Introduction to Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms.pptx

Dosage forms

1. Introduction to Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms Pharmaceutical dosage forms are the various physical presentations in which drugs are manufactured and administered to patients. These include solid, liquid, semi-solid, and parenteral forms, each with unique properties and applications. Aa by Aditya Kumar M.Pharm , GPAT

2. Solid Dosage Forms Tablets Compressed solid units containing an active drug and excipients. Offer accurate dosing, stability, and ease of administration. Capsules Solid dosage form where the drug is enclosed within a gelatin shell. Provide versatility in formulation and patient-friendly delivery. Advantages Accurate dosing Improved stability Convenient administration

3. Liquid Dosage Forms 1 Solutions Liquid preparations where the drug is dissolved in a solvent. Offer rapid onset of action and precise dosing. 2 Suspensions Liquids containing insoluble drug particles dispersed in a vehicle. Useful for poorly soluble drugs. 3 Emulsions Biphasic liquid systems where one immiscible liquid is dispersed in another. Facilitate delivery of lipophilic drugs.

4. Semi-Solid Dosage Forms Ointments Semisolid preparations, typically lipid-based, used for topical application on the skin. Creams Emulsion-based semisolid preparations, either oil-in-water or water-in-oil, designed for topical use. Gels Semisolid systems composed of a network of small, discrete particles dispersed in a liquid medium.

5. Parenteral Dosage Forms 1 Injections Sterile preparations administered by injection, providing rapid onset of action and improved bioavailability. 2 Infusions Sterile liquid preparations administered intravenously, allowing controlled and sustained drug delivery. 3 Advantages Bypass first-pass metabolism, ensure precise dosing, and enable targeted drug delivery.

6. Topical Dosage Forms Transdermal Patches Provide controlled, continuous drug delivery through the skin for systemic effects. Ophthalmic Preparations Sterile liquids, gels, or ointments applied to the eye for local or systemic effects. Nasal Sprays Liquid preparations administered through the nose for local or systemic drug delivery.

7. Factors Influencing Dosage Form Selection Patient Factors Age, compliance, administration route preferences. Drug Characteristics Solubility, stability, absorption, and pharmacokinetics. Therapeutic Objectives Rapid onset, sustained release, or targeted delivery.

8. Regulatory Considerations Quality Assurance Ensuring safety, efficacy, and consistency of dosage forms. Stability Testing Evaluating the shelf life and degradation of drug products. Good Manufacturing Practices Adherence to guidelines for proper manufacturing and packaging. Regulatory Approvals Meeting all applicable requirements for market authorization.

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