INTRODUCTION OF PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS.ppt

IT IS DIPLOMA SECOND YEAR PHARMACOTHERAPEUTIC PPT

1. PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS
DIPLOMA SECOND YEAR

2. INTRODUCTION
Pharmacotherapeutics(PT)istheapplicationof
pharmacologicalinformationtogetherwiththe
knowledgeofthediseaseforitsprevention,
mitigationorcure.

3. SCOPE OF PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS
Toincreaseknowledgeandupgradetheskillswhich
areneededforsafeuseandmedicinesdistributionby
pharmacistsandnursesinhospitalstopatients.
Itdevelopsthebasicconceptofpersonworkingin
differentdiagnosticlaboratoriesandinpathology
labs.
Pharmacotherapeuticsstudyenhancesthe
understandingofconceptofpharmacistworkingin
retailshopfordiseaseeradicationandmedicines
prescribed.

4. OBJECTIVE
Tounderstandthepathophysiologyofselected
ailmentsanddifferentdiseasestatesalongwithdrug
therapy.
Toknowaboutthetherapeuticstrategytotreatthe
diseases.
Theconcepttomanagethediseaseconditions.
Toeradicatethecontroversiesindrugtherapy.
To prepare the treatment plans in accordance with
findings of disease diagnosis of individual patient.

5. OBJECTIVE
Tosummarizethepossibletherapeuticapproachin
diseasemanagement.
Todeliberateanderadicatethecontroversiesindrug
therapy.
Tofindoutthepatient-specificparameterstostartthe
treatmentandmonitoringtherapy.
Todescribethepathophysiologyofselecteddisease
statesandgatherinformationontherationaleuseof
drugfortreatment.

6. IRRATIONALITY
Ineffectiveandunsafedrugtreatment.ƒ
Worseningorprolongingofillness.ƒ
AdversedrugreactionƒIncreasesthecosttothe
patient.ƒ
Antibioticresistance.

7. REASON FOR IRRATIONAL USE
OF DRUGS
•Easy accessibility to prescription drugs. ƒ
•Easy assess to OTC. ƒ
•Advice by friends, relatives and persons on
medicine. ƒ
•Patient decision. ƒ
•Advertisement.

8. IRRATIONAL PRESCRIBING
PRACTICES
•Prescribing drugs of no proven value.
•ƒPrescribing empirically ƒ unnecessary.
•Prescribing for self limiting conditions.
•ƒOverdosing and under-dosing.
•ƒ prescribing costly drugs.

9. GUIDELINES FOR RATIONAL
PRESCRIBING
•Definepatientproblemandestablishtherapeuticgoal.ƒ
•Usedrugonlywhenindicatedandwhenpotential
benefitsoutweightherisk.ƒ
•Chooseadrugofprovenefficacyandsafetyandmust
besuitableforindividualpatient.ƒ
•Avoidusingmorethanonedrugofthesamechemical
classatthesametime.ƒ
•InformthepatientƒMonitortheeffectsoftreatment.
•ƒDecidewhetherthedrugshouldbecontinuedatthe
presentdoseorstopped.ƒ
•Iftreatmenthasnotbeeneffective,identifythereason.

10. MISUSE OF ANTIBIOTICS
•Commoncold.ƒ
•Upperrespiratoryinfection.ƒ
•Startingantibioticswithoutdiagnosis.
•ƒFrequentlychangingantibioticsƒ
•Givingsuboptimaldoseƒ
•Notcompletingthecourseoftreatment.

11. RATIONAL USE OF ANTIBIOTICS
•Useantibioticsonlywhenindicated.ƒ
•Beforecommencingantibiotictherapy,specimenfor
gramstain,culture,sensitivitytestingshouldbe
obtained.ƒ
•Choiceshouldbebasedonsuspectedcausative
organism,safety,previousclinicalresponse,cost,
easyofuse,potentialforresistantorganism.
•ƒAdequatedoseanddurationoftreatment.
•ƒHistoryofallergyorADR.ƒ
•ProphylacticuseofantibioticsrestrictedƒOraltherapy
preferredmorethanparenteraltherapy.

12. •Antimicrobialcombinationshouldonlybeused
whereindicated.ƒ
•Moreeffectiveandleasttoxic.ƒ
•Topicalantibioticsrestrictedtofewproven
indication.

13. RATIONAL USE OF OTC DRUGS
•Patientdesirefortreatment.ƒ
•Pharmacistdesire.ƒ
•Contraindication.
•ƒDruginteraction.

14. THANK YOU