Introduction to Human Anatomy & Physiology

This presentation contains introduction to human anatomy & physiology, basic terminology involved in HAP, various systems and body cavities.

1. Introduction to Human Anatomy & Physiology 9/11/2021 1 Prepared by Ms. Nisha S. Mhaske M.Pharm (Q.A.T ) Lecturer, PRES’s COPD, Chincholi. Email : [email protected] Loknete Dr.Balasaheb Vikhe Patil ( Padmabhushan Awardee ) Pravara Rural Education Society’s College of Pharmacy (D.Pharm) Nashik.

2. Introduction Anatomy- It is a branch of science which deals with study of Internal & External Gross Structure of human body. Physiology - It is a branch of science which deals with study of Functional Aspects of body. 9/11/2021 2

3. Human Body- organization of Life 9/11/2021 3

4. Various systems of human body Sr. No Name of system Structure Function 1 Skeletal 1. Supporting structure 2. Protection to delicate organs 2 Muscular 1.Help to give body its shape 2. Power to move in all directions 9/11/2021 4

5. 3 Nervous Control & Co-ordinate functions of various parts of body 4 Circulatory 1.To supply Oxygen & nutrient to all parts of body 2.Remove all waste products from the body. 9/11/2021 5

6. 5 Respiratory 1.Supply oxygen to the body 2. Excrete carbon dioxide & water vapour from the body. 6 Digestive 1.Digestion of food 2. Absorption of food 9/11/2021 6

7. 7 Excretory Removes waste products from body 8 Endocrine Secretes hormones & they regulate body processes. 9/11/2021 7

8. 9 Reproductive Transmits life from one generation to another 9/11/2021 8

9. The human body is built round the bony framework or skeleton which consists of the following parts:- The head & neck The Trunk –thorax, abdomen & Pelvis. The limbs, both upper & lower. Body is divided into 4 cavities; Cranial Thoracic Abdominal Pelvic 9/11/2021 9

10. Cranial Thoracic Abdominal Pelvic Brain Skull Lungs Heart Trachea Bronchi Oesophagus Stomach Small intestine Most of large intestine Liver Gall bladder Pancreas Spleen Kidney Upper part of uterus Lower part of large intestine Few loops of Small intestine Urinary bladder Urethra Reproductive organs 9/11/2021 10 Body is divided into 4 cavities

11. Superior - it indicates a structure near the head Inferior - it indicates a structure away from the head. 9/11/2021 11

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16. Term Meaning Proximal nearest to the point of attachment of the limb Distal farthest away from the attachment of the limb Anterior nearer to the front of the body Posterior nearer to the back of the body Sinus cavity within a bone Meatus tube-shaped cavity within a bone Suture immovable joint between two or more bones Articulation joint between two or more bones Condyle smooth rounded projection of a bone which takes part in a joint. Tubercle small, rounded bony projections for attachment of muscles or ligaments Fossa hollow Septum partition separating two cavities Fissure/cleft narrow slit Foramen it is a hole in a structure 9/11/2021 16

17. Cytology It is branch of science which deals with the study of structure and functions of cell Histology It is branch of science which deals with the study of the microscopic structure of tissues. Myology It is branch of science which deals with the study of the structure, arrangement, and action of muscles. Hematology The branch of science which deals with the study of blood, its composition, functions, normal count of it. 9/11/2021 17

18. Diaphragm - a dome-shaped muscular partition separating the thorax from the abdomen. 9/11/2021 18

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