Introduction to Pharmacy & Pharmaceutics.pptx

Pharmaceutics is the overall process of developing a new chemical entity into an approved therapy that is safe and effective in treating or preventing disease. It is a complex process requiring multiple scientific, medical, legal, commercial, and regulatory expertise.Pharmaceutics is the branch of pharmacy which deals with the formulation, manufacturing, evaluation, packaging of pharmaceutical dosage forms

1. INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACY & PHARMACEUTICS PRESENTED BY: Rahul pal M. PHARM (PHARMACEUTICS) DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICS, NIMS INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY, NIMS UNIVERSITY, JAIPUR, RAJASTHAN, India.

2. PHARMACY ? The word pharmacy is derived from the Greek word “ Pharmakon ”, meaning medicine or drug . In other term, “Pharmacy may defined as the art and science of preparing (manufacturing) and dispensing of drugs prepared by the natural and synthetic sources and using for the treatment as well as prevention of diseases”. In general sense, it is the place where medicine or drugs are sold . Pharmacy is a health profession that links health science with chemical science and aims to ensure the safe and effective use of pharmaceutical drugs. It includes the collection, identification, synthesis, purification, isolation and quality control of medical substance or pharmaceutical products.

3. HISTORY OF PHARMACY The evolution of the profession of pharmacy can be divided into five historical periods :

4. Departments of pharmacy Pharmaceutical chemistry Pharmaceutical analysis Pharmacology Pharmaceutics In addition to these core departments, there are also a number of specialized departments in pharmacy, such as: Nuclear pharmacy, Oncology pharmacy, Geriatric pharmacy, Home care pharmacy and Compounding pharmacy are applicable maximum outside the India.

5. PHARMACIST ? Pharmacist also known as Druggist or Chemist . A pharmacist is a healthcare professional who is responsible for the preparation, dispensing, and management of medications. They are experts in the safe and effective use of medications, and they play a vital role in ensuring that patients receive the correct medications at the correct doses. Pharmacists are highly trained professionals who have a deep understanding of medications . If you are interested in becoming a pharmacist, there are a few things you need to do: Earn a bachelor's degree/Diploma in pharmacy. Pass the Pharmacy Licensure Examination (PCE):  T his exam is required to become a licensed pharmacist in the United States. Obtain a pharmacist license:  Once you have passed the PCE, you will need to obtain a pharmacist license in the state.

6. ROLE OF PHARMACIST Pharmacists play a vital role in the healthcare system. T hey provide valuable services to patients, healthcare providers, and the community. The various roles of pharmacists as following: Dispensing medications Providing medication counselling  Monitoring patient medication use Identifying and resolving medication-related problems Conducting research on medications Educating the public about medications 

7. PHARMACEUTICS? Pharmaceutics is the branch of pharmacy which deals with the formulation, manufacturing, evaluation and packaging of pharmaceutical dosage forms. Pharmaceutics is the science of the design, development, and evaluation of dosage forms. It is a branch of pharmacy that deals with the formulation and preparation of drugs for administration to patients. The goal of pharmaceutics is to develop dosage forms that are safe, effective, and convenient for patients. The subfields of pharmaceutics: Dosage form design:  This subfield deals with the development of new drug formulations, such as tablets, capsules etc. Pharmaceutical analysis:  This subfield deals with the analysis of drugs, including their purity, potency, and stability. Pharmaceutical technology:  This subfield deals with the manufacturing and packaging of drugs. Pharmaceutical dispensing:  This subfield deals with the dispensing of drugs to patients.

8. FORMULATION & MANUFACTURING FORMULATION Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API) + Excipients/Additives/Non drug components  Pharmaceutical dosage forms. MANUFACTURING Manufacturing of pharmaceutical dosage forms involves a series of steps that can be convert the raw material into finished goods.

9. MANUFACTURING Manufacturing Steps: Preparation:  It includes the selection, weighing, measuring, and identifying of drug substance and excipients.  Processing: T his includes the mixing, granulation, compaction, coating, and packaging of the dosage form. Testing:  The tests may include physical tests, chemical tests, and biological tests.

10. EVALUATIONS & PACKAGING Evaluations Any process by which the properties and specification of the prepared pharmaceutical dosage forms are checked. The main aim of evaluations is to confirm the quality. Packaging The pharmaceutical packaging is defined as the economical means of providing the presentation, protection, identification, information, convenience and stability of the products.

11. BRANCHES OF PHARMACEUTICS

12. SCOPE OF PHARMACEUTICS

13. Pharmacopoeia? A pharmacopoeia is a book that contains information about medicinal drugs, including their composition, preparation, dosage, and uses . Pharmacopoeias are published by governmental or non-governmental organizations and are used as standards for the quality of pharmaceutical products. The word "pharmacopoeia" comes from the Greek words “ Pharmakon ," meaning “ Drug ," and “ Poiein ," meaning, “ To make” . So, Pharmacopoeia is defined as any receipe or formula or other standard required to make or prepare of drug. The first International Pharmacopoeia was published by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1951 (Volume I) and in 1955 (Volume II). In addition, the Govt. of India also publishes the Ayurvedic and Homeopathic Pharmacopoeias.

14. Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC) The Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC) is an autonomous institution under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. It is responsible for setting standards for all drugs that are manufactured, sold, and consumed in India. The set of standards are published under the title Indian Pharmacopoeia (IP). Headquarter: Sector-23, Raj Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. Website: https://www.ipc.gov.in/ The IPC was formed according to the Indian Drugs and Cosmetics Act of 1940 and established by executive orders of the Government of India in 1956. The IP is revised every 5 years, and the current edition is the 9th edition, which was published in 2022. The IPC has a number of functions, including: Setting standards for drugs, Publishing the Indian Pharmacopoeia, Providing technical advice, Promoting the rational use of medicines .

15. INDIAN pharmacopoeia Indian Pharmacopoeia is the authorized book of standard in India but other Pharmacopoeia have also been recognized under the drugs and cosmetic rules. The first Indian Pharmacopoeia edition was published in 1955. The second Indian Pharmacopoeia edition was published in 1966 and later on its supplements was published in 1975. The third edition of IP was published in 1985 by Gov. of India. The fourth edition published by Gov. of India in 1996. The fifth edition of IP was published in 2007 by Gov. of India and later amended in 2008.

16. INDIAN pharmacopoeia The sixth edition of IP was published in 2010 by Govt. of India and later amended in 2012. The seventh edition of IP was published in 2014. The pharmacopoeia 2014 was released by Health Minister Ghulam Nabi Azad on November 4, 2013 and later it was amended in 2015 & 2016. The 8th edition of the Indian Pharmacopoeia (IP) was published in 2018. The IP is published by the chairman, Shri C.K. Mishra Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC) on behalf of the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India. The 8th edition of the IP includes a total of 2,396 monographs. The 9th edition of the Indian Pharmacopoeia (IP) was published in J uly 1, 2022 and it will effective from 1 st December 2022. The IP Published by chairman of the IPC, Dr. Rajesh Bhushan , the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC) on behalf of the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India. The 9th edition of the IP includes a total of 3,152 monographs.

17. Editions Published Year Amendment/Supplement I Edition 1955 Supplement 1960 II Edition 1966 Supplement 1975 III Edition 1985 Addendum 1989, 1991 IV Edition 1996 Addendum 2000, Vet. Supplement 2000, Addendum 2022, 2005 V Edition 2007 Addendum 2008 VI Edition 2010 Addendum 2012 VII Edition 2014 Addendum 2015, 2016 VIII Edition 2018 Two addenda published in 2019 and 2021 IX Edition 2022 ---

18. LATEST INDIAN pharmacopoeia The latest Indian Pharmacopoeia (IP) is the 9th edition , which was published in J uly 1, 2022. The IP Published by chairman of the IPC, Dr. Rajesh Bhushan , the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC) on behalf of the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India. The some of the key features of the 9th edition of the Indian Pharmacopoeia: It includes a total of 3,152 monographs, covers pharmaceutical substances and dosage forms. It includes 12 new general chapters. It is fully harmonized with the World Health Organization's (WHO) International Pharmacopoeia (IP), ensuring that the standards for pharmaceutical substances and dosage forms in India are aligned with international standards. It is available in both print and electronic formats. The 9th edition of the Indian Pharmacopoeia is effective from December 1, 2022. Website: https://www.ipc.gov.in/

19. INDIAN PHARMACOPOEIA Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC) 1996 2007 2010 2014 2018 2022 9 th Edition

20. REFERENCES Kalaiselvan , V., Kumar, R., & Singh, G. N. (2015). Indian Pharmacopoeia commission's partners for promoting public health.  Adv Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf ,  4 (181), 2167-1052. https://www.ipc.gov.in/ Tyagi, S. (2012). Use of electronic information resources at the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission.  DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology ,  32 (2). Basu , D. (2020). The role played by the Indian pharmacopoeia commission in today’s era: A critical study. Indian Pharmacopoeia Comm. Voice Res, 9, pg. no. 34-42 .