INTRO-TO-GRAMMATICAL-THEORIES- powerpoint

grammatical theories ppt

1. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF GRAMMATICAL THEORY REPORTED BY: PAMELA C. CARIAGA

2. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF GRAMMATICAL THEORY 1. Ancient Period Ancient India Pāṇini (circa 4th century BCE) : An ancient Indian scholar who authored the Ashtadhyayi , one of the earliest known works on grammar. Pāṇini's work laid the foundation for Sanskrit grammar and influenced linguistic theory significantly. Ancient Greece Plato (circa 428-348 BCE) : Explored the relationship between language and reality. Aristotle (384-322 BCE) : His work on logic and rhetoric included discussions on parts of speech and syntax. Dionysius Thrax (circa 170-90 BCE) : Authored " Techne Grammatike ," which is considered one of the first systematic grammar books of Greek.

3. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF GRAMMATICAL THEORY 2. Roman Period Marcus Terentius Varro (116-27 BCE) : Analyzed Latin grammar and distinguished between morphology and syntax. Priscian (circa 500 CE) : His work " Institutiones Grammaticae " became a cornerstone for Latin grammar studies in medieval Europe.

4. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF GRAMMATICAL THEORY 3. Medieval Period Aelius Donatus (4th century CE) : His grammar texts were widely used in medieval schools. Scholastic Grammarians (11th-14th centuries) : Combined linguistic analysis with logic and philosophy, often focusing on Latin.

5. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF GRAMMATICAL THEORY 4. Renaissance and Early Modern Period Revival of interest in classical languages (Greek and Latin) led to the development of more descriptive grammar books. Port-Royal Grammar (1660) : Developed by Antoine Arnauld and Claude Lancelot, this grammar was based on the idea that grammatical principles are universal and rooted in logic.

6. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF GRAMMATICAL THEORY 5. 18th and 19th Centuries 18th Century Prescriptive Grammar : Focused on setting rules for "proper" language use. Notable grammarians include Robert Lowth and Samuel Johnson. 19th Century Comparative Philology : Scholars like Franz Bopp and August Schleicher compared languages to reconstruct proto-languages, leading to the development of historical linguistics. Structuralism Beginnings : Ferdinand de Saussure's ideas laid the groundwork for structural linguistics, emphasizing the synchronic study of language (language at a particular point in time).

7. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF GRAMMATICAL THEORY 6. 20th Century to Present Early 20th Century Structural Linguistics : Leonard Bloomfield in the U.S. and the Prague School (e.g., Roman Jakobson ) in Europe focused on the systematic description of languages. Mid-20th Century Generative Grammar : Noam Chomsky revolutionized linguistic theory with his book "Syntactic Structures" (1957) , introducing concepts like deep structure and transformational rules. Late 20th Century Functionalism : Emphasizes the communicative function of language. Key figures include Michael Halliday with his Systemic Functional Grammar. Cognitive Linguistics : George Lakoff and Ronald Langacker explore the relationship between linguistic knowledge and cognition.

8. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF GRAMMATICAL THEORY 6. 20th Century to Present 21st Century Advances in Syntax, Semantics, and Pragmatics : Continued development in theoretical frameworks and application of computational methods in linguistics. Sociolinguistics and Pragmatics : Exploration of how language use varies across different social contexts and its impact on meaning.

9. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF GRAMMATICAL THEORY Conclusion The development of grammatical theories has evolved from early descriptive efforts in ancient civilizations to sophisticated theoretical frameworks in modern linguistics. Each period contributed foundational ideas and methods that continue to shape our understanding of language today.

10. END OF REPORT THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!!