INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT IN COTTON

In this PPT you will be able to study about the integrated pest management in cotton, and the different pest which attacks the cotton crop, and what are the ways in which they can be prevented and its control measures (or) its management practices.

1. AEN301.Pests of Field Crops and Stored Produces and their Management (1+1) IPM in Cotton

2. Integrated Pest management Integrated pest management (IPM) , also known as  integrated pest control (IPC)  is a broad-based approach that integrates practices for economic  control of pests . IPM aims to suppress pest populations below the economic injury level (EIL).

3. Cotton- Gossypium sp It is a important fiber crop in India and also high valued commercial crop for textile industries India occupies the largest area in the world under cotton and it ranks third in production. At present this crop is grown in anArea- 12.18 million haProduction-13.73million bales (170kgs each) All the 4 spices of cotton i.e.Gossypium herbaiumG. herboriumG. hirsutumG. Barbadens are grown in India commercially that's why India is much important in cotton cultivation.

4. Cotton pests

5. IPM system IPM

6. IPM strategies in cotton Variety traits Consider insect resistance or tolerance when selecting varieties. For example, early-maturing varieties are less exposed to late-season infestations of pests such as tobacco budworms, bollworms, armyworms and loopers. Additionally, some cotton varieties provide tolerance to diseases and nematodes, which are pests that can delay maturity and increase susceptibility to insects .

7. Bt- transgenic varieties Dual-gene, Bt-transgenic cotton varieties provide better suppression of bollworms and other caterpillar, or lepidopteran, pests than the single-gene Bollgard varieties did. New three-gene Bt technologies are now entering the market that will provide even better performance against worm pests. Additionally, the three-gene Bt technologies will help prevent the development of resistance in worm populations.

8. Cultural practices Plough deeply, clean cultivation to expose the resting pupae, crop rotation and avoidance of ratooning reduces pest population. Use tolerant varieties. Trap cropping with crops like tomato, and destroying them when the population is high. Use of maize and cowpea on borders and wild brinjal and setaria as intercrop significantly helps in reducing the pest population.

9. Sow the crop early. Use resistant varieties such as Khandwa-2 or the varieties having leaves rich in tannin contents. Do not use high doses of nitrogenous fertilizers. Grow cowpea/onion/soybean as an intercrop in  cotton  to reduce early stage pest. Use Okra as a trap crop. Adopt proper crop rotation.

10. Pest Monitoring Pheromone traps  are useful tools for monitoring moths. It is an important and major pest of  Cotton .  Pheromone Traps  and Lures 10 No's per acre from 30 day crop stage for effective control of Pink boll worm It is cheaper, simpler, easy to use and maintain. Change lures periods every 45 days for greater efficiency.

11. Mechanical control Cotton is harvested in 3-4 pickings by hand as the boll mature. The number of pickings varies with the maturity habit of the variety. Cotton from damaged boll should not be kept with good quality cotton. Never pick wet cotton. On dew days, pick cotton in late mornings to avoid moisture in cotton.

12. Biological control Release of egg parasitoids like Trichogramma chilonisor T. brasielenis or T. Achaea @ 150,000 /ha from 45th day onwards at 10-15 days interval (6 releases) and larval parasitoids such as Chilonus blackburni or Bracon brevicornis or Telenomus heliothidae or Carceliaillotaor Coteria kazat or Campoletis chloridae @ 2000 adults/ha at 15 days interval. . Spray HaNPV @ 250 LE/ha from 35th to 60th day of crop stage. Apply BtkI @ 1 kg/ha. Use 5% neem seed kernel extract (NSKE).

13. Chemical control Spray insecticides like Endosulfan35 EC or Triazophos40 EC @2.5 l/ha or Cypermethrin10 EC @ 600-800 ml/ha. Avoid use of conventional sprays repeatedly. Use Neem based insecticides like 5% Neem seed kernel extract (NSKE) and commercial Neem based formulations @ 500-600 ml/ha, starting from 45 days age of the crop or when ETL is reached. Use chemical insecticides at the time of ETL of insect is exceed.

14. References https//ipmworld/edu.in www.insidecotton.in www.daf.qld.gov.edu