Introduction to Interventional Radiology.pptx

Interventional radiology is a medical specialty that uses imaging techniques, such as X-rays, CT scans, and ultrasound, to guide minimally invasive procedures to diagnose and treat a variety of conditions. These procedures can be an alternative to open surgery, often resulting in shorter recovery times for patients.

1. Introduction to Interventional Radiology Interventional radiology is a medical specialty that uses imaging techniques, such as X-rays, CT scans, and ultrasound, to guide minimally invasive procedures to diagnose and treat a variety of conditions. These procedures can be an alternative to open surgery, often resulting in shorter recovery times for patients. Presenter: Dr. Dheeraj Kumar MRIT, Ph.D. (Radiology and Imaging) Assistant Professor Medical Radiology and Imaging Technology School of Health Sciences, CSJM University, Kanpur

2. Definition of Interventional Radiology Minimally Invasive Procedures Interventional radiology involves the use of imaging techniques to guide instruments through small incisions, avoiding the need for open surgery. Image-Guided Diagnosis and Treatment These procedures allow for precise targeting and treatment of various medical conditions using real-time imaging to guide the process. Collaborative Approach Interventional radiologists work closely with other medical specialists to provide comprehensive, patient-centered care.

3. Indications for Interventional Radiology Procedures 1 Vascular Disorders Conditions such as peripheral arterial disease, aneurysms, and blood clots. 2 Cancer Treatment Procedures like tumor ablation and embolization to treat various cancers. 3 Pain Management Interventional techniques for the treatment of chronic pain, such as vertebroplasty. 4 Organ Dysfunction Procedures to address issues with the liver, kidneys, or other organs.

4. Clinical Applications of Interventional Radiology Cardiovascular Treatment of peripheral arterial disease, aortic aneurysms, and other vascular conditions. Oncology Tumor ablation, embolization, and other therapies to target various cancers. Musculoskeletal Procedures to address joint pain, spinal disorders, and other musculoskeletal issues.

5. Vascular Interventional Radiology Procedures 1 Angioplasty Using a balloon to open blocked arteries and improve blood flow. 2 Stenting Placing a small mesh tube to prop open and support a narrowed artery. 3 Embolization Blocking blood flow to a specific area, often used to treat bleeding or tumors.

6. Non-Vascular Interventional Radiology Procedures Biopsy Collecting a small sample of tissue for analysis. Ablation Using heat, cold, or other methods to destroy abnormal tissue. Drainage Removing fluid or other material from the body using a catheter. Vertebroplasty Injecting a cement-like material into a fractured vertebra to stabilize it.

7. Imaging Guidance in Interventional Radiology X-Ray Provides real-time, high-contrast imaging to guide procedures. CT Scan Offers detailed, cross-sectional images for more complex procedures. Ultrasound Allows for dynamic, radiation-free imaging during certain interventions.

8. Benefits of Interventional Radiology 1 Minimally Invasive Smaller incisions and less disruption to the body compared to open surgery. 2 Shorter Recovery Many interventional procedures have quicker recovery times for patients. 3 Improved Outcomes Interventional radiology can lead to better treatment results in many cases.

9. Risks and Complications of Interventional Radiology Bleeding Potential for bleeding at the site of the procedure. Infection Risk of infection, which can be mitigated through proper sterile techniques. Allergic Reactions Possible allergic reactions to contrast dyes or other materials used. Organ Damage Rare risk of unintended damage to nearby organs or structures.

10. Future Advancements in Interventional Radiology Robotics and Automation Increased use of robotic and automated systems to enhance precision and efficiency. Molecular Imaging Advancements in imaging techniques to provide more detailed, targeted information. Personalized Medicine Tailoring interventional procedures to the unique needs and characteristics of each patient.

11. References Kandarpa, K., & Machan, L. (2016). Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Mauro, M. A., Murphy, K. P., Thomson, K. R., Venbrux , A. C., & Zollikofer , C. L. (2013). Image-Guided Interventions. Saunders Elsevier. Kessel, D., & Robertson, I. (2016). Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier Health Sciences. Valji , K. (2015). The Practice of Interventional Radiology, with Online Cases and Video. Elsevier.

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