INTERNATIONAL POLITICS AND INDONESIA’S FOREIGN POLICY.pptx

Paparan Kemenkomarves :
International Politics and Its Impact to Indonesia's Foreign Policy updated

1. The Dawn of Asian Century
2. China as a rising power
3. Non-traditional Global Risk: Climate Change and Infectious Diseases
4. The Rise of the Green Parties
5. The Decline of Democracy

A. Indonesia’s Response to Current Contemporary Issues
B. Indonesia’s response to global risks
C. Advancing economic cooperation with new markets

1. INTERNATIONAL POLITICS AND INDONESIA’S FOREIGN POLICY Ben Perkasa Drajat Director/Head of Centre of Policy Analysis and Development of American and European Region Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia Human resources slide 1

2. The Dawn of Asian Century The changing contours in contemporary international relations reflect a power shift from the West to Asia . Asia’s Rise’, marked by the rapid economic development of China, India, Indonesia and other Asian countries A ccording to a report by Asian Development Bank, A sian per capita income will have increased six-fold compared to Europe. By 2050, Asia will account for more than 50 percent of the world’s GDP. In the security sector, Asia has become more influential on a geopolitical level since the new millennium. With the world’s fastest-rising military expenditures and most serious hotspots such as the Korean Peninsula and the South China Sea, Human resources slide 9

3. China as a rising power

4. China as a rising power

5. Non-traditional Global Risk: Climate Change and Infectious Diseases Top 10 Global Risk 2015-2021 based on Likelihood 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Water crises Climate action failure Weapons of mass destruction Weapons of mass destruction Weapons of mass destruction Climate action failure Infectious disease Infectious diseases Weapons of mass destruction Extreme weather Extreme weather Climate action failure Weapons of mass destruction Climate action failure Weapons of mass destruction Water crises Water crises Natural disasters Extreme weather Biodiversity loss Weapons of mass destruction Interstate conflict Involuntary migration Natural disasters Climate action failure Water crises Extreme weather Biodiversity loss Climate action failure Energy price shock Climate action failure Water crises Natural disasters Water crises Natural resources crises Top 10 Global Risk 2015-2021 based on Impact In the last 7 years (2015-2021), environmental issues and infectious diseases are increasingly perceived as the top global risks, both in terms of likelihood and impact. Prominent issues in terms of environmental risks include extreme weather, which often linked to forest fires and natural disaster); climate action failure; biodiversity loss; etc. The risks pertaining to environmental issues are expected to be a concern for a long period of time Meanwhile, infectious diseases have consistently regarded as global risks since 2018-2020, however after the COVID pandemic, it topped the chart of global risks in terms of impact.

6. The Rise of the Green Parties In line with the increasing perception that environmental issues poses a global risk, the Green parties are gaining power. This could be seen more evidently at the case of the green parties across Europe, which gained 50% more seats at the Parliament in 2019, notably in France, Germany, and the UK This trend is expected to continue at least for the next five years. Therefore, it is likely that various kinds of ‘green deals’ would appear. This could affect relations between Europe and Asia, especially in terms of strategic agricultural sectors

7. Populism In the last 30 years, there has been an increasing resistance against globalization, migration, and migrant workers. This also include the growing religious populism and intolerance. With the COVID-19 pandemic, this practice is increasing and expanding which hinder multilateralism one form of populism politics is the spread of White Supremacy. In Europe, it can be seen from the strengthening of far-right politics R ight -wing parties are gaining votes and popularity. In fact, there are 5 European countries, where the right party gets more than 20% - 50% of the votes. Even in Asia-Oceania, we can see the emergence of chauvinism and other narrow ethno-nationalism

8. The Decline of Democracy Among the 20 members of the G20 , in the last 10 years, 13 countries have experienced a decline in t erms of their democracy index This was caused among others by populist politics , democratic backsliding; ever-shrinking civil society civic spaces; an increasingly challenging electoral process; rampant corruption and money politics;

9. Indonesia’s Response to Current Contemporary Issues

10. Indonesia’s Indo-Pacific

11. PDR of Korea Timor Leste ARF APEC Canada Chile Mexico Peru Hong Kong, China Taipei , China Papua New Guinea Palau FSM Marshall Is Kiribati Nauru Tuvalu Niue Tonga Samoa Cook Is Fiji Solomon Island Vanuatu PIF EAS Russia USA Lao PDR Brunei Darussalam Vietnam Myanmar Cambodia ASEAN based Geopolitics and Strategic Ties South Korea China European Union ARF Japan MSG Mongolia Pakistan PDR Korea Kazakhstan Timor Leste France, Germany, Netherlands, UK Turkey Brazil Philippines Oman Somalia Tanzania Bangladesh Mozambique IORA Australia India ASEAN Uni Arab Emirates South Africa Singapore Malaysia Thailand Sri Lanka ASEAN+3 [ GEO – POLITICS ] [ GEO – ECONOMICS ] ASEM Indonesia Strategic Partnership New Zealand Indonesia RCEP EFTA Indonesia CEPA Indonesia on going CEPA

12. Indonesia’s response to global risks Indonesia continues to encourage multilateralism t hrough intensive diplomacy, by utilizing Indonesia's membership in various UN bodies , and relevant international organizations or forums, such as the G20 and APEC Bali Democracy Forum, in which Indonesia is the initiator, continues to be intensified, as a concrete effort to improve the quality of democracy in the Region and the world, which is currently experiencing a setback; Interfaith Dialogue, in which Indonesia is also the initiator, continues to be strengthened as an effort to overcome 'religious populism' and 'religious intolerance'

13. Indonesia’s response to global risks Indonesia is committed to be part of the solution to global environmental issues. For this reason, Indonesia continues to encourage a balance between development issues and environmental issues, based on the UN SDGs. Indonesia is party to UNFCCC, Kyoto Protocol, and Paris Agreement Indonesia is committed to reduce its carbon emission to 29% in 2030, and up to 41% with international support

14. A dvancing economic cooperation with new markets As t he tendency of populism and protectionism is on the rise and in the midst of tensions between major global economic powers , Indonesia regards that it is important to seek other opportunities in this situation, through advancing its economic cooperation with new markets in Africa, South and Central Asia, and Central and South America.

15. Thank You Human resources slide 10