Interdependence in nature with animals plants.ppt

How plants animals are dependent on each other

1. INTERDEPENDENCE IN NATURE

2. WHAT ARE THE THINGS YOU NEED TO STAY ALIVE? How many of them come from living things? How many of them are non-living thing?

3. Respiration Plants use oxygen from the air to get energy from food during the process of respiration. They use carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to make their food during the process of photosynthesis.

4. Animals too need oxygen from the air for respiration This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY

5. Plants grow in soil. they get water and minerals from the soil to make food and to grow soil also provides plants with support.

6. Since animals depend on plants for food, they indirectly depend on soil for food. Soil provides shelter to animals such as ants, centipedes and earthworms. Rabbits, rats, moles and many other animals live in burrows in soil.

7. Water is essential to all plants for carrying out their life processes. Plants absorb the minerals dissolved in water through their roots. They use water to prepare food during photosynthesis. Water also helps in the dispersal of seeds of plants growing in or near water.

8. Several life processes in the bodies of animals require water. For example, water is required to carry food to all parts of the body. Water is also essential for collecting waste from all over the body and removing it from the body in the form of urine.

9. Plants use energy trapped from sunlight to make food during photosynthesis. Sunlight provides warmth for seeds to germinate. Animals also need warmth from sunlight for survival. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

10. Plants and animals depend on each other

11. Animals depend on plants for food The food chain Grass Grass hopper Frog Snake 4

12. Animals depend on plants for food. All animals depend directly or indirectly on plants for food. Herbivores such as cows, goats or giraffes eat plants and thus depend directly on plants for food. Carnivores such as tigers, lions or wolves eat other animals and so depend indirectly on plants for food.

13. Animals depend on plants for shelter A number of animals such as birds, squirrels, monkeys and insects find shelter on trees. Birds build nests on trees, while squirrels, monkeys and insects live on tree branches.

14. Animals depend on plants for oxygen Plants make food in the presence of sunlight, carbon dioxide and water. They give out oxygen during this process. Animals take in this oxygen during respiration.

15. Plants use carbon dioxide produced by animals During respiration, animals take in oxygen and give out carbon dioxide. This carbon dioxide is used by plants during photosynthesis.

16. Plants depend on animals for reproduction Animals such as butterflies and honeybees help plants to reproduce by taking pollen from one flower or part of a flower to another. Many varieties of plants grow over a large area because birds and animals eat their fleshy fruits and scatter their seeds.

17. Food Relationships Organisms within an ecosystem are interconnected by their food relationships .

18. A series that shows which living things eat which others is called food chain This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY

19. Animals depend on plants for food The food chain Grass Grass Hopper Frog Snake 4

20. Producers Some organisms, known as autotrophs , create their own food through photosynthesis. They get energy from the sun and nutrients from their surroundings (soil, water, etc.) that they in turn pass on to the organisms that eat them. They are PRIMARY CONSUMERS.

21. Examples: Plants Algae Photosynthetic Bacteria

22. Consumers The carnivores indirectly utilise the food made by plants when they eat herbivores. They are SECONDARY CONSUMERS.

23. Examples: Mouse Fox Eagle

24. Decomposers help release nutrients and gain energy from waste or dead autotrophs and heterotrophs . Decomposers break down the dead body into simple substances which can again be used by plants.

25. Decomposers If it were not for bacterial and fungal decomposition, we would be knee deep in dead leaves after a few years 15

26. Ultimately Photosynthesis makes energy within the ecosystem

27. Food chains illustrate simplified feeding relationships among organisms. producer 100 KJ 10 KJ 1 KJ Due to heat and other metabolic losses, energy decreases by 90% at each trophic level. Primary Consumer Secondary Consumer Tertiary Consumer

28. This is why there are far more producers than consumers.

29. We can categorize animals by what they eat as well. Carnivores eat meat only Omnivores eat both meat and plants Herbivores eat plants only

30. Dependence on bacteria Most bacteria are beneficial They break down dead organisms into simpler substances Soil bacteria make mineral salts available to plants Bacteria and fungi are called decomposers 13

31. Food webs demonstrate a more realistic representation of how feeding relationships connect organisms in an ecosystem.

32. Label the food web with the following: Producers, Carnivores, Omnivores, and Herbivores