INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL (IPC)..

INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL

1. INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL (IPC) PRESENTED BY: MS. JOANA ASAMOAH SARKWAH

2. SESSION OBJECTIVES 1 2 3 4 5 What Infection, Prevention and Control are , Chain of Infection Sources of infection Importance of infection prevention Who is at Risk

3. SESSION OBJECTIVES 6 7 8 9 10 Principles of infection prevention , Standard precautions Sharps Reference Key information

4. WHAT IS INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL

5. INTRODUCTION Infection is one of the leading causes of preventable death in hospitals every year. The centre for d isease Control and Prevention estimated that there are approximately 2 million preventable infections in hospital every year, leading to 90,000 unnecessary deaths

6. Introduction Cont ….. Regardless of the work area, preventing the transmission of organism is a concern of all health professionals. One way in which we can accomplish this goal is by asepsis. A large number of micro-organism live and multiply on every surface.

7. Introduction Cont ….. Infection control addresses factors related to the spread of infections within the healthcare setting (whether patient-to-patient, from patients to staff and from staff to patients, or among staff), including prevention (via hand hygiene/hand washing, cleaning/disinfection/sterilization, vaccination, surveillance), m onitoring/investigation of demonstrated or suspected spread of infection within a particular health-care setting

8. INFECTION The invasion of bodily tissue by pathogenic microorganisms that proliferate, resulting in tissue injury that can progress to disease .

9. PREVENTION: This refers to the measures taken to avoid or stop something undesirable from happening. In the context of health, prevention involves actions taken to prevent diseases, injuries, or other health problems from occurring or progressing.

10. INFECTION CONTROL Refers to the practices and procedures designed to prevent the spread of infections within healthcare settings, as well as in the community. The goal of infection control is to reduce the risk of transmission of infectious agents, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi, and to protect patients, healthcare workers, and visitors from infectious diseases.

11. Chain of Infection The presence of a pathogen does not mean the infection will begin. In order for infectious disease to spread, several necessary steps must occur, these steps are the chain of Infection.

12. Sources of Infection The environment Other clients or attendant People in the community Health care Delivery personnel.

13. Sources of Infection

14. Sources of Infection

15. RISK GROUP

16. Importance of IPC To prevent the occurrence of infection and minimize the risk of transmitting any infection including Heb B, Cholera, etc to client, staff and the community

17. Principles of IPC All objects in contact with patients are considered potentially contaminated, Every person: potentially infectious If an object is disposed off: Discard it as a waste. If reusable: Prevent infection by decontamination cleaning, disinfecting or sterilization

18. Standard precautions These are a set of universal precautionary measures during patient routine care carried out by health workers. 1. Hand hygiene 2. Use of PPE 3. Processing of used instruments 4. Proper waste management.

19. Hand Washing Routine hand washing ( Soap with running water) 2. Antiseptic or Hygienic hand washing (Alcohol rub) 3. Surgical hand washing

20. Routine hand washing

21. Antiseptic or Hygienic hand washing Simple PowerPoint Your Text Here Simple PowerPoint Your Text Here Simple PowerPoint Your Text Here

22. Surgical hand washing Simple PowerPoint Your Text Here Simple PowerPoint Your Text Here Simple PowerPoint Your Text Here

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24. Use of PPE'S Simple PowerPoint Your Text Here Simple PowerPoint Your Text Here Simple PowerPoint Your Text Here 1. Gloves 2. Nose mask 3. Head gear 4. Aprons 5. Coats 6. Gown 7. Overall 8. Foot wears 9. Face shield or eye cover.

25. Use of PPE'S Simple PowerPoint Your Text Here Simple PowerPoint Your Text Here Simple PowerPoint Your Text Here

26. Processing of Instruments Simple PowerPoint Your Text Here Simple PowerPoint Your Text Here Simple PowerPoint Your Text Here 1. Decontamination 2. Cleaning 3. Sterilization 4. Storages.

27. Proper Waste management 1. Segregation of waste 2. Collection and storage 3. Transportation 4. Treatment and disposal

28. Proper Waste management

29. Sharps They are any sharp instruments or objects used in delivering healthcare services including the syringe needles, IV catheters, surgical blades, suture, Medication ampules etc.

30. Safe disposal of sharps Use of Hand-free techniques when passing sharps during surgical procedures . Do not recap, bend or break the needle after use Discard each needle used into the sharp containers at the point of use. Do not overload a sharp’s bin when full. Do not leave the sharp bin in the reach of children

31. Safe disposal of sharps Use of Hand-free techniques when passing sharps during surgical procedures .

32. Safe disposal of sharps Do not recap, bend or break the needle after use

33. Maintaining a Clean Environment Some cleaning solutions and their used. Water and plain detergent - remove dirty and organic materials Disinfection 0.5% solution - clean up spills of blood and other body fluids.

34. SUMMARY Hand hygiene is essential for infection prevention. Always wear gloves especially when there is the risk of touching blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions, and contaminated items. Decontamination: 0.5% bleach solution is the least expensive and most rapid-acting and effective agent to use for decontamination. Proper handling of contaminated waste minimizes the spread of infection to healthcare professionals and to the local community.

35. Summary cont ….. Proper handling entails Wearing utility gloves Transporting all solid waste to the disposal site in a well-covered containers Disposing all sharps into punctured resistance containers. Carefully pour liquid waste down a drain or flushable toilet. Burning or burying all the solid contaminated waste Washing containers, gloves and hands after disposal of the infectious waste

36. Reference Maternal Health Division, ministry of health and family welfare, Government of India National Policy and Guidelines for Infection Prevention and Control in Health care settings, Ministry of Health, Ghana, 2015 World Health Organization, patients safety curriculum guide. And myself

37. Maintaining a Clean Environment Some cleaning solutions and their used. Water and plain detergent - remove dirty and organic materials Disinfection 0.5% solution - clean up spills of blood and other body fluids.

38. Maintaining a Clean Environment Some cleaning solutions and their used. Water and plain detergent - remove dirty and organic materials Disinfection 0.5% solution - clean up spills of blood and other body fluids.