Introduction to forest.pptx

Introduction to forestry

1. INTRODUCTION – DEFINITIONS & BASIC TERMS RELATED TO FORESTRY Dr. B. Sangeetha

2. Forest- The word ‘ Forest’ is derived from Latin word ‘ foris ’ meaning outside the village boundary or away from inhabited land. Forest is defined as ‘an area set aside for the production of timber and other forest produce, or maintained under woody vegetation for certain indirect benefits which it provides, e.g., climatic and protective. Forestry is defined as ‘the theory and practice of all that constitutes the creation, conservation and scientific management of forests and the utilization of their resources’.

3. Forest Cover : defined as all lands, more than one hectare in area, with a tree canopy density of more than 10%.

4. Very Dense Forest: All lands, with a forest cover with canopy density of 70% and above

5. Moderately Dense Forest: All lands, with a forest cover with canopy density of 40-70 %

6. Open Forest: All lands, with forest cover with canopy density of 10 to 40%

7. Scrub: All lands, with poor tree growth mainly of small or stunted trees with canopy density of less than 10 %

8. Non -Forest: Area not included in the above category

9. Forest Cover of India Class Area (Sq km) Percent of Geographic Area (%) Very Dense forest 98,158 2.99 Moderately Dense forest 3,08,318 9.38 Open Forest 3,01,797 9.18 Total Forest Cover 7,08,273 21.54 Scrub 45,979 1.40 Non – Forest 25,33,217 77.06 Total Geographical Area 32,87,469 100 Includes 4921 sq km under mangrove cover

10. Forest Laws in India Indian Forest Act, 1927 Forest Conservation Act, 1980 Environment Protection Act, 1986 Biological Diversity Act, 2002 The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 Compensatory Afforestation Fund Act, 2016

11. Forest research Institutes ICFRE – Indian Council for Forest Research and Education, Dehradun. Forest Research Institute - Dehradun. Forest Survey of India, Dehradun Institute of Forest Biodiversity, Hyderabad Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Coimbatore Forest College and Research Institute, Mettupalayam Centre for International Forestry Research, Bogor, Indonesia.

12. ICFRE – Indian Council for Forest Research and Extension, Dehradun.

13. Forest Research Institute - Dehradun

14. Forest Survey of India, Dehradun

15. Institute of Forest Biodiversity, Hyderabad

16. Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Coimbatore

17. Forest College and Research Institute, Mettupalayam

18. Centre for International Forestry Research, Bogor, Indonesia.

19. Agroforestry Research Institutes ICAR-Central Agroforestry Research Institute, Jhansi International Centre for Research in Agroforestry, Nairobi, Kenya

20. Important Days Related to Forestry International day for forest – March, 21 International Mother Earth Day – April, 22 Environment Day – June, 5 International Day for Biological diversity – May,22

21. Scientist involved in Forest Conservation Dietrich Brandis – Father of Indian forestry Hugo Woods – Man behind the conservation of western Ghats Volcker – Forest development and management Salim Ali – Ornithologist, Bird man of India Sunderlal Bahuguna - Chipko movement Wangari Mathaai – Green Belt Movement

22. 1864- Dietrich Brandis- Inspector General of Forests in India, a position he served in for 20 years. He formulated helped establish research a new forest legislation and training institutions. The Imperial Forest School at Dehradun was founded by him. Brandis was created a Companion of the Indian Empire in 1878

23. Salim Ali – Ornithologist Sálim Moizuddin Abdul Ali  (12 November 1896 – 20 June 1987) was an  Indian   ornithologist  and  naturalist . " Birdman of India “- the first Indian to conduct systematic bird surveys across India and wrote several  bird books  that popularized  ornithology  in India. He became a key figure behind the  Bombay Natural History Society  after 1947 and used his personal influence to garner government support for the organisation , create the Bharatpur bird sanctuary ( Keoladeo National Park ) and prevent the destruction of what is now the  Silent Valley National Park .

24. The  Chipko movement  or  chipko andolan , was a forest  conservation movement  in  India . The movement originated in 1973 at the Himalayan region of Uttarakhand (then part of Uttar Pradesh) and went on to become a rallying point for many future environmental movements all over the world. It created a precedent for starting  nonviolent  protest in India. However, it was  Sunderlal Bahuguna , a Gandhian activist, who gave the movement a proper direction and its success meant that the world immediately took notice of this non-violent movement, which was to inspire in time many similar eco-groups by helping to slow down the rapid  deforestation , expose vested interests, increase social awareness and the need to save trees, increase ecological awareness, and demonstrate the viability of people power.

25. Wangari Mathaai – Green Belt Movement The  Green Belt Movement (GBM)  is an indigenous,  grassroots , non-governmental organization based in  Nairobi ,  Kenya , that takes a holistic approach to development by focusing on environmental conservation, community development and capacity building. Professor  Wangari Maathai  established the organization in 1977, under the auspices of the  National Council of Women of Kenya . The Green Belt Movement also aims at organizing women in rural Kenya to plant trees, combat  deforestation , restore their main sources of fuel for cooking, generate income, and stop  soil erosion . Maathai has incorporated advocacy and empowerment for women,  eco-tourism , and overall economic development into the Green Belt Movement. Since Wangari Maathai started the movement in 1977, over 51 million trees have been planted, and over 30,000 women have been trained in  forestry ,  food processing ,  bee-keeping , and other trades that help them earn income while preserving their lands and resources.