Insect thorax and abdomen

Insect thorax and abdomen are very crucial bearing most important organs of insects helping in various important fuctions and regulations.

1. Insect Thorax And abdomen

2. Thorax Middle tagma Three segmented - pro, meso and meta Meso and meta thorax with wing are called as Pterothorax Thorax is made of three scleritic plates 1. dorsal body plate - Tergum or Nota 2. ventral body plate ( Sterna ) 3. lateral plate ( Pleura )

3. Thoracic nota 3 segments - pronotum , mesonotum & metanotum respectively Pronotum - undivided & Saddle shaped in grass hopper, Shield like in cockroach Pterothoracic notum - h ave 3 transverse sutures ( Antecostal , Pre scutal and Scuto-scutellar ) & 5 tergites ( Acrotergite , Prescutum , Scutum , Scutellum and Post- scutellum )

4. Thoracic sterna Vental body plate - prosternum , mesosternum and metasternum Made up of a segmental plate called Eusternun and a intersternite called Spinasternum Eusternum - made of three sclerites - presternum , basisternum and sternellum

5. Thoracic pleura Lateral body wall between notum & sternum Selerites of pleuron is called as pleurites fuse to form Pleural plate Pleural plate is divided into anterior episternum and posterior epimeron by Pleural suture Pterothoracic pleuron provides space for articulation of wing and Two pairs of spiracles are also present in the mesopleuron and metapleuron .

6. ABDOMEN Third and posterior tagma This tagma is made up of 9-11 Uromeres (segments) and is highly flexible abdominal segments are interconnected by a membrane called conjunctiva Each abdominal segment is made up of only two sclerite 1. Tergum 2. Sternum

7. ABDOMEN Eight pairs of spiracles in - first eight abdominal segments in addition to a pair of tympanum in the first abdominal segment Eight and ninth segments - female genital structure Ninth segment - male genital structure . Cerci

8. Th anks