INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNITY HEALTH AND PHYSIOTHERAPY.pptx

FT KOMUNITAS

1. INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNITY HEALTH AND PHYSIOTHERAPY TIM MK FT KOMUNITAS

2. A community is a group of people connected by visible and invisible links. Communities are defined in different ways: Geographic communities have geographic, physical, or political boundaries Communities of interest are connected not by physical space but by the sharing of an interest, behavior, risk, or characteristic Professional communities share knowledge and skills as well as interests DEFENITION What community is? TREY 2 research

3. In the context of community health, a community is “a group of people who have common characteristics; Communities can be defined by location, race, ethnicity, age, occupation, interest in particular problems or outcomes, or common bonds TREY 3 research

4. Komunitas adalah sebuah kelompok sosial dari beberapa organisme yang berbagi lingkungan, umumnya memiliki ketertarikan dan habitat yang sama. Komunitas berasal dari communitas Latin yang berarti “kesamaan”, kemudian dapat diturunkan dari communis yang berarti “sama, publik, dibagi oleh semua atau banyak”. Menurut WHO, komunitas merupakan kelompok sosial yang ditentukan oleh batas- batas wilayah, nilai- nilai keyakinan dan minat yang sama, serta adanya saling mengenal dan interaksi antara anggota masyarakat yang satu dengan yang lainnya. TREY 4 research

5. Place Can Define a Community TREY research Communities Defined by a Shared Concern

6. Place Can Define a Community The use of geographic features to define communities is necessary for the work of policy makers and planners who use, for example, census tracks, health districts, or hospital catchment areas for planning purposes. These boundaries may or may not indicate differences between people who live in these areas. They provide a useful delineation in which to conduct interventions. TREY research

7. Communities Defined by a Shared Concern TREY research Communities of shared concerns or interest can be linked by something as inherent as racial, ethnic, or national background and the history, values, culture, and customs that are part of that background. The social units that structure people’s work, school, or other daily activities provide another form of community. Example: nurses as distinct from physicians in a public hospital; patients as distinct from providers in the hospital.

8. W H A T I S COMM U N I T Y H E A L T H ? BRAIN STORMING TREY Add a footer 8 research

9. The WHO defines community health as the environmental, social, and economic resources to sustain emotional and physical well-being among people in ways that advance their aspirations and satisfy their needs in their unique environment. TREY Add a footer 9 research Community health is the intersection of healthcare, economics and social interaction.

10. The definition of community is important for healthcare practitioners because health interventions must target a specific community determines how resources will be allocated how an intervention will be delivered how a message will be framed. TREY research

11. Example the target audience is undergraduate students focusing on the long - term health effects of tobacco use is unlikely to be an effective strategy because this population is in an adolescent phase of development, believing that “ it won’t happen to me ” and focusing on today rather than the future TREY research

12. An example of the importance of defining a target community can be seen in designing a smoking cessation intervention the target audience is undergraduate students TREY research focusing on the long - term health effects of tobacco use is unlikely to be an effective strategy because this population is in an adolescent phase of development, believing that “ it won ’ t happen to me ” and focusing on today rather than the future pregnant women a message about the impact of cigarette smoking on healthy pregnancy outcomes will be more effective than one that stresses prevention of lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

13. COMMUNITY H E A L T H ACTIVITIES Community health activities are activities that are aimed at protecting or improving the health of a population or community. TREY research

14. FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE H E A L T H OF A COMMUNITY TREY research

15. Physical Factors TREY research Physical factors : the influences of geography, the environment, community size, and industrial development . Geography : A community’s health problems can be directly influenced by its altitude, latitude, and climate. In tropical countries where warm, humid temperatures and rain prevail throughout the year, parasitic and infectious diseases are a leading community health problem. In temperate climates with fewer parasitic and infectious diseases and a more than adequate food supply, obesity and heart disease are important community health problems.

16. Environment The quality of our environment is directly related to the quality of our stewardship over it. Many experts believe that if we continue to allow uncontrolled population growth and continue to deplete nonrenewable natural resources, succeeding generations will inhabit communities that are less desirable than ours. TREY research

17. Community Size The larger the community, the greater its range of health problems and the greater its number of health resources. For example, larger communities have more health professionals and better health facilities than smaller communities. It is important to note that a community’s size can impact both positively and negatively on that community’s health. TREY research

18. Industrial Development Industrial development provides a community with added resources for community health programs, but it may bring with it environmental pollution and occupational illnesses. TREY research

19. Social and Cultural Factors TREY research Social factors are those that arise from the interaction of individuals or groups within the community. For example, people who live in urban communities, where life is fast- paced, experience higher rates of stress-related illnesses than those who live in rural communities, where life is more leisurely. In rural areas may not have access to the same quality or selection of health care (i.e., providers, hospitals, or medical specialists) that is available to those who live in urban communities.

20. Cultural factors Beliefs, Traditions, and Prejudices Economy Politics Religion Social Norms Socio- economic Status TREY research

21. Community Organizing TREY research The way in which a community is able to organize its resources directly influences its ability to intervene and solve problems, including health problems. Community organizing “is a process through which communities are helped to identify common problems or goals, mobilize resources, and in other ways develop and implement strategies for reaching their goals they have collectively set.

22. Individual Behavior TREY research The behavior of the individual community members contributes to the health of the entire community. Example: the more individuals who become immunized against a specific disease, the slower the disease will spread and the fewer people will be exposed. This concept is known as herd immunity.

23. ECOLOGICAL THEORY APPLIED TO COMMUNITY - BASED INTERVENTION TREY research Applying ecological theory to community - based health interventions requires an understanding of these three principles: Health is the result of a fi t between individuals and their environment Environmental and social conditions interact with an individual to exert an important influence on health A multidisciplinary approach to health is necessary (Grzywacz & Fuqua, 2000)

24. PELAYANAN KESEHATAN BERBASIS KOMUNITAS TREY research Pelayanan kesehatan berbasis komunitas mencakup layanan yang diberikan oleh berbagai tenaga kesehatan komunitas sesuai pelatihan dan kapasitasnya. Tenaga kesehatan komunitas mencakup tenaga kesehatan baik awam maupun profesional, formal maupun informal, dibayar maupun tidak, serta tenaga yang berbasis di fasilitas yang mendukung dan mengawasi serta memberikan layanan dan kampanye penjangkauan.

25. Pemberian Layanan Kesehatan Esensial Berbasis Komunitas TREY research Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan kesehatan masyarakat yang ada dan memitigasi dampak wabah COVID- 19, program pelayanan kesehatan primer yang disepakati di tingkat nasional harus memastikan kapasitas pencegahan kesakitan dan kematian melalui pemberian berbasis komunitas layanan esensial, seperti: mencegah penyakit menular melalui pemberian imunisasi, kemoprevensi, pengendalian vektor, dan pengobatan; menghindari perburukan akut dan kegagalan pengobatan dengan cara tetap memberikan pengobatan bagi orang- orang yang mengidap kondisi kornis; mengambil langkah- langkah khusus untuk melindungi populasi rentan, seperti ibu hamil dan ibu menyusui, anak- anak, dan lansia; dan menatalaksana kondisi kedaruratan yang memerlukan intervensi sensitif waktu dan menjaga berfungsinya sistem rujukan.

26. COMMUNITY PHYSIOTHERAPY TREY Add a footer 26 research

27. In community physiotherapy, the emphasis is on the setting “where” the treatment takes place. As the name clearly suggests, it is physiotherapy services “in the community” as opposed to acute- care setting. The physiotherapist visits the patient in the community and offers treatment. Community could be the patient’s home or residential care facility where the patient resides. TREY research

28. A community physiotherapist sees patients out in the community, usually either in their home, workplace, aged care facility, community centres or the like. TREY research In other words, community physiotherapists provide physio treatment outside of a traditional clinic setting.

29. Some of the most common treatments offered as part of community physiotherapy include: Outpatient treatment Domiciliary visits Continence promotion Rural inpatient treatment Aged care treatment Health promotion TREY research

30. Outpatient Treatment: Outpatient treatment by a community physiotherapist includes recovery and rehabilitation treatment after a hospital stay. Domiciliary Visits: home visits - where a community physio visits the home of someone in need of care. Continence Promotion: Assessment and treatment of incontinence and pelvic floor dysfunction in the community; providing education for continence promotion in the community Rural Inpatient Treatment : Community physiotherapy provides high- quality care to those in rural areas who may not have immediate access to hospitals and physio clinics. TREY research

31. Aged Care Treatment: Community physiotherapy is also common in providing essential care for the ageing population, whether they live at home, with family members or in an aged care facility. Health Promotion : Often provided in community centres to bring neighbours together in the name of health and wellness. TREY research

32. REFERENSI TREY research https://www.physioinq.com.au/blog/what-is-community- physiotherapy#:~:text=Community%20physiotherapy%20is%20physiotherapy%20tr eatment,of%20where%20treatment%20is%20offered .

33. T h a n k Y o u April Hansson [phone] [email protected] Trey Research TREY 33 research