Infectious Coryza

This presentation comprises almost all the possible information about 'Infectious Coryza' in poultry.See how perilous can it be.
Sakina Rubab , DVM.

1. Infectious Coryza A peril to poultry Sakina Rubab Doctor of Veterinary Medicine

2. Introduction World wide disease of chickens Reported in quails and pheasants too USA : pullets, layers and broilers Pakistan: 3 weeks old chicks are affected

3. Etiology Avibacterium paragallinarum ( Haemophilus paragallinarum ) gram-negative pleomorphic non-motile catalase -negative microaerophilic rod: requires nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (V-factor) for in vitro growth.

4. Epidemiology Ill birds: reservoirs All ages of chicken are susceptible Incubation period:1-3 days Disease course:2-3weeks Mortality 20%

5. Transmission D irect contact, airborne droplets, and contamination of drinking water . Egg transmission does not occur.

6. Clinical findings   Facial swelling. Infra orbital sinusitis Oedema of face, around eyes Oedema of wattles and intermadibular space in male birds Purulent ocular and nasal discharge Sneezing Dyspnoea Loss in condition Drop in egg production of 10-40% Inappetance Depression Diarrhoea

7. Lacrimation

8. Adherence of lids Swollen wattles in male birds Ocular discharge

9. Nasal discharge

10. Swollen wattles (lateral view)

11. Swollen wattles (front view)

12. Postmortem lesions Catarrhal inflammation of nasal passages and sinuses Conjunctivitis Eye-lid adherence Caseous yellowish material in sinuses Tracheitis Bronchitis Airsacculitis

13. Caseous material in sinuses

14. airsacculitis

15. Haemorrhagic trachea

16. Histopathology The histopathologic response of respiratory organs consists of disintegration and hyperplasia of mucosal and glandular epithelia and oedema with infiltration of heterophils , macrophages, and mast cells.  

17. Diagnosis Isolation of a gram-negative bacterium. Catalase test Polymerase Chain Reaction Haemagglutination -inhibition ( best)

18. Differential diagnosis Mycoplasmosis : Chronic respiratory disease: no involvement of infraorbital sinuses, in turkeys: infra orbital sinuses are involved’ Infectious laryngotracheitis : no involvement of infraorbital sinuses Newcastle disease: nervous signs Fowl cholera: no respiratory signs Infectious Bronchitis: caseous plug at bifurcation of bronchi

19. Treatment Streptomycin and Lincomycin ( Lincospectin ) Sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim ( Sulfatrim ) Tylosine ( Tylosan ) Erythromycin ( Erythrocin ) Oxytetracycline (Oxy-LA) Q uinolones : Ciprofloxacin ( Ciproxin )

20. Control Sound management and isolation. Replacements should be raised on the same farm or obtained from clean flocks . If replacement pullets are to be placed on a farm that has a history of infectious coryza, bacterins are available to help prevent and control the disease. Vaccination should be completed 4 weeks before infectious coryza usually breaks out on the individual farm. Controlled exposure to live organisms also has been used to immunize layers in endemic areas.

21. Vaccines against infectious coryza

22. References http://www.thepoultrysite.com/diseaseinfo/82/infectious-coryza/ http://www.merckvetmanual.com/mvm/poultry/infectious_coryza/overview_of_infectious_coryza_in_chickens.html https://www.lah.de/Infectious-Coryza.89.0.html http://www.poultryhub.org/health/disease/types-of-disease/infectious-coryza/ http://www.beautyofbirds.com/bacterialandviraldiseases.htm http://ps.oxfordjournals.org/content/77/8/1139.full.pdf+html http://msucares.com/poultry/diseases/diseases.html http://learn.chm.msu.edu/vibl/content/catalase.html Pictures by Dr Jaime Ruiz, Cornell University and www.poultryhealthcentre.com

23. Thank you