International classification of diseases

INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES

1. INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES By, R.THARANI, MHA.

2. Disease can be classified according to variety of features. The most popular are (a) anatomical, i.e., the part of the body affected (b) pathological-the changes caused in the body by the disease process; and (c) clinical - the way in which the disease manifest itself. The international Classification of Diseases - 10th revision, (ICD-10) is the latest revision published in the year 1993.1t is used to translate diagnosis of diseases and other health problem from words into alphanumeric code which permit easy storage, retrieval and analysis of data. CODING : Itis the translating of narrative descriptions of diseases, injuries and procedures into alphanumeric codes. Precisely, the process of assigning numbers to medical and health terms.

3. WHY CODING IS DONE? Coding is done in order to group conditions and procedures that are similar for statistical tabulation. Medical and health statistics are generally used to . Plan appropriate health services . Classify patterns of disease in a health care facility . Forecast health needs of communities, region and nations . Study epidemiology (incidence rates of diseases etc ) . Standardize reporting system for easy assimilation . Provide teaching material for medical education . Evaluate health care with appropriate measures.

4. HISTORY The first known classification of diseases dates back to the year 1700, when the King of England charged his deputy, on Grant, to estimate the proportion of live born children who died before the age of six. By the year 1853, the need for an international classification of diseases was recognized and the First International Statistical Congress was convened in Brussels. The first international Conference for the Revision of the Bertillon or International List of Causes of Death was held in Paris in August 1900, and a detailed revision consisting of 1.79 groups and an abridged classification of 35 groups, was adopted. The next conference was held in 1909 and succeeding conferences were held in 1920,1929, and 1938. ln 1946, the International Health conference held in New York city, entrusted the responsibility of subsequent revisions to World Health Organization. The Sixth Revision was published in 1948, then Seventh in 1955, eight in 1955 and Ninth in1977.Then Tenth Revision, published in the year 1993, is the latest in series.

5. DESIGN OF ICD 10: Structure - Three volumes of ICD – 10 Chapters – 21 chapters Codes – Alpha numeric ICD-10 contains 3 volumes . This has been created by splitting: Volume 1 of ICD-9 into Volume 1 and Volume 2 and Volume 2 of ICD-9 becomes Volume 3.

6. VOLUME 1 Contains four main sections . List of three character categories (page 29-1M) . Tabular list of inclusions and four-character subcategories (pages 105-1175). Morphology of neoplasms (pages 1177 -1204) . Special tabulation lists for mortality and morbidity ( pages 1205 -1231) . British spelling is used in volume 1 .

7. VOLUME 2 – INSTRUCTIONAL VOLUME Descriptions and how to use ICD-10 (pages 1-29) Rules and guidelines for mortality coding including medical certification of causes of death (pages 30-96) Rules and guidelines for morbidity coding (pages 96-123). Statistical presentation (pages 124 -138). History of the ICD development (pages 139-151).

8. VOLUME 3 – ALPHABETIC INDEX Introduction (pages 1-7) . Alphabetical index to diseases and nature of injury (pages 9 -572) External causes of injury (pages 573-746) . Table of drugs and chemicals (pages 525 -746) . Corrigenda to Volume 1 (pages 747 -750) . Lead terms are now printed in bold text, to improve readability of the index, and the table of neoplasms has had some changes. American spelling is used in Volume 3.

9. 21 CHAPTERS Chapter I Certain infectious and parasitic diseases (A00 - B99) Chapter II Neoplasms (C00 - D48) Chapter III Diseases of Blood and Blood forming organs and certain disorders (D 50-D89) Chapter IV Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (E00 - E90) Chapter V Mental and behavioral disorders (F00 - F99) Chapter VI Diseases of the nervous system (G00 - G99) Chapter VII Diseases of the eye and adnexa ( H00 - H59) Chapter VIII Diseases of the ear and mastoid Process ( H60 - H95) Chapter IX Diseases of the circulatory system (I00 - I99) Chapter X Diseases of the respiratory system 000 - J99) Chapter XI Diseases of the digestive system (K00 - K93) Chapter XII Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (L00 - L99) Chapter XIII Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (M00 - M99) Chapter XIV Diseases of the genitourinary system (N00 - N99).

10. Chapter XV Pregnancy, Childbirth and the Puerperium (O00 - O99) Chapter XVI Certain conditions originating in the Perinatal period ( P00 -06) Chapter XVII Congenital malformations , deformations and chromosomal abnormalities (Q00 - a99) Chapter XVIII Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory ' findings, not elsewhere classified (R00 - R99) Chapter XX Injury, poisoing , and certain other consequences of external causes (S00 - S99, T00 - T98) Chapter XX External causes of morbidity and mortality (V01 - V99, w00 -w99, x00-x99, Y00- Y98) Chapter XXI Factors influencing health status and contact with health Services (Z;00 -ZW).