Integrated nutrient management for sustainable vegetable production

Presentation on integrated nutrient management

1. Integrated Nutrient Management for Sustainable Crop Production By Prof. Dattijo Aminu Department of Crop Production University of Maiduguri 05 th August, 2024

2. Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) INM is a practice where all sources of nutrients are combined and applied to soils for crop growth and yield enhancement. INM keeps the soil in healthier condition. INM is the most rewarding benefits that occur when different technologies are combined. INM is an integral part of any sustainable agricultural system.

3. How INM differs from conventional farming INM differs from conventional nutrient management in that it considers nutrients from different sources. In conventional farming, higher yield is considered through use of inorganic chemicals and improved varieties along with irrigation facilities. There is minimum nutrient losses. Applying the combination organic simultaneously, one hardly ever observes negative interactions.

4. INCORPORATION OF FYM FYM application should be done at 2-5t/ha and well incorporated at the time of ploughing. However an annual amount of 1t/ha is good enough. Improving the soil structure, moisture, as well as the nutrient content.

5. Application of INM Fertilizer

6. Development of an INM Programme Three steps needed for the practical INM: Assess the nutrient status and needs of the system; soil nutrients. soil type and potential for proposed cropping. proposed cultivations. Establish an economic threshold; availability of inorganic amendments. cost of nutrient input (chemicals, manures, and labour ). expected yield. potential financial return. Develop a nutrient management strategy; minimal inorganic chemical needs. nutrient supply from plant inputs. nutrient supply from animal inputs. nutrient inputs from other potential sources of nutrients.

7. INM vs IPNM INM program INM aims at improving and sustaining soil fertility and Land productivity and reducing environmental degradation. Essential for the development of sustainable agriculture and natural resource management. IPNM Program IPNM aims to optimize the condition of the soil, with regard to its physical, chemical, biological and hydrological properties, Enhancing productivity, Minimizing land degradation.

8. IPNM Include the Use of: Farmyard manures, Natural and mineral fertilizers, Soil amendments, Crop residues/farm wastes, Agroforestry and tillage practices, Green manures, Cover crops, legumes, Intercropping, Crop rotations, Fallows, irrigation, drainage, Vegetative measures designed to conserve both water and soil.

9. Drip Irrigation

10. Integrated Plant Nutrient Management at Farm Level Improved crop establishment at the beginning of the rains, Increase protective ground cover thereby reducing splash erosion, Enhancing infiltration and biological activity; Timely weeding to reduce crop yield losses from competition for nutrients and soil moisture; Recycle farm wastes, so as to maintain and enhance soil organic matter levels.

11. GAP for IPNM Nutrient Management IPNM also contributes to pest management. Stressed crops are more susceptible to disease and to the effects of pest attacks. Crops growing in poorly structured soil, under unbalanced nutrient conditions with inadequate water retention will be stressed. Responding to disease and pest attacks by improving the ecological conditions. Agricultural products with less pesticides residues are healthier to consume. Healthy plants with a properly balanced nutrient supply provide better quality feed and foodss .

12. Growing Vegetables on INM/IPNM Fertilizer in Sack/Bag

13. Advantages of INM

14. Form of INM Fertilizer

15. Components of Integrated Nutrient Management Synthetic Fertilizers Manures Compost Green Manures Crop residues

16. Principles of Fertilizer Application Once the choice of fertilizers has been made, The selection of the best method of fertilizer application depends on a number of factors The kind of soil. Its moisture status. Its fixing power for the different nutrients. Previous management. The crop to be treated. Its root development and the ability to extract nutrients in the soil. The kind and amount of fertilizer to be used.

17. Crop Fertilizer source Recommended rate Millet Urea, single super phosphate ( ssp ) and Muriate of Potash (MOP) 60kg N, 30kg P 2 5, 30kg K 2 0 or 4 bags of NPK and 1 bag of urea Sorghum Urea, single super phosphate ( ssp ) and Muriate of Potash (MOP) 64kg N, 32kg P 2 5, 30kg K 2 0 or 4 bags of NPK and 1 bag of urea Maize Urea, single super phosphate ( ssp ) and Muriate of Potash (MOP) 120kg N, 60kg P 2 5, 6 0kg K 2 0 or 8 bag of NPK and 2 ½ bag of urea Rice Urea, single super phosphate ( ssp ) and Muriate of Potash (MOP) 100kg N, 45kg P 2 5, 45kg K 2 0 or 6 bag of NPK and 2 bag of urea Wheat Urea, single super phosphate ( ssp ) and Muriate of Potash (MOP) 100kg N, 45kg P 2 5 30kg K 2 0 or 5 1/2 bag of NPK and 2 ½ bag of urea Cowpea Urea, Single super phosphate ( ssp ) and Muriate of Potash (MOP 20kg N, 40kg P 2 5 25kg K 2 0 or 2 bags of NPK15 15 15 and 2 bags of SSP Groundnuts Single super phosphate ( ssp ) and Muriate of Potash (MOP 54kg P 2 5 , 25kg K 2 0 or 2 bags of NPK 15 15 15 and 4 bags of SSP

18. Conclusion Production efficiencies are gained through the integrated nutrient management practices; promoting combined use of mineral, organic and biological resources in a reasoned way to balance efficient use of limited/finite resources and ensure ecosystem sustainability against nutrient mining and degradation of soil and water resources.

19. Thank You for Your Attention