Introduction to Computer Engineering. Motherboard.

Introduction to Computer Engineering. Motherboard.

1. MOTHERBOARD Presented by Rauf Asadov Faculty Engineering

2. The Motherboard is the circuit board which serves to connect and communicate all of the parts of a computer attached

3. Types of Motherboards ATX form factor ATX (Advanced Technology Extended) – is a specification used to outline M otherboard configuration and dimensions ATX defines the following: Dimensions of Motherboard Dimensions and position of P ower Supply Requirements for İ /O shield

4. 305mm×279-330mm 305mm×224mm 305mm×244mm 170mm×170mm

5. Power Connectors EATX12V EATXPWR12V

6. Processor Socket Socket is where the CPU or processor is placed. The number in the names represents the number of pins present on the backside of the CPU that connect to the motherboard’s socket . Sockets determine what kind of CPU the motherboard can support . Intel 6 th Generation Core i7/i5/i3, Pentium, and Celeron processors

7. Land Grid Array Pin Grid Array

8. CPU CPU(Central Processing Unit ) – Main Chip on the Motherboard that does calculations, and coordinates the other motherboard components. implements execution of all arithmetic and Logic operations decodes code operations of current instructions implements execution of all arithmetic and Logic operations ARRAY consist of multiple registers that each temporary saves data of ALU

9. BUSes A b us is simply a circuit that connects one part of the motherboard to another CPU is connected with other chips by own external buses-Front Side Bus(FSB) consisting of DB (Data Bus) AB (Address Bus) CB (Control Bus)

10. Main memory I/O bridge Bus interface ALU Register file CPU System bus Memory bus Typical Bus Structure Connecting CPU and Memory

11. Memory Read Transaction (1) CPU places address A on the memory bus. ALU register file bus interface A A x main memory I/O bridge %eax Load operation: movl A, %eax

12. Memory Read Transaction (2) Main memory reads A from the memory bus, retrieves word x, and places it on the bus. ALU register file bus interface x A x main memory %eax I/O bridge Load operation: movl A, %eax

13. Memory Read Transaction (3) CPU read word x from the bus and copies it into register % eax . x ALU register file bus interface x main memory A %eax I/O bridge Load operation: movl A, %eax

14. Memory Write Transaction (1) CPU places address A on bus. Main memory reads it and waits for the corresponding data word to arrive. y ALU register file bus interface A main memory A %eax I/O bridge Store operation: movl % eax , A

15. Memory Write Transaction (2) CPU places data word y on the bus. y ALU register file bus interface y main memory A %eax I/O bridge Store operation: movl %eax, A

16. Memory Write Transaction (3) Main memory read data word y from the bus and stores it at address A. y ALU register file bus interface y main memory A %eax I/O bridge Store operation: movl %eax, A

17. RAM slots Ram(Random Access Memory ) is used to hold programs while they are being executed, and data while it is being processed. Ram is temporary memory meaning that information written to ram will disappear when the computer is turned off. 4 × DDR4(Double Data Rate) DIMM(Dual In-line Memory Module) 3466(O.C) MHz support, maximum 64 GB

18. Expansion Slots 2 × PCI(Peripheral Component Interconnect) Express 3.0/2.0 x16 slots 2 × PCI Express 3.0/2.0 x1 slots 2 × PCI slots

19. SATA SATA(Serial Advanced Technology Attachment) is interface standard for connecting storage devices like H ard D rives  and  Optical Drives  to the  motherboard . SATA interface. Data transfers at the rate of up to 6 Gb/s

20. ROM Rom(Read O nly M emory ) – permanent memory. It remember its contents even when the power is turned off The BIOS chip contains the basic code needed to avoid resetting of BIOS settings and system time 128Mb BIOS Since the BIOS code is stored on a memory chip that needs constant power to function, a battery is also present to keep the chip powered when the computer is unplugged

21. Chip Set The chipset is the "glue" that connects the microprocessor to the rest of the motherboard and therefore to the rest of the computer. On a PC, it consists of two basic parts -- the Northbridge and the Southbridge. All of the various components of the computer communicate with the CPU through the chipset. This metal component is actually a heatsink , and its role is to provide thermal protection for the Northbridge – one of the most important components of a motherboard.

22. Chip Set Link Channel The N orthbridge is responsible for coordinating the data flow between the memory, the video card and the processor. Southbridge is responsible for coordinating the data flow between the processor and peripherals such as sound cards or network cards.

23. Chip Set determines Type of the CPU Maximum RAM needed Frequency of FSB (Front Side Bus) MHz