

3. NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION A hospital acquired infection [HIV] , also known as a nosocomial infection , is an infection that is acquired in a hospital or other health care facility .

4. INFECTION CONTROL IS BASED ON :- BASED Standard Precaution Additional Precaution BASED ON

5. STANDARD PRECAUTION Infection control practices used to prevent transmission of diseases that can be acquired by contact with blood , body fluids, non- intact skin and mucus membrane .

6. STANDARD PRECAUTION STEPS Hand washing Personal Protective Equipment Sterilization , Decontamination , Clearing Waste Disposal

7. HAND WASHING Hand washing also known as hand hygiene is the act of cleaning hands for the purpose of removing soil, dirt and microorganisms.

8. 7 STEPS OF HAND WASHING

9. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

10. STERILIZATION Sterilization is a process intended to kill all microorganisms and is the highest level of microbial kill that is possible.

11. FOUR MAIN WAYS STERILIZATION DRY HEAT

12. AUTO CLAVE

13. CHEMICAL STERILANTS SUCH AS FORMAL DEHYDE SOLUTIONS

14. RADIATION

15. DECONTAMINATION It is the reduction in the number of microorganisms on an object or surface but not the complete destruction of all microorganisms or spores.

16. CLEANING The hospital’s housekeeping department is responsible for the regular and routine cleaning of all surface and maintaining a high level of hygiene in the facility in collaboration with the infection control .

17. WASTE MANAGEMENT Waste management is the collection , transport, processing or disposal , managing and monitoring of waste material .

18. PURPOSE OF WASTE MANAGEMENT To reduce hazardous nature of waste To reduce volume of waste To prevent misuse or abuse of waste To ensure occupational safety and health

19. B I O W A S T E

20. ADDITIONAL PRECAUTIONS Additions are taken while ensuring standard precautions are maintained . Additional precaution include:- Airborne precautions Droplet precautions Contact Precautions

21. AIRBORNE PRECAUTIONS Airborne droplets or dust particles containing infectious agents can remain suspended in the air for long periods of time . Air currents can blow them long distances [Ex] mycobaterium , tuberculosis , Varicella [chicken pox ] , measles

22. DROPLET PRECAUTIONS Propelled short distances through the air Deposited on host’s conjunctiva , nasal mucosa or mouth Can be emitted during talking , sneezing, coughing [Ex] streptococcal pharyngitis, mumps, rubella, menigitis

23. CONTACT PRECAUTIONS Most important and frequent mode of transmission for nosocomial infections . [Ex] herpes [HSV] , scabies, respiratory, skin , wound infections.

24. NURSES SAFETY Separate trolleys for transporting waste within the hospital All workers involved in the work are aware of the hazardous nature of the work Provided with all protective equipment Immunized against tetanus and hepatitis B

25. ROLE OF NURSE IN INFECTION CONTROL Visits all wards and high risk units Checking nursing supervisor’s register and records for cases suggestive of infection. Collection of sample from different areas of the hospitals and sending them to the lab . Daily visit to microbiology lab to ascertain results of sample collected . Monitoring and supervision of infection among hospital staffs.

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