Introduction to arthrology by ARLOD AJAY

Introduction to arthrology

1. INTRODUCTION TO ARTHROLOGY                                                                    - syndesmology Submitted to                                                                                                      By ARLOD AJAY DR.VINAYASHEELA MAM  &                                                                                 KV/23-003      DR.VENU MADHAV SIR SIR                                                                                                                                

2. STUDY OF JOINTS Function of a joint is most important factor in determination of its character and structure. SIMPLE JOINT --------------->> COMPOSITE JOINT

3. JOINT TYPES These joints classified developmentally as Fibrous joints Cartilaginous joints  Synovial joints They are also known as: Synarthroses   [fibrous & primary cartilaginous joints] Amphiarthroses   [secondary cartilaginous joints] Diarthroses   [synovial joints]

4. SYNARTHROSES [FIBROUS JOINTS] Immovable joints 1.Sutures- these joints mostly found in skull Sutura serrata- eg : frontal suture Sutura squamosa- eg : parietal and temporal bone Sutura harmonica - eg : nasal bone 2.syndesmoses: the uniting medium is mixture of fibrous and elastic tissue - eg : intermetacarpal articulation-horse 3.schindylesis-when a bone is fitted into a groove of another bone eg : junction between vomer and sphenoid bone 4.gomphosis -eg: roots of teeth in alveolar sockets

5. CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS Limited movement present in these joints 1.synchondroses: the opposing bones are connected by hyaline cartilage  - eg : occipito -sphenoid.and intervertebral articulations of vertebrae 2.symphyses: fibrocartilaginous articulations between the symmetrical bones eg : symphysis mandibulae and symphysis pelvis

6.       SYNOVIAL JOINTS[DIARTHROSES]  Characterized by presence of                  - joint cavity                                                                - a synovial membrane                                                                - joint capsule Show wide range of movement.

7. MOVEMENTS OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS Translation or gliding Angular Angular movements as follows:   Flexion.                                                     Extension.                                                     Adduction.                                                     Abduction. Circumduction.  Rotation. Pronation and supination: refer to the position and movement of forearm and manus.

8. CLASSIFICATION OF DIARTHRIDIAL JOINTS ​ Uniaxial: eg - ginglymus,pivot , and condyloid joints. Biaxial: eg -saddle and ellipsoidal joints. Multiaxial: eg - ball and socket joints.

9. THANK YOU -----------------------------------------------------------------------------