Insulin Pump

Various insulin pumps used to deliver insulin to the human body and its application along with its advantages and disadvantages are outlined in this presentation.

1. SEMINAR PRESENTATION
TOPIC: INSULIN PUMPS
Subject incharge:
Mr. Junise Vazhayil
Asst. Professor
Dept. of Pharmaceutics
Al Shifa College of Pharmacy
Presented by:
Muhammed Fahad
1
st
MPharm Pharmaceutics
(3
rd
Batch)
Al Shifa College of Pharmacy
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2. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
•People with diabetes cannot make their own insulin, a
hormone that is normally secreted by the pancreas.
Insulin is essential to metabolise sugar and hence
generate energy
•Currently most diabetics inject insulin 2 or more times
per day, with the dose injected based on readings of
their blood sugar level
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3. INSULIN PUMP
•A personal insulin pump is an external device that
mimics the function of the pancreas
•It uses an embedded sensor to measure blood sugar
level at periodic intervals and
• then injects insulin to maintain the blood sugar at a
‘normal’ level
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4. • Designed to transmit drugs and fluids into blood
stream without repeated insertion of needles
• well suited to the drug delivery requirements of:
–insulin,
–steroids,
–chemotherapeutics,
–antibiotics,
–analgesics,
–and heparin.
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5. Early Insulin Pumps
(early 1970s)
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6. Present Day Insulin PumpsPresent Day Insulin Pumps
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7. Insulin delivery system
•Data flow model of software-controlled insulin
pump
Insulin
requirement
computation
Blood sugar
analysis
Blood sugar
sensor
Insulin
delivery
controller
Insulin
pump
Blood
Blood
parameters
Blood sugar
level
Insulin
Pump control
commands
Insulin
requirement
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8. Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion
B SL HS B
I
n
s
u
l
i
n
E
f
f
e
c
t
BolusBolus
BasalBasal
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9. Insulin Delivery as a Model Implant Pump
System
• Implantable drug delivery systems are placed
completely under the skin — usually in a
convenient location.
•Generally placed in the anterior subcutaneous
tissue of chest/abdomen for concealment.
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10. Insulin Delivery as a Model Implant Pump System
•designed to necessitate external control of the drug
delivery rate or volume of drug (unlike conventional
controlled-release formulations)
•primary driving force for delivery is the pressure pressure
differencedifference.
–generated by pressurizing a drug reservoir with a
pump
•by osmotic action (osmotic pumps),
•by direct mechanical actuation.
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11. Characteristics for an ideal pumpCharacteristics for an ideal pump
•Deliver drug within prescribed rates prescribed rates for extended periods
(2-5 yrs).
•Accuracy & precision.
•ReliableReliable.
•Chemically, physically & biologically stablestable.
•CompatibleCompatible with drugs.
•Non-antigenic & non-carcinogenic.
•Must have overdose protectionoverdose protection.
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12. •ConvenientConvenient to use.
•Implantable by local anesthesia.
•Able to monitormonitor the performance of the pump.
•Must be sterilizablesterilizable.
•Have wide delivery ratewide delivery rate for basal & bolus deliveries to
meet patient variability.
•Long reservoir & battery life and easy
programmability.
Characteristics for an ideal pump:Characteristics for an ideal pump:
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13. Types of Pump
•Peristaltic pump
•Fluorocarbon propellant-driven pump
•Osmotic pump
•Controlled-release micropump
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14. Peristaltic PumpsPeristaltic Pumps
•Construction:
–Pump, electronics & battery.
–Titanium chamber provide hermatic seal.
–Further coatedto improve biocompatibilty.
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15. Peristaltic Pumps
•Figure 1: Cross-sectional view of the DAD showing key components
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16. Drug Administration Device (DAD)
Advantages:
Use of wide variety of drugs.
Precise delivery of potent & narrow therapeutic
substances.
Less risk of infection since it is fully implanted.
Performed using local anesthesia & on
outpatient basis.
Presence of alarm system makes the pump
more safe.
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17. Fluorocarbon Propellant-Driven Pumps:
•Construction:
Hollow titanium disk, moveable pistons
2 chambers—inner-->drug; outer-->flurocarbon
liquid
Self-sealing silicon rubber & Teflon, bacterial filters,
catherter.
•Working:
Vaporization of flurocarboninner chamber
compressdrug release through catheter
Adjust flow rate by increasing viscosity
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18. Osmotic Pumps
•Moveable piston
maintain pressure in
reservoir
•Semipermeable
membrane
Figure 2: Schematic representation of
a generic osmotic pump
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19. Controlled-release micropump
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20. Controlled-release micropump
•Diffusion across a rate-controlling membrane for basal
delivery.
•Augmented by rapidly oscillating piston acting on a
compressible disk of foam—achieved without valves by
repeated compression of the foam disk by a coated
piston.
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