Introduction to MIS (Evolution of MIS)

Evolution of MIS: Concepts; a framework for understanding and designing MIS in an organisation

1. Management Information Systems Evolution of MIS Prepared By: Mohammed Jasir PV Asst. Professor NBS, Koratty Contact: 9605 69 32 66

2. Topics Evolution of MIS: Concepts; framework for understanding and designing MIS in an organisation

3. Management Information System Management is the art of getting things done through and with the people in formally organised groups Management Planning Organizing Staffing Directing Controlling Functions Definition Levels

4. Management Information System Information Data is the future !! What is needed is information, not mass of data !! What ever the information is, timeliness is matter !! 1-212-290-490 Tel [phone]

5. Information The data which has been converted to meaningful and useful form Information means “The Processed Data”

6. Information Yes, No, Yes, Yes, Yes, Yes, No, No, Yes, Yes Response to the market research question- “Would you buy brand X at Rs. 10? ? Raw Data Context Processing !!! Data is like raw material & Information is like finished goods which having a value

7. Management Information System System A set of components that work together to achieve a common goal Definition Components Processing Feedback / Control Input Output Boundaries Environment

8. System A set of components that work together to achieve a common goal Systems can be viewed as process models in terms of their inputs, outputs, processing, and feedback/control mechanisms Derived from Greek word 'Systema’ - means an organised relationship among functional units or components Processing Input Output

9. Involves capturing and assembling elements that enter the system to be processed Involves transformation processes that convert input into output Involves transferring elements that have been produced to the ultimate destination

10. Information System - Definition A combination of Hardware Software Infrastructure and Trained personnel Organised to facilitate Planning Control Coordination and Decision Making In an organisation

11. Information System Its an organized combination of people, h/w, s/w, communication networks and data resources that collects, transforms & disseminate information in an organization An information system and MIS (IS) - or application landscape - is any combination of information technology and people's activities that support operations, management and decision making

12. What is an Information System? Information system is defined as a collection of elements that capture data and convert it in information and disseminate to the decision-makers in an organization Management information system is a system consisting of people, machines, procedures, databases and data models, as its elements. The system gathers data from the internal and external sources of an organisation

13. Information System – Components

14. Components of Information System Data Hardware Software Network People Database System Software Application Software

15. 1. Hardware: Physical equipment used for input, output and processing. What hardware to use it depends upon the type and size of the organisation. It consists of input, an output device, operating system, processor, and media devices. This also includes computer peripheral devices. 2. Software: The programs/ application program used to control and coordinate the hardware components. It is used for analysing and processing of the data. These programs include a set of instruction used for processing information. Software is further classified into 3 types: System Software Application Software Procedures

16. 3. Databases Data are the raw facts and figures that are unorganised that are and later processed to generate information. Softwares are used for organising and serving data to the user, managing physical storage of media and virtual resources. As the hardware can’t work without software the same as software needs data for processing. Data are managed using Database management system. Database software is used for efficient access for required data, and to manage knowledge bases.

17. 4. Network: Networks resources refer to the telecommunication networks like the intranet, extranet and the internet. These resources facilitate the flow of information in the organisation. Networks consists of both the physicals devises such as networks cards, routers, hubs and cables and software such as operating systems, web servers, data servers and application servers. Telecommunications networks consist of computers, communications processors, and other devices interconnected by communications media and controlled by software. Networks include communication media, and Network Support.

18. 5. Human Resources: It is associated with the manpower required to run and manage the system. People are the end user of the information system, end-user use information produced for their own purpose, the main purpose of the information system is to benefit the end user. The end user can be accountants, engineers, salespersons, customers, clerks, or managers etc. People are also responsible to develop and operate information systems. They include systems analysts, computer operators, programmers, and other clerical IS personnel, and managerial techniques.

19. Subsystems of an information system Data Repository: This is a subsystem which is at the core of any information system. These structures are arranged in a way that helps in faster storage and retrieval of data with adequate security. User Interface: This subsystem handles the interaction of the system with the user and hence it has to manage issues related to the display of data on an output medium. Network: This subsystem ensures communication between the different entities of an information system. Computer Hardware: An IT infrastructure is needed in an effective manner.

20. Subsystems of an information system System Software : Some basic software is required for the efficient functioning of information system Input/Output: I/O must be user independent Business rule (process): This is a set rules which governs how a system should function to imitate the real business process Algorithm / program / application software: This is the actual invisible component, which integrates all the components. The logic is defined in the program

21. An Information System Framework

22. Evolution of Information System

23. Evolution of Information System Office Automation Systems (OASs) : such as word processing systems were developed to support office and clerical workers Management Information Systems (MISs): these systems access, organize, summarize and display information for supporting routine decision making in the functional areas Decision Support Systems (DSS) : were developed to provide computer based support for complex, non-routine decision End - user computing : The use or development of information systems by the principal users of the systems’ outputs, such as analysts, managers, and other professionals

24. Structure of MIS

25. Sources of MIS

26. Types of Information System

27. Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) This type of information system is used to record the day to day transactions of a business. An example of a Transaction Processing System is a Point of Sale (POS) system. A POS system is used to record the daily sales. Management Information Systems (MIS) Management Information Systems abbreviated as MIS, are used to guide tactic managers to make semi-structured decisions. The output from the transaction processing system is used as input to the MIS system Decision Support Systems (DSS) Decision support systems are used by top level managers to make semi-structured decisions. The output from the Management Information System is used as input to the decision support system.DSS systems also get data input from external sources such as current market forces, competition, etc.

28. THANK YOU