INTRO_TO_PHILO177288882636998655555928765552

Philo

1. Take time to reflect in your personal experience and answer the following questions. Share your thoughts in our class. 1. What are your thoughts about the song “Natutulog ba ang diyos? 2. Is faith necessary in human life? Why?

2. INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON Prepared by: Sir Rheym

3. HINDUISIM According to the Bhagadvad-Gita, the human body is presihable. It is subject to decay, sickness and death, moreover the human body is illusion. It is only a projection nature and illusory “Whoever craves the things that are perishable are bound to suffer.”

4. HINDUISIM Reincarnation in Hinduism, also known as the transmigration of souls, refers to the belief that the atman, the real or core self, lives on after death and takes on a new body. Thus, a single soul will live a succession of existences in different forms but is itself eternal.

5. HINDUISIM Brahman is a supreme, universal spirit that is eternal and unchanging. Hindu holy books refer to Brahman as being present throughout the entire universe and Hindus believe that all living beings carry a part of Brahman within them. This divine spark is known as the atman.

6. HINDUISIM Aum’ is frequently used to represent three subsumed into one, a common theme in Hinduism. It implies that our current existence is mithya, or 'skewed reality,' that in order to know the full truth we must comprehend beyond the body and intellect and intuit the true nature of infinity, of a “Divine Ground” that is imminent but also transcends all duality, being and non-being, that cannot be described in words. THE AUM

7. HINDUISIM The goals or values that a Hindu lives by are: Dharma: This is the ultimate value that governs the next two values. Anything you do in life should not go against a ‘social value,’ in other words, an individual always contributes towards the greater good of the society, and a ‘personal value,’ which means he will work towards his own and his family’s betterment. Artha: the goal of a man is strive for his (his family’s) economic betterment with in the framework of dharma.

8. HINDUISIM Kaama: the goal of a man is to strive for satisfying his own desires, again, within the framework of dharma. This is not necessarily limited to physical desires. Moksha: the ultimate goal of anyone is to realize the ‘absolute truth.’ He has the right to pure bliss. The right of quest for pure happiness grants him freedom from family and societal norms. Samsara is the wheel or cycle of birth, death, and rebirth. It is a cyclical process that continues until one reaches a state of enlightenment and freedom. Hindus believe that, upon death, one begins a process of rebirth into a new life. After death, the body is cremated to break the attachment of the soul to the physical body

9. HINDUISIM In Hinduism, the concept of enlightenment is based on total awareness of a situation, in terms of the physical and spiritual centers of the body. It also pertains to the cessation of all earthly suffering, culminating in the end of life and the cycle of death and rebirth (known as reincarnation).

10. HINDUISIM

11. HINDUISIM

12. BUDDHISM

13. BUDDHISM

14. BUDDHISM In Buddhist symbolism, the lotus represents purity of the body, speech and mind, as if floating above the murky waters of material attachment and physical desire. According to the traditional biographies, Gautama Buddha's first seven steps made lotus flowers appear. LOTUS

15. BUDDHISM Nirvana is believed to be attainable only with the elimination of all greed, hatred, and ignorance within a person. Nirvana signifies the end of the cycle of death and rebirth. According to the Four Noble Truths, “life is suffering” so ending the cycle of rebirth is something to be desired. Some Buddhists think of nirvana as a type of heaven where there is no suffering; other Buddhists view nirvana as a state of mind free from suffering.

16. BUDDHISM Arhat, in Buddhism, a perfected person, one who has gained insight into the true nature of existence and has achieved nirvana (spiritual enlightenment). The arhat, having freed himself from the bonds of desire, will not be reborn. The Eightfold Path is the Buddha’s fundamental teaching. Having established the truths of suffering, the cause of suffering, and freedom from suffering, the Buddha teaches the Eightfold Path so that we can follow to liberate ourselves from suffering and achieve enlightenment.

17. The Eightfold Path 1. Right View Right view includes a correct understanding of the Four Noble Truths, the law of karma (the principle that our actions have consequences), and the impermanence and interconnectedness of all phenomena. It involves recognizing the nature of suffering, its causes, and the path to its cessation. 2. Right Resolve Right resolve means cultivating wholesome and ethical intentions. This includes our intentions to renounce harmful actions, to develop goodwill and compassion toward all beings, and to cultivate non-attachment or non-harming.

18. The Eightfold Path 3. Right Speech False speech, divisive speech, harsh speech, and idle chatter are all considered unskillful and harmful and should be avoided. Instead, we should use our words to promote truth, harmony, and understanding . 4. Right Action Skillful action emphasizes ethical conduct and the importance of leading a life that is aligned with moral principles. This means refraining from harmful actions, including killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, and so on.

19. The Eightfold Path 5. Right Livelihood To engage in right livelihood means choosing work that is in harmony with the principles of ethical conduct and does not harm others. For example, this would include avoiding professions that involve harming sentient beings or engaging in dishonesty. 6. Right Effort Right effort means making a persistent and diligent effort to cultivate wholesome qualities and eliminate unwholesome ones, abandon negative mental states, and nurture positive ones.

20. The Eightfold Path 7. Right Mindfulness Right mindfulness is the practice of being fully aware and present in the moment: observing our body, feelings, mind, and mental phenomena with clear and non-judgmental awareness. Right Concentration Right concentration is the development of a one-pointed, focused mind. This is achieved through meditation practices that allow the mind to become absorbed in a single object of concentration, leading to states of mental tranquility and insight.

21. Four States of Sublimes Condition The Four sublimes state of mind have been taught by the Buddha Love or Loving-kindness (Mettā) Compassion (Karunā) Sympathetic Joy (Muditā) Equanimity (Upekkhā) These four atitudes are said to be excellent or sublime because they are the right or ideal way of conduct towards living beings (Sattesu Sammā Paṭipatti). they provide, in fact, the answer to all situations arising from social contact.

22. Four States of Sublimes Condition Metta is the first sublime state that is described as having unconditional love and sincere wish for all beings without any conditions and is not mingled with discrimination, passion, selfish attachment, or sensuous attachment. Metta is also about a pure intention to bring happiness and peace to others. Those who have metta in minds will overcome anger, ill will, hatred, and aversion. Karuna is the second virtue that involves the pure desire to help others from suffering and the cause of suffering. The act of opening one's heart and mind to others is known as Karuna. This compassion is similar to the empathy we have for others, especially when we are in the same situation. Despite the fact that we have not experienced the same suffering as others, we share their anguish.

23. Four States of Sublimes Condition Mudita is the third virtue that refers to being a person who has the feeling of joy or delight when someone has been successful or prosperous in a particular way. It is the feeling that arises spontaneously in the mind. It arises as a result of our mind's lack of jealousy and acceptance of others' accomplishments or prosperity. Upekkha or equanimity is the fourth sublime state that means discerning rightly, looking impartially, being patient with, and being the balanced state of mind. It is the middle way state of mind that is neither clinging nor pushing away because of like, dislike, delusion, or fear. Those who have this sublime state will not be upset when the person whom they love is in ruin or will not be happy when the enemy is in ruin.

24. CHRISTIANITY

25. CHRISTIANITY

26. CHRISTIANITY

27. Info Grap Make an info graphics about the things you know in your religion.