Intrauterine device (IUD)

A short description about IUD, its types, mechanisms of work advantage and side effects. it also provide information about IUD new acceptors in Nepal.

1. Intrauterine device ( iud ) Prepare by Manik Rajbhandari BPH V

2. Introduction IUD stands for Intrauterine device The IUD is a small T-shaped device that is used as a method of birth control designed for insertion into a women's uterus. 99% effective to preventing pregnancy. Long term i.e. 3 to 10 years Completely reversible contraceptive methods. IUD have attached with thread or tail, which project into vaginal after insertion. 10/06/2018 Intrauterine Contraceptive Device 2

3. Objectives General objectives To study about the Intrauterine Contraceptive Device. Specific objectives To study the types of IUD To study the mechanisms, advantage and side effect of IUD To know the new acceptors of IUD in Nepal. 10/06/2018 Intrauterine Contraceptive Device 3

4. Methodology For this power point presentation(pptx), Literature was searched using PubMed, and Google. We have search on 7 June 2018. Restrictions were put on location, and language of publication. The key word used to prepare this pptx is IUD, first, second & third generation IUD, Hormonal IUD and Non hormonal IUD. By using PubMed search engine, we fine 800 articles in which we read first 2 article and 1 is used in it. And by using google we find 1700 articles in which we read first 2 pages out of them 3 are used. And also we read K Park book for references. 10/06/2018 Intrauterine Contraceptive Device 4

5. Result 10/06/2018 Intrauterine Contraceptive Device 5

6. Types of IUD Non Hormonal IUD Those IUD which doesn’t release hormone. In Non Hormonal IUD, sperm are kill. Frist generation of IUD doesn’t release any thing. Frist generation is suitable for multiparous women. Example of first generation: Lippes Loop Second generation of IUD only release cupper ion. Second generation is suitable for nulliparous women. Example of second generation: copper-7, ML- Cu-250, ML-Cu-375 etc. 10/06/2018 Intrauterine Contraceptive Device 6

7. 10/06/2018 Intrauterine Contraceptive Device 7 Frist generation IUD Second generation IUD

8. Sides effect of ParaGard (Second generation) Anemia Backaches Spotting between periods Vaginal discharge Pain during sex 10/06/2018 Intrauterine Contraceptive Device 8

9. 10/06/2018 Intrauterine Contraceptive Device 9 Hormonal IUD Also known as third generation of IUD. In this IUD, Progestasert hormone is use. Once placed in the uterus, this types of IUD slowly release small amounts of the hormone progestin to stop sperm from reaching the egg. Effective usually 7 days of insert. Usually T shape. Example Progesterone IUD and Levonorgestrel IUD

10. Side effect of hormonal Breast cancer Breast tenderness Headaches Nausea Mood changes Weight gain 10/06/2018 Intrauterine Contraceptive Device 10

11. Mechanism of IUD 10/06/2018 Intrauterine Contraceptive Device 11

12. Frist and second generation of IUD IUD cause local inflammation in uterus wall that begins about 24 hrs after insert. This inflammation attacks WBC. Then, this WBC produce antibody which is toxic substances for sperm. Second generation IUD also release cupper ions which is also toxic for sperm. By this mechanism, IUD prevent fertilization. 10/06/2018 Intrauterine Contraceptive Device 12

13. Third generation of IUD Same mechanism like first generation, but release progesterone hormone daily. This hormone increase the viscosity of the cervical mucus. Prevent sperm from entering the cervix. 10/06/2018 Intrauterine Contraceptive Device 13

14. 10/06/2018 Intrauterine Contraceptive Device 14 T-shaped plastic frame Hormone cylinder Thread

15. Advantages of IUD Simplicity Insertion takes only few minute Easily remove Inexpensive Highest continuation rate Temporary method of contraceptive 10/06/2018 Intrauterine Contraceptive Device 15

16. Contraindications Cervical cancer Pelvic inflammation & STD Abnormal vaginal bleeding. Abnormal uterine anatomy Pervious ectopic pregnancy. Suspected pregnancy 10/06/2018 Intrauterine Contraceptive Device 16

17. Side effect Bleeding Pain Pelvic infection Uterine perforation Pregnancy Ectopic pregnancy 10/06/2018 Intrauterine Contraceptive Device 17

18. Trend in number of new acceptor of IUD in Nepal 10/06/2018 Intrauterine Contraceptive Device 18

19. Conclusion Usually T shaped IUD is highly effective then other. It is inexpensive, simple and long term use. Remove at any time. Have some major side effect like Uterine perforation In nepal, the new number of IUD acceptor is decreasing. 10/06/2018 Intrauterine Contraceptive Device 19

20. References 1. Park K. Park's Textbook of PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE. 24 ed. 1167, PREM NAGAR, NAGPUR ROAD, JABALPUR, 482 001 (INDIA): BANARSIDS BHANOT. 529-33 p. 2. DOHS. MOHP. Annual Report 2072/73 3. IUD (Intrauterine Device for Brith Control) [Internet]. MedicineNet . 4. Rinkunas S. THE CUT 2016 [Nov 1, 2016]. 5. PSI HOME. INTRAUTERINE CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICE (IUD) 2018. 6. healthline . Choosing Between Intrauterine Device (IUD) Types 2016. 10/06/2018 Intrauterine Contraceptive Device 20