Integrated Water Resources Management in Bangladesh: LGED Context

About Water Resources Management in Bangladesh with LGED perspective

1. Md Nurul Huda MCIPS, CMILT , FIEB MSc in Transport Planning & Engineering (University of Leeds, UK) Masters in Procurement & Supply Management (BRAC University) BSc in Civil Engineering (CUET) Additional Chief Engineer, Grade-2 On PRL from 5 March 2024 Water Resources Management in LGED February 2024 1

2. Topics of Discussion LGED Mandate LGED in Water Management Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) LGED IWRM Functions Policy Documents Water Resources Sector Projects Types of Solutions Conclusion February 2024 2

3. LGED Mandate LGED as a state-of-the-art government engineerin agency…… www.lged.gov.bd Mission Development and management of local infrastructure for increasing farm/non-farm production,………. Vision Overall management and maintenance small-scale water resources infrastructures with the participation of beneficiaries, stakeholders with proper emphasis on environmental and social safeguard issues; and ……. extend co-operation to local stakeholders and communities February 2024 3

4. LGED in Water Management February 2024 4

5. Why Water? Fresh water is needed for drinking, agriculture, irrigation, HH…. Almost all fresh water is precipitation from the atmosphere 10% of the world's animal species live exclusively in freshwater… Water covers about 71% of the earth's surface Only 3% of the earth's water is fresh Only 1.2% of all freshwater is surface water Only 0.3 % of fresh water is found in lakes, rivers, and swamps Only 0.5% of Earth's water is readily available to drink A large percentages of the earth's fresh water is locked in glaciers February 2024 5

6. Agricultural Statistics (BBS 2017) Farm households 63.11% Employment 51.88% Agriculture Labour 29.89% February 2024 6

7. Concept of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM): UNEP definitions Process that promotes the coordinated development and management of water, land and related resources in order to maximize economic and social welfare in an equitable manner without compromising the sustainability of vital ecosystems Cross-sectoral policy approach designed to replace the traditional, fragmented sectoral approach to water resources and management that has led to poor services and unsustainable resource use Based on the understanding that water resources are an integral component of the ecosystem , a natural resource, and a social and economic good February 2024 7

8. LGED IWRM Functions IWRMU is to guide and steer LGED’s activities in water sector with specific responsibility to assist in preparation of policies, formulation of strategies and plans, preparation of new projects, inter-agency coordination, undertake studies and provide long term support to the completed projects. Common Activities, mainly related to Surface Water : CAD, FCD & Irrigation Organization & Institution Building Skill Development A. O&M Activities Operation functions – WMCA, Crop types & calendar, Irrigation plan, MIS Maintenance functions – Canal, Embankment, WR Structures, Network B. P&D Activitie s Planning functions - Project Development, PRA, Feasibility studies, Reconnaissance survey, Stakeholder engagements Design functions – WR Structures, Network & Facilities Development February 2024 8

9. Policy Documents National Water Policy 1999 Participatory Water Management Guidelines 2001 National Water Management Plan 2004 Bangladesh Water Act 2013 Small Scale Irrigation Policy 2017 Small Scale Water Resource Development Sub-project Identification Guidelines 2017 Bangladesh Water Rules 2018 Small Scale Water Resource Infrastructure Operation and Maintenance Guidelines 2022 Bangladesh Delta Plan 2100 Resource: https://oldweb.lged.gov.bd/UnitPublication.aspx?UnitID=11 https://oldweb.lged.gov.bd/UnitPublication.aspx?UnitID=17 February 2024 9

10. O&M Guidelines & Maintenance History https://oldweb.lged.gov.bd/UploadedDocument/UnitPublication/11/1724/Guidelines-2022_July_2022.pdf February 2024 10

11. IWRM Assets February 2024 11 Total SP 1120 Canal 7015 km Embankment 2009 km Regulator/Sluice 1027 WMCA Office 777 Line Canal 220 km Burried pipe 441 WR Structures 469 Bridge Culvert 209 Rubber Dam 52 Other Str 525 km

12. IWRM O&M Activities Operation functions WMCA – HH survey, Registration, Election, Committee (President/Vice President/Secretary/Treasurer), Contribution, Training, Management Committee, AGM, EGM, IGA, Annual Report, Audit Sub-Committee – O&M, Agriculture, Fisheries, Livestock, Credit, Women related Office Management Crop types, Crop Calendar Crop Weather Irrigation plan MIS management February 2024 12

13. IWRM O&M Activities Maintenance functions Canal/Embankment/Structure Maintenance Types Routine (by WMCA), Periodic/Emergency (by LGED) Field visit for maintenance assessment Prioritization & Grading Canal - Drainage/Irrigation Embankment - (Flood/Full/(Submersible Flood types) Water Control Structures – Regulator/Drainage Sluice/Flushing Sluice/Water Conservation Structure/Culvert/Irrigation Structure/Aqueduct/Syphon/UG Irrigation Pipe System/Header Tank/Air Vents/Outlet/Overflow Stand Pipe/Rubber Dam Network – Canal/Drain/pipe February 2024 13

14. IWRM P&D Activities Planning functions Database of Potential Sub-projects (Continuous updating required) Project Development & PDPP Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) Feasibility studies Reconnaissance survey Stakeholder engagements Formation of WMCA Support Pre-screening of SP Feasibility study and detailed design February 2024 14

15. IWRM P&D Activities Design functions Survey activities – equipment & operation Water Resource Structures Network Development Facilities Development Project Management Functions Project Monitoring Mid Term Evaluation Other Functions Policy & opinion Coordination February 2024 15

16. IWRM P&D Activities Water Resource Structures Canals – Drainage, Tidal, Irrigation Canal Flood/Full Embankments Reference Lines Regulator, Sluice, Weir, Gates of Hydraulic Structures, Rubber Dams Lined canals Pipe lines – Buried type, Header tank, Pumps and Power Requirements February 2024 16

17. Water Resources Projects in LGED Second Small Scale Water Resources Development Project (SSWRDP-II, JICA) Sustainable Small Scale Water Resources Development Project (SSSWRDP) Improvement of Ponds, Canals Across the country project (IPCP) Promoting Resilience of Vulnerable Through Access to Infrastructure, Improved Skills and Information (PROVATi 3 ) Climate and Disaster Resilient Small-Scale Water Resources Management Project (CDRSSWRMP) Haor Infrastructure and Livelihood Improvement Project (HILIP) – new project under preparation Haor Flood Management and Livelihood Improvement Project (HFMLIP) – new project under preparation February 2024 17

18. Types of Solutions Flood Management Sub-projects Embankment, Regulator, Sluice Drainage Sub-projects Canal excavation, Silt & vegetation removal Water Conservation Sub-projects Canal excavation, Regulator, Rubber Dam Command Area Development Lined canal, Buried pipe with Header Tank, Pumping ………… Mix of above options also applied February 2024 18

19. Command Area D evelopment Relatively expensive Must be viable, high value crops may be proposed for Rabi with at least break even Should benefit equitably to facilitate collection of O&M fees Peak irrigation requirements occur in the lean season/ Rabi (December to April) Calculation of Crop Water Requirements Cropping Calendar Irrigation Scheduling System Structures - Pump House, Header Tank, Flow Control Structures, Outlets, air vents, standpipe overflows, Washouts February 2024 19

20. Irrigation Appropriate Season should be in attention! Identify Water storage around Network plan for efficiency Lining or piping for reducing loss by early seapage Lifting or pumping to higher altitude Operation plan – scheduling of rotation & priority Revenue plan for sustainability (at least breakeven) February 2024 20

21. Example: Regulator, Sluice February 2024 21

22. Example: Buried Pipe February 2024 22

23. Example: Canal excavation February 2024 23 Rubber Dam Lined Canal

24. Example: Wier February 2024 24

25. Closing February 2024 25