Introduction to Psychology- An easy approach

It is the short description of psychology that covers some important topics.
That might include
What is psychology
Goals
Basic Concepts
History
Philosophy
Schools
Importantly gestalt psychology

1. Introduction to Psychology Lecture 1 Instructor : Shehla Nasreen

2. Psychology Term psychology comes from two Greek words Psyche = Soul Logos = to Study Separated from philosophy in 19 th century Is Psychology a Science? Science is a standardized procedure Facts are analyzed under controlled conditions Information is examined objectively Predictions are made on the basis of information thus collected

3. What is your Psychology ? The science of behavior and mental processes. Behavior Those actions that are observable Mind T houghts, feelings, sensations, perceptions, memories, dreams, motives and other subjective experiences Science The objective way to answer questions based on observable facts, data and methods.

4. Goals of Psychology To describe WHAT is the behavior to describe HOW human and animal behave in different situations. To explain WHY a person act or react in a certain way. To consider which factors trigger certain behavior (causes) To predict Being able to correctly predict occurrences of certain behavior To control The final goal of psychology is to control or modify certain types of behavior based on observation.

5. Early History Psychology’s intellectual parents were 19 th century Philosophy & Physiology. Socrates, Plato, & Rene Descartes (1596-1650) _ Interactive Dualism Believed the mind and body were separate entities (dualism) and that most ideas, thoughts, traits, etc . Aristotle & John Locke Believed that the mind and body were connected (monism) and that the mind was a "blank slate" upon which experience writes. Tabula Rasa How are Human body and mind related? https:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=ILDy6kYU-xQ

6. Philosophical Developments

7. Contribution of Wundt Wilhelm Wundt mounted a campaign to make psychology as an independent discipline. In 1874, he declared psychology as a scientific subject. Consciousness is an awareness of immediate experience In 1879, Wundt stated his first laboratory for psychology in Leipzig University Introspection___ Self observation

8. Expansion of Psychology G. Stanley hall, in 19 th century established first laboratory in America in 1883. Four years later he launched America’s first journal of psychology In 1892, he established “ American Psychological Association” and was elected as first president.

9. Battle of the “Schools” Edward Tichner introduced Structuralism “Structuralism as based on the notion that the task of psychology is to analyze consciousness into its basic elements & investigate how these elements are related” William James opposed Wundt and Tichner and introduced Functionalism “Psychology should investigate the function or purpose of consciousness, rather than its structure” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qXSyCgphF0o

10. Gestalt Psychology School of psychology that studies how people perceive and experience objects as whole patterns. " the whole is greater than the sum of its parts". Their focus is perception .