Introduction-to-Database-Management-System.pdf

Intro to DBMS

1. INTRODUCTION TO
DATABASE
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Emmanuel R. Cuario
Teacher III

2. DATA STORAGE UNITS ON THE COMPUTER
Datastorageisatermusedforstoringdatafrom
storagedevicessuchasharddiskdrives,flashdrives
andothers.Differenttypesofdatastorageplayavital
roleincomputerenvironment.Dataisstoredinthe
computerinbinaryform.

3. DATA STORAGE UNITS ON THE COMPUTER
•Bit–thesmallestunitofdatastorage.Abitcouldeitherbe0
or1.
•Nibble–isa4-bitunitofdataorhalfabyte.Thisisnota
commonlyusedtermbecausemostofmicroprocessorsuse8
bitunitofdataorhigher.
•Byte–isaunitofdatathatisequivalenttoeightbinary
digits.

4. DATA PROCESSING CYCLE
Origination Input Manipulation Output Storage

5. DATA PROCESSING CYCLE
•Origination-Allsourcedocuments(rawdata)aregatheredthatcan
beusedinthenextstepofthecycle.
•Input–Alldatagatheredwillbeintroducedtothedataprocessing
system.Theinformationiscreatedbymeansofanyinputdevicesuch
askeyboard,mouseetc.
•Processing–Sourcedocumentwillbealteredtoproducemeaningful
results.Classifying,sorting,calculating,recording,andsummarizing
aresomeexamplesoffunctionsthatcanbedonetothesource
document.

6. DATA PROCESSING CYCLE
•Output –After the information has been processed, the
result, called the output, is achieved.
•Storage –Once the output has been created, this output can
be stored temporarily or permanently so that every time a
user wants to use this output, it can be retrieved.

7. DATA PROCESSING METHODS
•MANUAL METHOD –source documents are prepared by
using tools such as pens, pencils, ledgers, files and folders,
among others.
•MECHANICAL METHOD –source documents are manually
prepared using mechanical equipment such as typewriter.
•ELECTRONIC METHOD –source documents are
electronically prepared by the system.

8. DATA PROCESSING MODES
•BATCH PROCESSING –the most inexpensive and efficient mode for
large organizations. This is a method of processing information in
which transactions are accumulated and stored until a specified time.
Batch processing is often used where large amount of data needs to be
processed.
•ONLINE PROCESSING –is a method of processing information in which
transactions are entered directly into the computer and processed
immediately. Online processing is used when the devices are directly
under the control of a central processing unit.

9. DATA VALIDATION TECHNIQUE
Computers do not have the capability to know what
data is right or wrong. To minimize such situations, that
may sometimes lead to some erroneous output, data
must be validated within specific criteria to check for
correctness before being processed by the system.