INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM.pptx

Introduction to database management system

1. INTRODUCTION TO DBMS Learning outcome Explain the various database concepts and the need for database systems Identify and define database objects ,enforce integrity constraints on a database using dbms Demonstrate of a data model and schemas in RDBMS Identify entity and relationship and draw ER diagram given real world problem Convert an ER diagram to a database schema to desired normal form Formulate queries in Relational Algebra , Structural Query Language(SQL) for database manipulation Explain the transaction processing and concurrency control techniques

2. INTRODUCTION TO DBMS Data is nothing but facts and statistics stored or free flowing over a network,generally its raw facts and unprocessed. Information: When data is processed turning into some meaningfull Database: A database is a collection of logically related data organized in away that data can be easily accessed managed and updated. Represents some aspect of the real world, logically coherent collection of data with inheritance, built for specific purpose. It is also used to organize the data in the form of table, schema,views and reports etc

3. DBMS- Database Management System A DBMS is a software that allows creation definition and manipulation of database allowing to store process and analyse data easily. DBMS providesus with an interface or a tool to perform operation like creating database storing data in it.updating data,creating tables in the database and a lot more. DBMS provides protection and security to the database. It maintains data consistency in case of multiple users. Example of DBMS are My Sql , Oracle, SQL Server,IBM DB2

4. Database system Applications Banking Water meter biling Rail and airlines Colleges Credit card transactions Finance Sales Telecommuncation Manufacturing Human Resources

5. Database System Applications Telecom: There is a database that keeps the track of the information regarding calls made,network usage customer details. Industry: Where it is a manufacturing unit warehouse or distribution centre each one needs a database to know the records ins and outs Banking System : For storing customer info ,tracking day to day credit and debit transactions generating bank statements. Sales: To store customer information production information and invoice details Airlines; Tp travel through airlines we do reservation ,this reservation information along with flight scheduke is stored in database Education sector: Database system are frequently used n schools and colleges to store and retrieve the data regarding student details staff details course details,attendance details

6. Characterstics and purpose of DB Approach Self describing nature of database system Insulation between program and data and data abstraction Support of multiple views of the data Sharing of data and multiuser transaction processing

7. Self describing Nature of a database system Database system contains complete definition of structure and constraints Meta data:-describes structure of database,the information stored in catalog is called metadata Database catalog used by DBMS software Database users who need information about database structure

8. INSULATION BETWEEN PROGRAMS AND DATA Program data independence * Structure of data fikes is stored in DBMS catalog separately from access programs Program operation independence * Operation specified in two parts Interface includes operations name and data ypes of its arguments * Implementation can be changed without affecting the interface

9. DATA ABSTRACTION Allows program data independence and program operation dependence Conceptual representation of data * Does not include details of how data is stored or how operations are implemented Data model type of data abstraction i.e used to provide conceptual representation

10. SUPPORT of MULYUPLE VIEWS OF THE DATA View * Subset of the database * Contains virtusl data derived from the databse files but it is not explicitly stored . Multiuser DBMS Users have a variety of distinct applications Must provide facilites for defining multiple views

11. SHARING OF DATA AND MULTIUSERS Allow multiple users to access the database at the same time Concurrency control software * Ensure that several users trying to update the same data do so in a controlled manner * Result of the update is correct Online transaction processing (OLTP) application

12. ADVANTAGES OF DBMS Controls database redundancy Data sharing Easy maintenance Reduce time Backup Multiple user interface

13. PEOPLE ASSOCIATED WITH DATABASE SYSTEM Database Administrators (DBA) : DBA is a person who has control over both data and application. Some of the responsibilities of DBA are authorization access,schema definition and modifcations,new software installation and security enforcement and administration Cordinationg and monitoring of database acquiring software and hardware resources

14. PEOPLE ASSOCIATED WITH DATABASE SYSTEM System Analysis : System analyst determines the requirement of end users.It createssolution to the business needs both technical and non-technical aspects Application programmers:- These are the computer professionals who implement the specifucations given in the system analyst and develop the application program Programmers test,debug,document and maintain the canned transaction

15. PEOPLE ASSOCIATED WITH DATABASE SYSTEM Database designers : Database designers are responsible for identifying the data to be stored n database for choosing structure to represent and store the data Database designers typically interacts with each potential group of users and develop views of the database that meet the data and processing requirements of these groups Endusers (Database users) : Database uses ae those who interact with database in order to query and update the database and generate reports

16. END USERS People whose jobs require access to the database They use the data for queries reports and some of them update the database content Types 1. Casual end users 2. Native or parametrc end users Sophisticated end users Standalone users

17. ENDUSERS 1.Casual: Aceess database occasionally when needed 2.Native or Parametric They use previously well defined functions in the form of canned transactions against the database Example banktellers or reservations clerks

18. ENDUSERS Sophisticated These include business analysis scientist engineers familiar with system capability Stand Alone Mostly maintain personal database usinf ready to packaged applications An example is a tax program user that create its database ,address book

19. WORK BEHIND THE SCENE DBMS SYSTEM designers and implementers Tool developers Design and implement tool Operators and maintenance personal