Introduction_to_Transportation_Engineeri.pptx

tRANSPORTATION eNGINEERING

1. INTRODUCTION TO TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING 4 th Semester Civil BUETK- Uthal

2. Transportation is … 1. 2. Safe, efficient, reliable, and sustainable movement of persons and goods over time and space. All about moving goods and people from one place to another.

3. Transportation Engineering Traffic Engineering - is the application of technology and scientific principles to the planning, functional design, operation, and management of facilities for any mode of transportation in order to provide for the safe, rapid, comfortable, convenient, economical, and environmentally compatible movement of people and goods. - is that phase of transportation engineering which deals with the planning, geometric design and traffic operations of roads, streets, and highways, their networks, terminals, abutting lands, and relationships with other modes of transportation.

4. Transportation Engineering … Traffic Engineering … - Focuses on the infrastructure of transportation FUNCTIONS & OBJECTIVES - Design runways, build bridges, layout roads and plan docking facilities - Look at traffic patterns, determine when new transport facilities are needed and come up with better ways - Application of technology and scientific principles to the planning, functional design, operation, and - Management of facilities - The principal objective of traffic engineering is to provide a safe system for road traffic including pedestrians and bicycles . - Provision of efficient management & operations of road transport network Other objectives can be : - Sustainability - Environmental I mpacts - Comfort & convenience of the user - Economy

5. Modes of Transportation 1. By Land a) Railways - Surface - Underground - Elevated - Light rail transit (LRT) b) Road Transport 2. By Air - Air Transport 3. By Water - Water Transport 3. By Pipes - Pipeline Transport

6. History of Transportation Engineering 1. Humans had migrated by their feet 2. Use domesticated animals to carry goods 3. Built machines and devices, like sleds and travois, to help them carry more. 4. Establishing trading routes 5. Well-used paths became more and more permanent. 6. These paths became the first roads 7. Maintain the roads and look at ways in which they could be made easier to travel 8. The first transportation engineers.

7. Four critical dimensions of change in Transportation System 1. Change in values of the public 2. Changes in the technology 3. Change in operational policy 4. Change in the demand

8. Components of the Traffic Systems 1. Vehicular Traffic - Cars, Buses, Trucks, Taxis... 2. Road Conditions - Motorway, Highway, Urban Arterial, Rural roads ... 3. Driver Characteristics - Young, Drunk, Experienced, Learner’s License ... 4. Environmental Conditions - Rainy, Sunny, Foggy, Night-time conditions ... 5. Control Devices - Signalised/ Unsignalised ...

9. The characteristics of Transportation System 1. Multi-disciplinary 2. Multi-sector 3. Multi-problem 4. Multi-objective 5. Multi-modal

10. Elements of a Transportation System 1. Infrastructure : which includes Road, canal, rail, air Transfer points Supporting elements ( signs, signals, safety) 2. Vehicles : which includes Planes, trains, autos, buses , ships, trucks 3. Operators/Content : which includes Drivers, pilots , freight, passengers

11. Role of Transportation in Society 1. Economic role of transportation Transportation contributes two kinds of utilities ( place and time utility ) Major conclusion about the economic role of transportation systems a. adequate transportation infrastructure is necessary for high level of economic activity to exist. b. most transportation is not undertaken by its own sake (though some take it for pleasure), but is what referred to as Secondary Goods/secondary service.

12. Role of Transportation in Society 2. Social role of transportation - Growth of Urban Centers - Size and Pattern of Settlement - Formation of settlements 3. Environmental role of transportation - Safety - Air Pollution - Noise pollution - Energy consumption 4. Other impacts - Aesthetics - Social life and social pattern

13. Major disciplines of Transportation 1. Transportation Planning - involves the development of a transport model 2. Geometric Design - deals with physical proportioning of other transportation facilities = Cross-sectional features, = Horizontal alignment, = Vertical alignment and = Intersections 3. Pavement Design - deals with the structural design of roads, both (bituminous and concrete) = Drainage design = Functional design = Structural design . 4. Traffic Engineering - covers a broad range of engineering applications with a focus on … = The safety of the public, = The efficient use of transportation resources, and = The mobility of people and goods.

14. Additional Disciplines of Transportation 1. Public Transportation - study of the transportation system that meets the travel need of several people by sharing a vehicle. = characteristics of various modes = planning = management and operations = policies for promoting public transportation 2. Financial and economic analysis - tries to quantify the economic benefit which includes saving in travel time, fuel consumption, etc.

15. Additional Disciplines of Transportation 3. Environmental Impact assessment - attempts in quantifying the environmental impacts and tries to evolve strategies for the mitigation and reduction of the impact due to both construction and operation. 4. Accident Analysis and Reduction - looks at the causes of accidents, from the perspective of human, road, and vehicle and formulate plans for the reduction . 5. Intelligent Transport System - offers better mobility, efficiency, and safety with the help of the state-of-the-art technology

16. Factors in Transportation Development 1. Economic Factors 2. Geographical Factor 3. Political Policies 4. Military 5. Technological Factor 6. Urbanization 7. Competition

17. END… THANK YOU …