infection-prevention-and-control-stat-mand-presentation-2015 (1).ppt

Ppt on infection prevention and control

1. Statutory & Mandatory
Training
Infection Prevention & Control

2. Aims
By the end of the session staff will have an increased
understanding of:
Healthcare Associated Infections (HAI)
Management of Significant Organisms
Hand Hygiene
Application of Standard Infection Control Precautions (SICP) in
Daily Practice
Communication with the Infection Prevention & Control Team
Linked to KSF
Core dimension 1 – Communication
Core dimension 3 – Health, Safety & Security

3. Background HAI
How many people every year in Scotland are affected by HAI?
•HAI affects approx 4.9% of hospital patients
How much does it cost in Scotland?
•The financial cost of HAI within NHSScotland runs into millions
HPS. (2012). Scottish National Point Prevalence Survey of Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Prescribing 2011

4. How does HAI affect
the Public?
MRSA and C.diff cases fall in Scottish hospitals but more focus
must be put on keeping hospitals clean
INFECTION rates are falling in hospitals but health boards have to do more to keep them clean, an
inspection has found. Daily Record 5 Feb 2013

Professor warns we are losing fight against bugs as harmful
bacteria become resistant to antibiotics
THE World Health Organisation have warned we are heading for a post-antibiotic era as mutating bacteria
becomes resistant to existing drugs. Daily Record 18 Feb 2013

Stethoscopes 'more contaminated' than doctors‘ hands
BBC News 27 February 2014

5. Significant Organisms
Staphylococcus aureus (inc MRSA)
Clostridium difficile 
Acinetobacter baumannii
Vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE)

6. Consequences of HAI
•Increased morbidity and mortality
•Increased length of stay
•More investigations
•Longer absence from work
•Increased financial cost
•Litigation

7. Consequences of spread…
Infections due to Multi Drug-Resistant organisms are
increasingly difficult to treat
•Limited antibiotic options
•Using “older” antibiotics with significant toxicity
Clostridium difficile infection (CDI)
•20-25% have one recurrence, 50-60% have two
recurrences
•Pseudomembranous colitis has a mortality of 6-30%

8. How do we stop HAI?
By applying Standard Infection Control Precautions:
•SICP are precautions necessary to reduce the risk of
transmission of micro-organisms from both recognised and
unrecognised sources.
•ALL healthcare workers in ALL situations involving the care of
patients or contact with the environment must use SICP.
•There are 10 elements of SICP.

9. 10 Elements of
SICPs
•Hand Hygiene
•Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
•Occupational Exposure Management including Sharps
•Management of Blood & Body Fluids Spillages
•Management of care Equipment
•Control of the Environment
•Waste Management
•Linen Management
•Patient Placement
•Cough Etiquette

10. Hand Hygiene
•Hand Hygiene is the single most important means of preventing
healthcare associated infections
•Improved adherence to hand hygiene (i.e. hand washing or use
of alcohol-based hand rubs: ABHR) has been shown to help
reduce overall infection rates
•Audit of hand hygiene practice is used to measure compliance
for improvement

11. Hand Hygiene Audit
Compliance
In recent hand hygiene audits ward scores and Local Health
Board Co-ordinator (LHBC) were compared
•Average score for ward audits was 89%
•Average score for LHBC audits was 76%
•5 wards scored 100% for 8+ months
•No ward scored 100% when audited by LHBC
•Biggest deficit in scores was 30%

12. SCENARIO

13. Scenario 1
Mrs A has developed diarrhoea and has had
several episodes overnight.
As a precaution she was moved from a six
bedded bay to a single side room.
The next day a patient from the same six
bedded bay develops diarrhoea.
What SICPs do you use – discuss

14. Scenario 2
A patient is admitted into your ward from
a Nursing Home following a fall. She will
be attending Theatre in the morning. She
is known to be MRSA positive.
What SICPs do you use – discuss

15. Scenario 3
A patient has arrived at your ward/dept.
They have a 2 day history of coughing, sneezing
and difficulty breathing.
What SICPs do you use – discuss
What respiratory precautions do you ask the
patient to follow?

16. Scenario 4 (Community)
You have a patient on your caseload who
was discharged from hospital recently
who was known to be CDI +ve. On
visiting, the patient has been incontinent of
diarrhoea.
What SICPs do you use – discuss
How do you ensure that hand hygiene is
carried out effectively?

17. Scenario 5 (Non Clinical)
You are visiting a friend /relative in hospital
and when you arrive at the ward you are
advised that the ward is closed due to winter
vomiting.
Discuss

18. Scenario’s
1.Mrs A has developed diarrhoea and has had several episodes overnight. As a precaution
she was moved from a six bedded bay to a single side room. The next day a patient from
the same six bedded bay develops diarrhoea.
What SICPs do you use – discuss
2.A patient is admitted into your ward from a Nursing Home following a fall. She will be
attending Theatre in the morning. She is known to be MRSA positive.
What SICPs do you use – discuss
3. A patient has arrived at your ward/dept. They have a 2 day history of coughing, sneezing
and difficulty breathing. What respiratory precautions do you ask the patient to follow?
What SICPs do you use – discuss
4.You have a patient on your caseload who was discharged from hospital recently who was
known to be CDI +ve. On visiting, the patient has been incontinent of diarrhoea. How do
you ensure that hand hygiene is carried out effectively?
What SICPs do you use – discuss
5.You are visiting a friend /relative in hospital and when you arrive at the ward you are
advised that the ward is closed due to winter vomiting.
Discuss

19. Infection Prevention &
Control Team
Who can contact the IPCT?
There is a IPCT available for specialist Infection Control
advice across NHSGGC for all staff, patients and visitors to
access.
How do you access your local team and policies?
Contact details of local IPCT can be found within NHSGGC via
your local switchboard or website
www.nhsggc.org.uk/infectioncontrol
ICON should be on every computer desktop across NHSGGC

21. Summary
•Background of HAI
•How does HAI affect the public?
•Significant Organisms
•Consequences of HAI
•Consequences of spread
•How do we stop HAI?
•10 Elements of Standard Precautions
•Contacting your IPCT

22. Conclusion
Compliance with policies ensures that we maintain a safe
environment and reduce the risks of infection to patients, staff
and visitors.

Infection Prevention & Control is Everybody’s Business

23. References
•http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/rr/rr5116.pdf
•http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2009/97892415
97906_eng.pdf
•http://www.bnf.org/bnf/index.htm
•NHSGGC/Prevention & Control of Infection Manual