International Relations level of analysis (1).pptx

It's level of analysis in international Relations at different levels.

1. International Relations Semester :- 3 Level of Analysis

2. Concept

3. International Relations are relationship or interaction between the States or ethnicity , which is inherently complex in practice and as academic discipline. Since the publication of Kenneth Waltz’s “Man , the State and War’-1959 , it provided base for level of analysis and scholars identified three fundamental levels i.e. Individual , State and International System level , to understand , explain and predict the behaviour of Nation- States , actions , events , foreign policy and diplomacy . Reasons why countries go for war ? Why few of them are co-operating among each other , why they form alliance , or sign treaties . Apart, from Kenneth Waltz, some of other thinkers have also contributed in the development of the concept of ‘level of analysis’ . Barry Buzan , J. David Singer:- American professor of political science written seminal articles on “The level of analysis problem in International relations”-1961. M. Kaplan “ Written book “System and process in International Politics”-1957 .

4. According to him , the analysis should be done from macro to micro level. i.e. International System level State level . Individual level . International system level : It is supported by the theory of neo realism. It argues that the foreign policies of States can be understood without looking into the internal nature of the State or individual . It says that foreign policies , actions and behaviour of a State can easily understood by just looking at the conditions or characteristics of International System . According to it we mainly analyse the power configuration in the world . It provide comprehensive macro view as it is said whole is better than the parts . However it is not inspirable to ignore States and Individuals . e.g. – Cold War ---- NAM , India Boycotted Iran .

5. II). State Level :- It is supported by the theory of Realism , the supporters of state Level analysis tells that International System level provide the part of the story. But the characteristics of the States i.e features of state for e.g . nature of State (Theocratic or Secular) , Type of government (Parliamentary Democracy or Presidential Democracy ) , Economic Performance , Geographical Location , history and cultural value s provide a broader details of foreign policies , actions , behaviour may have been taken by State . e.g. --- Cold War . III). Individual Level :- Liberalism Leaders ----they just do not respond to the environment , rather play vital role in deciding foreign policies , actions of the States and International Events . Nature of leader , Psychology , behaviour , Ideology , culture , history .

6. example – World War 2 , ----Hitler End of cold war --- Reagan and Gorbachev . Trade War – Trump , Xi Jinping . Conclusion All three are important --- simultaneously studied for clear understanding of an event . Notes in description box . And a model answer written for this question by a student in Mid - Sem