inflammation by Dr. Raafat AL-Awadhi.pptx

Nursing College

1. Lcture1: INFLAMMATION By : Dr . Raafat AL- Awadhi Medical surgical nursing (l(

2. Definition : is a local reaction of vascularized living tissue to an injurious agent , provided that the stimulus is not so strong to cause immediate cell death ( necrosis to tissue ). Is protective response involving host cells , blood vessels , protein and other mediators . INFLAMMATION

3. Causes : Physical : heat , cold , radiation …. ect . Chemical : poisons , acids ,…… ect Infective agents : bacteria , virus , …. ect Immunological : antigen _antibody reaction Aim of inflammation : Elimination of causative agent. Dilution of toxins . Prepare tissue for repair .

4. INFLAMMATION

5. Physical causes-heat

6. Physical cause _cold

7. Physical cause_irradiation

8. Chemical cause

9. Infective cause _ fungi

10. Infective cause _ virus

11. Nomenclature Is Inflammation is designed by adding the suffix itis to the organ affected . EXAMPLES: Appendix Appendic itis Tonsil Tonsill itis Bronchus Bronch itis

12. Nomenclature _ with some EXCEPTIONS as : _ pleurisy _ pneumonia

13. Types of inflammation : Acute inflammation. Chronic inflammation. Sub acute inflammation.

14. Acute inflammation It has sudden onset AND short duration ( hours to few days ). Maximum 2 weeks . -It is the immediate and early response. Characterized by PNL Polymorph nuclear leukocytosis .

15. Morphological pattern of acute inflammation

16. Morphological pattern of acute inflammation

17. Chronic inflammation - It has gradual onset AND long duration (days to years ). - Characterized by Lymphocytes , plasma cell, macrophages .

18. Sub-acute inflammation MIXED BETWEEN Acute AND Chronic inflammation

19. Cardinal (Local) Signs of Acute inflammation 1-Rednass ( Rubor ) 2-Hotness ( calor ) 3-Swelling ( Tumor ) 4-pain ( Dolor ) 5-Loss Function( Functio laesa )

20. Systemic Manifestation of Acute inflammation Fever. Insom m ia. 3-Myalgia. 4 - Arthr l gia. 5-Fatigue. 6-Decrease Appetite(Anorexia) 7-Increase WBC. 8-Increase ESR. 9-Increase CRP.

21. Complication of Inflammation 1 -Alceration : Loss Of Epithelial Covering ــــ Scar. 2- Sinus : blind tract Fistula : Opened Tract Between Two Epithelial surface infection keloid